To be published by the same Author.

WALKS ON DECK AND RAMBLES ON SHORE,

ON A VOYAGE OF

CIRCUMNAVIGATION OF THE EARTH,

BY THE ROUTES OF

THE ISTHMUS OF SUEZ AND THE ISTHMUS OF PANAMA.

PERFORMED

Between the 4th of March and 18th of November, 1853, including a visit of about three months to the Australian Colonies.

N.B. The voyage was premeditated, and was performed continuously by the overland route through Egypt to Australia, and thence across the Pacific to Valparaiso and Panama, and home by the West Indies to Southampton.

The author has attempted to describe oceanic steam navigation as a powerful civilising agent in the world; as also to describe the vast resources in military and naval strongholds possessed by Great Britain as a means to extend and uphold civil and religious freedom all round the globe. It will be seen that this nation does not employ its great power for those objects to the extent that it might do, and as it ought to do. He also points out the great importance, as commercial and political positions, of the isthmii of Suez and Panama. A personal narrative of the incidents of the voyage is interwoven in the work.

THEIR ORIGIN, PROGRESS, AND THE ABUSES OF THE CROSS

AS DEVISED AND ENFORCED BY THE BISHOPS OF ROME.

BY JAMES J. MACINTYRE,

=

AUTHOR OF THE INFLUENCE OF ARISTOCRACIES ON REVOLUTIONS," ETC.

DIVINITY SUHOOL

LIBRARY.

HARVARD

UNIVