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fubfidy paid by Suja Dowla, and which, by Lord Clive, had been fixed at 36,000l. and afterwards raised to 252,000l. was now augmented to 312,000l. per annum. On receiving intelligence, in July 1778, that war had actually commenced between France and Britain, Cheit Sing was required to pay 50,000l. as his fhare of the public burdens. Such a demand was paid with extreme reluctance by a prince who already contributed 240,000l. and probably thought that an abundant equivalent for the protection he enjoyed. The fame requifition, how ever, was made the two fucceeding years, but with a promise that the demand fhould ceafe when peace was reftored. Instead of any alleviation, however, a body of troops was also quartered upon him, and he was likewife obliged to pay for their maintenance, left he should not voluntarily pay the additional 50,000l. In Nov. 1780, in addition to all thefe demands, he was alfo required to fend into the field fuch a body of horfe as he could fpare; but this requifition was never complied with. In July 1781, Mr Hastings having, it is faid, received fome intelligence that the oppreffed rajah meditated rebellion, set out on a vifit to the nabob of Oude, and in his way proposed to clear up the misunderstanding with him. The method by which he intended to do this, was to lay a fine upon the poor prince of 400,000l. or 500,000l.; and as a reafon for doing fo, it was alleged, that the late rajah had left a million sterling in his treafury; a fum which was continually increafing. Cheit Sing, advanced to the borders of his territories to meet the governor-general, behaved with all imaginable fubmiffion; and having got private intelligence of what was meditated against him, offered to pay down 200,00ol. This was refufed; and the governor-general having reached the capital, forbid the rajah his presence, and by a letter acquainted him with his caufes of complaint. Cheit Sing fent a very fubmiffive anfwer; but as he endeavoured to exculpate himfelf, Mr Haftings was so far from being fatisfied, that he put the prince under an arreft. Such an unheard-of proceeding excited the utmost furprise and refentment, in fubjects accustomed to regard their fovereign with a degree of reverence little short of adoration. On the very day of the arreft they affembled tumultuously, cut in pieces the guard which had been fet on the palace, and carried off their prince in triumph. It does not appear, however, that this was any other than a tranfitory tumult; for though they could easily have cut off the governor-general, they made no attempt against him. Cheit Sing protefted his innocence, and made the most unlimited offers of fubmiffion, but all in vain. His government was declared vacant, and the zemindary bestowed on the next heir; the annual fubfidy to the government of Bengal was augmented from 240,0col. to 400,000l. annually. The miferable rajah was forced to fly his country; and his mother, though promised leave to retire upon conditions, was attacked in her retreat, and plundered by the foldiers. After all his endeavours to procure money, however, Mr Haftings found this adventure turn out much lefs profitable than he had expected; for the treafury of the fugitive prince was feized and retain

ed by the foldiers. As to the nabob of Oude, new treaty was concluded with him; the defig of which was evidently to ease him of fome of th burdens to which he was at that time fubjected Part of the British troops were therefore with drawn from his dominions. As Fizulla Khan the most profperous of his dependents, had been called upon to furnish a body of 50co horse to join the nabob's army, and had not complied with the requifition, the guarantee of his treaty with the nabob, formerly executed, was withdrawn but it being afterwards difcovered that his territo ry was not equivalent to the claims of the gover nor, the treaty was renewed on payment of a flight fine. As the widow of Sujah Dowla was fufpected of favouring the late rajah Cheit Sing the reigning prince was allowed to reclaim the treafures of his father in her poffeffion, and likewife to deprive her of a small province the had in poffeffion, on condition of paying her a certain ftipulated allowance annually. The treafures were feized as payment of the debts of the prince to the company. Hoftilities continued in India between the French and British, till the year 1783 was far advanced, and long after tranquillity had been reftored in other parts of the world. In the beginning of the season for action, the governor and council of Bengal determined to fend an ample fupply to the prefidency of Madras, that fo they might be enabled to put an end to the war, which Tippoo feemed willing to profecute with even more vigour than his father had done. For this purpose Sir Eyre Coote, who, for his health, had gone to Bengal by sea, set sail once more for Madras, being entrusted with a large fum of money for the neceffary expenses of the war. In his paffage he was chafed for 48 hours by two French men of war. The folicitude and fatigue he underwent during this time, being almoft conftantly upon deck, occafioned a relapse, so that he died in two days after his arrival at Madras. His death was greatly lamented, as the greatest expectations had been formed of a happy conclufion being put to the war, by his extraordinary military talents, for which he had already acquired fo great reputation in India. The invafion of Tippoo's dominions having called him off from the Carnatic, General Stuart took the opportunity of attacking him in another quatter. Col. Fullarton was difpatched with a large body of troops to invade the province of Coimbatour. This be executed with great fuccefs; over-running the country, taking feveral fortreffes, and making a very alarming diversion on this fide of Tippoo's domi. nions. Gen. Stuart, however, having still greater defigns in view, was obliged to recal this gentleman in the midft of his fuccefs. The fiege of the ftrong fortress of Cuddalore was the operation which next engaged his attention. It was now become the principal place of arms belonging to the French; was ftrongly fortified, and garrifoned by a numerous body of the best troops in France, as well as a confiderable number of Tippoo's choiceft forces. The fiege therefore proved fo difficult, that though the British displayed the utmost valour and military skill, they were not able to reduce the place until hostilities were inter

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rupted by the news of a general pacification having concerted with them. The grand Carnatic army 1 taken place in Europe. In this fiege a remarkable was instantly assembled, under Gen. Meadows, in circumfance took place, viz. that of a corps'of se- the southern provinces, and a plan of operations poy grenadiers encountering and overcoming the agreed on, between him and Gen Abercrombie,

French troops opposed to them with fixed bayo- who had the command of the Bombay army, and | nets. For this remarkable instance of valour, they Col. Kelly, who had that of the centre army, so í not only received the higheft applause at the time, named from its position between Madras and My

but provifon was made for themselves and families fore. The Nizam and the Poonah Mahrattas by the presidencies to which they belonged. Af- were appointed to penetrate into the territory of ter the reduction of Hyder nagur, and the destruc- Tippoo bordering on theirs, and Seringapatam tion of the army under General Matthews, the was fixed on as the common centre. On the British pofseffed only three places of consequence 24th May, Gen. Meadows joined the grand army, in the kingdom of Canara. These were Manga- and on the 15th June entered Tippoo's country, lore, Onore, and Carwa. The fiege of all these when the fort of Carroor immediately surrendered. places was undertaken at once. Mangalore, the Seven days were spent in marching 59 miles to principal port in the country, was defended by a Duraporum, where they found a supply of grain, very numerous garrison under Major Campbell, and heard that Tippoo had ascended the Ghauts. Tippoo sat down before it on the 19th of May; On the 22d July, the army entered Coimbettore, and the attack and defence were both conducted which was evacuated, though it contained much with the greatest spirit and activity. Notwith- grain and military stores. Several other forts were standing the utmoft efforts of the besiegers, how- also reduced. In the end of Aug. Col. Floyd reever, and that the garrison were reduced to the duced Sattimungalum, though garrisoned by a last extremity for want of provisions, they held battalion, and well

supplied with provisions. But out in spite of every difficulty, until the general on the 12th Sept. Tippoo began a smart cannonpacification being concluded, the place was after- ade on Floyd's detachment, who thereupon rewards delivered up. In other parts nothing more treated to Coimbettore on the 13th; but, being happened, than an indecisive engagement between closely pressed, repulsed the Mysorean troops on M. Suffrein and Admiral Hughes.

the 14th. On the 18th Gen. Meadows marched (18.) India, HISTORY OF THE WAR IN, WITH to the E. to offer Tippou battle, but found he had TIPPOO SULTAN, FROM 1989, TO THE Peace retreated to Sattimungalum, on which he return. IN 1792. A combination of various causes con- ed to Coimbettore. On the 12th O. he heard tributed to produce this war. The splendid em- that Tippoo had taken Daraporum, and the Bribaffy sent by Tippoo to the court of France, soon tish garrison arrived in camp on the 17th, speak. after the peace of Mangalore in 1784, had given ing much of the honourable treatment they had season to suspect, that some plan was concerted received from Tippoo, who left Daraporum on between that court and the tyrant of Mysore, for the 20th. Gen. Meadows left Coimbettore the the annoyance of Great Britain, in its Indian ter- same day. The history of the grand army is noritories ; but this plan, whatever was its extent, thing but a journal of its marches in pursuit of was defeated by the French revolution. The the enemy, till the 17th Nov. when it formed a Dutch were no less jealous of the increasing power junction with the centre army, at Poolamputty; of Tippoo, on account of the vicinity of their and on the 18th they came in light of the rear of fourishing settlement at Cochin to the sultan's Tippoo's cavalry, whom they cannonaded and territories. They also possessed the forts of Cran- pursued to the foot of the pass. From this period gan.ore and Acottah in the vicinity of his boun- the united armies under Gen. Meadows took their daries. To procure poffeffion of these forts, Tip- course back to Trichinopoly to procure supplies, poo marched a formidable force, in June 1789, but did not arrive till the 8th Dec. the weather towards Cranganore, which the Dutch had taken being bad. Here they learned that Tippoo had poffeffion of, when in alliance with his father Hy arrived at Munsurput, on the Coleroone, opposite der Aly, and had retained ever since. Afraid of Trichinopoly, on the 28th Nov, where he conti. losing these forts, the Dutch fold them both to nued encamped till the 6th Dec, but without atthe rajah of Travancore, an ally of Britain ; and tacking that city. Mean time a detachment from thus, with their usual policy, placed Britain as a the Bombay army, under Lieut. Col. Hartley, renbarrier against Tippoo's encroachments on their dered great service to the rajah of Travancore; settlement at Cochin. The rajah gave farther of- and on the sth Gen. Abercrombie, with the refence to the sultan, by purchasing some territory mainder of the forces from Bombay, arrived at from the rajab of Cochin, a tributary of Tippoo, Tellicherry. On the 14th Sir Ralph marched to without consulting him. Tippoo, therefore, made attack Cannanore, which, with the garrison, sura direct attack upon the lines of Travancore, on rendered on the 17th, and the troops engaged not ? the 29th Dec. 1989; but on receiving a remon- to serve against the British during the war. About ftrance from the British government at Fort the same time Col. Hartley took Ferokabad, the George, be defifted, sent back the prisoners, and capital of the Malabar coait. On the 27th Barraaffirmed as an apology, that the rajah's people gurry and Cootahpoor surrendered; so that the had first fired on his troops. On the ist of May whole coast, from the Billipatam to Cape Como1990, the rajab atfacked Tippoo,' who had con- rin, was now in possession of the Britis and their tinued quiet from Dec. 29. For this step the allies. On the sth Jan. 1791, the army, under rajah alieged in excuse the hostile preparations of Gen. Meadows left Trichinopoly, and proceeded Tippoo, in erecting batteries, &c." This engage. to Madras, where Lord Cornwallis had arrived on went was expected by the British, and some say the 13th Dec. On the 29th his lordship joined

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the grand army at Vellont, which proceeded early in Feb. to Vellore; and having deceived Tippoo by a feint, passed the Muglee, on the 22d Feb. with all its ftores and baggage, 27,000 bullocks, and 80 elephants, &c. On the 24th Lord Cornwallis proceeded for Bangalore, and encamped before it on the 5th March. On the 6th the town was ftormed and taken, with the lofs of 100 men. On the 12th three batteries were opened on the fort, and on the 16th a new battery of 9 guns. On the 17th and 21ft Tippoo drew out his army, but without effect. On the evening of the 21ft the fort was stormed with a dreadful carnage, though with little lofs on the British fide. Not lefs than 1000 were maffacred with the bayonet, and 300, moftly wounded, were taken. The army remained at Bangalore till the 28th March, when they proceeded towards Chinna-Balabaram; and on the 7th April were joined by 15,000 of the Nizam's troops. On the 17th Col. Oldham joined them with 700 Europeans, 4500 Indians, and a fupply of provifions. On the 3d May they fet out for Seringapatam, and on the 13th arrived at Arakeery, whence they had a view of Tippoo's capital, 9 miles diftant, and obferved the main body of his army croffing from the island to the N. fide of the Cavery. Mean time Lord Cornwallis, having received intelligence that Gen. Abercrombie had afcended the Ghauts on the Malabar fide, refolved to form a junction of their forces, but finding it impracticable to make a ford across the Cavery, determined to march round the ridge of mountains on the right. On the morning of the 15th the enemy's line was feen in a ftrong pofition. The British army was then formed into two divifions under Col. Maxwell and Gen. Meadows. The former having fuccefsfully formed a height occupied by Tippoo's troops, the action became general along the front. Maxwell then advanced rapidly to gain another height on the enemy's left flank, while the cavalry under Col. Floyd attacked their right; on which Tippoo was forced to give way, though his retreat was gradual and masterly. Four guns were taken, and the enemy were purfued, till the fire from the island batteries obliged the British to defift, and encamp partly on the field of battle. After deftroying his battering train, and fending orders to Gen. Abercrombie, who had obtained poffeffion of PERIAPATAM, to return with all fpeed, Lord Cornwallis moved from his encampment to return to Bangalore: and on the 28th was joined by 30,000 Mahrattas, with a fupply of provifions. In their route they took feveral forts, and on the 18th July, Oufoor, with the forts near it, fubmitted. On the 30th the combined troops encamped 6 miles from Bangalore. Gen. Abercrombie, having alfo deftroyed his battering train, was obliged to lead back a fick and difpirited army, over thofe almost impaffable mountains they had fo lately paffed. While the army lay encamped near Seringapatam, a present of fruit had been fent by Tippoo to Lord Cornwallis, with fome overtures for a separate peace. The prefent, how ever, was returned, and the fultan affured, that no peace could be granted unless the allies were included. Tippoo next fent a vakeel with full powers to treat, but still the miffion proved unfuccefs

ful. During the winter months, Lord Cornwa omitted nothing that tended to infure the fucc of the next campaign. After reducing the forts NE. of Bangalore, NUNDY DROOG, the ca tal of a large diftrict, was belieged; and, be built upon the top of a mountain 1700 feet hi three-fourths of which were inacceffible, it stoo fiege from the 22d Sept. to the 18th Oct. whe breach was made. The carnage, which wo have followed, was prevented, partly by a nu ber of the garrison escaping over a low part of wall, but chiefly by the humane and laudable ertions of Capt. Robertfon, who commanded ftorming party, and directed his whole attent to prevent the effufion of blood. On the 3 Oct. Col. Maxwell took Fort PENAGRA by stor but, not exercifing the fame humanity, one h of the garrison was put to the fword. At Kis NAGHERY, the Colonel met with a more feric refiftance. The lower fort was eafily reduc but the garrifon in the upper fort defended it w a degree of heroifm bordering on despair. I menfe rocks and fhowers of ftones were bur down; the scaling ladders were broken, and af two hours of vigorous affault, Col. Maxwell fifted from the attempt. In Sept. Coimbett was befieged by a detachment fent by Tipp and was fo bravely defended by Lieut. Chalme that the Indians were obliged to raise the fie But being again befieged by a fresh party fent Tippon, and a detachment fent to its relief Lord Cornwallis, under Major Cuppage, be defeated by the Cawn, Lieut. Chalmers was liged to capitulate on the 2d Nov. and the ga fon marched out with the honours of war. the roth Dec. Col. Stewart encamped within miles of the celebrated fortress of SAVENDRO on the N. fide; on the 17th he opened two b teries, at 700 and 1000 yards diftance; and the 19th another within 250 yards, which, on 21ft, effected a breach at 11 A. M. when the fault was made, and in an hour the valour of British troops made them mafters of a fort hitherto deemed impregnable. On the 4th D OUTREDROOG, another fort 12 miles diftant, alfo taken by ftorm. Several other forts were fo reduced, and Gumuncondah was blocked by Hafez Jee, one of the Nizam's beft gener It was relieved, however, by Hyder Saib, Tippe eldeft fon, who took Hafez Jee and great par his troops prifoners. Early in Nov. Gen. Al crombie returned to Tellicherry, and on the of Dec. he proceeded on his march through Ghauts towards the Myfore country; while Mahrattas, under Purferam Bhow, reduced fev forts on the Tam and the Budra, which gave th access to a fertile district, that afforded feafon fupplies. The grand object, the reduction of poo's capital, was now to be attempted. On ift of Feb. 1792, the allied armies commen their march, and on the sth arrived within of Seringapatam, under the walls of which Tip was ftrongly pofled. His front line was fituated the N. fide of the Cavery, behind a strong bo hedge, and defended by heavy cannon in the doubts. In the front there was at leaft pieces of cannon; and in the fort and island formed his 2d line, there were 3 times as m

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1 N D The allied army encamped 6 miles from Tippoo, down to the river, where they were much galled in two divisions separated by the small river Lock- by the firing from Tippoo's right liné, crossed arry. The British army formed the front line ; the ford and joined the victorious parties, who had the reserve was about a mile in the rear, where got poffeffion of the E. extremity of the island. the armies of the Nizam and Mahrattas were also The battle was continued in different parts during pofted at a farther distance. On the 6th Feb.or- the whole of the 7th Feb. The most defperate ders were issued to attack Tippoo's camp and conflict was at the sultan's redoubt, which was lines at 7 P. M. The right division, consisting of defended by a small party under Col. Kelly,

3.300 infantry was commanded by Gen. Mea- against three vigorous attacks, feconded by a heavy dows; the centre, confifting of 3700, by Lord cannonade from the forts. The enemy being Cornwallis; and the left, of only 1700 men, by driven from every post on the N. side of the river, Col. Maxwell. At 8 o'clock the whole body was the camp was advanced as near to the bound under arms, the evening was serene, and the troops hedge as the firing from the fort would permit; moved on in filence by the light of the moon. and a chain of posts along the N. and E. faces of While they were on their march, Col. Duff's camp the fort was formed, so as strongly to invest Sewas struck, which gave the first notice of the in- ringapatam on its two principal fides. Thus tended attack to the allies, who were astonished pressed on every quarter, and his whole power rewhen they found that L. Cornwallis had ventured duced within the narrow limits of a citadel, the on this desperate enterprise with only a part of sultan became anxious to procure peace on alhis infantry, unsupported by artillery. Between most any terms. He therefore released Lieuts. 10 and 11 at night, the centre column, within a Chalmers and Nash, who had been captured at mile of the bound hedge, touched upon Tippoo's Coimbettore, and had been hitherio well treated, grand guard of cavalry, who were coming with presented the former with so0 rupees and two rockets, &c. to difturb the British camp, but im. shawls, and sent a letter by him to Lord Cornmediately galloped off to the lines, leaving the wallis, requefting he would return with the anrocket boys to harass the British column. Find. swer. On the 16th Feb. the Bombay army, under ing themselves thus discovered, the column ad. Gen. Abercrombie, after a fatiguing march, wherevanced with the utmoft rapidity, and entered the in they were much haraíled by detached parties enemy's lines within 15 minutes after the news of the enemy, joined Lord Cornwallis, and affordcould have reached them. The right column, ed a re-inforcement of about 2000 Europeans and having met with more impediments, was later in 4000 natives. Vigorous preparations were therereaching the hedge than the centre column; but fore made to attack the fort on the N. side; it entered the lines about 11, when the battle be- where trenches were opened and batteries concame general ; the enemy at last gave way, and at structed will all expedition. Mean time, to draw day-break Gen. Meadows found himself complete off the attention of the enemy from these operamáster of the field. The chief object of the centre tions, Maj. Dalrymple and Capt. Robertson, with column being to gain poffeflion of the island, the the 71st reg. and i3th batt. of sepoys, were fent front division dispersed the enemy, and pasting to attack the enemy's cavalry, encamped on the Tippoo's tent, which had been abandoned, preilS. side of the river. They entered the camp uned forward to the river, in two parties. The first discovered, killed with the bayonet above 100 under captain Monfon crossed the ford under the men and 200 horses, and returned without losing walls without oppofition, and proceeded to the a man. On the night of the 19th, a parallel and E. gate of the city, but finding it shut, marched redoubt were completed near the walls of the fort, to an extensive market.place, where they made a on the opposite fide of the river ; which the fulgreat Naughter of the enemy. They were follow. tan, next day, in vain attempted to overthrow. ed by the other party, under Col. Knox, who pro- He then endeavoured to deprive the camp of waceeded to the rajah's garden, and thence to the ter, by altering the course of a large canal, but in fuburb Shaher-Ganjam, the gates of which they this attempt too he was disappointed, a party be. forced open, and drove the enemy from all their ing dispatched under Cap. Wahab, who soon difbatteries. The centre division advanced to the lodged the enemy and repaired the damage done sultan's redoubt, which they found abandoned, to the canal. On the 19th the grand operation and afterwards co-operated with Col. Maxwell in of the fiege commenced by opening the trenches, defeating Tippoo's right wing. Lord Cornwallis, and by a heavy discharge from all the batteries ; with the reserve, remained close by the bound and in the mean time the Bombay army crossed bedge, where the column had first entered, and the river to inveft the W. fide of the capital. But two hours before day-break was joined by Capt. in consequence of the application through Lieut. Hunter's party; soon after which they were at. Chalmers, Lord Cornwallis agreed to receive Tiptacked by a strong body of troops, part of Tippoo's envoys to treat of peace. On the 15th, poo's centre and left, who, being now recovered 16th, 19th, and zist, Sir J. Kennaway and Mr from their panic, rallied with redoubled resolu. Cherry, afiíîted by Vakeels; (or envoys,) from the tion. The conflict was carried on with inflexible Nizam and Hurry Punt the Mahratta chief, met courage on both fides, and it was near day-light; with Tippoo's vakeels, to treat of peace, but litbefore the enemy were repulsed. Lord' Corn- tle progress was made in the negociation. The wallis then retired to the Pagoda hill, where he fiege continúed without intermission, and Gen. was met by Gen. Meadows. Mean time the left Abercrombie, on the 22d, took pofleffion of a redivifion under Col. Maxwell, after ascending the doubt and grove between his camp and the fort, *Carighaut hill, with little resistance, and marching but with the loss of 104 men. During the night VOL. XII. PARTI.

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of the 22d and 23d new batteries were erected, and Purseram Bhow, with 20,000 horse, several thousand foot, and 30 cannon, was daily expected. In the mean time, Tippoo had been obliged to fend off all his cavalry and camp followers to Myfore, and was in want of every thing, while the British army was well fupplied. In this hopeless fituation, he was compelled to accept of any terms propofed by Lord Cornwallis. Thefe, all things confidered, were moderate. On the 23d Feb, preliminaries of peace were figned on the following terms: 1. That Tippoo fhall cede one half of his dominions to the allied powers: 3. That he fhall pay 3 crores and 30 lacks of rupees: 3. That all prifoners thall be reftored: And, 4. That two of his eldest sons shall become hoftages for the performance of the treaty. On the 24th hoftilities ceafed, and on the 26th the two princes, Abdul Calick, aged about 10, and Mooza Ud-Deen, about 8, elegantly dreffed, and mounted each on an elephant richly caparifoned, arrived in the British camp, and were received with all due refpect and kindness by Lord Cornwallis. On the 19th March, the definitive treaty was finally adjusted and figned.

(29.) INDIA, HISTORY OF THE WAR IN, WITH TIPPOO SULTAN, TO HIS DEATH, AND THE CAPTURE OF SERINGAPATAM, IN 1799. From the peace in 1792, the affairs of India had continued in a state of doubtful tranquillity. From 1796, the Sultan of Myfore is accused of having kept the jealousy of the British government awake fo much, that in autumn 1797, Lord Ho. bart is faid to have relinquished an expedition he had undertaken into another quarter, merely from the apprehenfions entertained of Tippoo's hoftile defigns. These jealoufies were increafed by a proclamation of the French governor of the Ifle of France, produced at Bengal in 1798, wherein was mentioned an alliance formed between Tippoo and the French republic, for the deftruction of the British power in India. It was alfo alleged, that Tippoo had fent an embaffy to Zemaun Shah, to encourage bim in his threatened invafion of Hindoottan. Mean time Tippoo profeffed the most friendly intentions of preferving concord and harmony between the two nations. The British governor-general, however, giving little credit to these profeflions, began to strengthen his alliances with the Nizam and the Paifhwa, concluded a fubfidiary treaty with the former in Sept. 1798, and adjusted all difputes with both. In confequence of this treaty, the French army at Hyderabad was furrounded by the English and the Nizam's troops, the fepoys were difarmed, and the French officers fent prifoners to Bengal. Matters were in this ftate, when the news arrived of the French invafion of Egypt, and of Lord Nelfon's victory. (See EGYPT, 21, 34.) The governor-general therefore, on this, wrote a letter to Tippoo, dated 3d Nov. acquainting him of his knowledge of his connection with the French republic, and propofing to fend Major Doveton to adjuft all differences. On the 10th Dec. he fent another letter to the fame purpofe; and on the 15th received a letter from the fultan, wherein he expreffed "the utmost surprise at the military preparations on foot, confcious as he was of having

obferved the treaty with the most unviolable fið lity." On the 25th, he fent another letter t the governor, wherein he congratulates his Lord hip on the victory over the French; explains th nature of the pretended embally to the le France, which he fays was a mere mercantile a venture, and fuppofes the French had taken th advantage of it, to fpread reports to difurb th union between the two ftates. To this letter th governor-general returned an answer, dated 9t Jan. 1799, again propofing a negociation, an urging the fultan not to delay his anfwer beyon one day. To this no answer was received till th 13th Feb. when a letter without a date arrived stating, that he "was setting out on a huntin expedition, and begging his Lordship to fend Ma jor Doveton flightly attended." Mean time th Gov.-Gen, fearing the approach of the monfoor had ordered Lieut.-Gen. Harris to enter Myfor with his army, and in his reply to Tippoo, in formed him, that Gen. Harris was now the onl perfon authorised to receive his communications with a view to the restoration of peace. The re duction of the fort of SERINGAPATAM was now the primary object of Gen. Harris, whofe fir movement was on the 11th of Feb. The Nizam contingent, confifting of 12,000 foot and 6000 ca valry, joined the British army on the 18th, an next day Gen. Harris forwarded the governor' letter to the fultan, published his lordship's decla ration in name of the allies, and began hoftilitie by fending a detachment against the hill forts o Neeldurgum and Auchitty, which furrendered with out refiftance. On the 7th March, Odeadurgun furrendered to Col. Oliver, and next day for Ruttingheri was taken after a flight refiftance The army under Gen. Harris confifted of 31,00 men, befides the Nizam's cavalry, all completel equipped. The army under Gen. Stuart, on th Malabar coaft, was equally efficient. Between th 9th and the 14th March, the army under Gen Harris changed its pofitions from Kelamungalum to Callacondapilly, Anicul, and Bangalore; nea which laft place, about 4000 of Tippoo's horf appeared, but, after a few shots from the Briti field-pieces, drew off. On the 16th the army tool the rout of Cankanelli; and on the 20th and 211 encamped 7 miles N. of it. They now learned that Tippoo was within 15 miles; and on the 23d, as they approached Sultanpettah, a clou of duft fhewed that he was in motion. He had in fact quitted his polition on the bank of th Maddoor, (where he might have difputed th pallage) and encamped at Mallavelly. Inftead o oppofing the British in this quarter, he on the 6t March paffed his own frontier, and attacked a par of the Bombay army under Gen. Stuart, not ex ceeding 6000 men; who, notwithstanding Tip poo's force confifted of 11,800 of his best troops repulfed him with confiderable lofs. Upon thi he retreated to Seringapatam, and on the 14t advanced to meet Gen. Harris. On the 25th th British army encamped 5 miles E. of Mallavelly and on the 27th came within fight of the fultan A general engagement took place, but was fhort duration, the enemy retiring with their gun to the next height. Their lofs was estimate

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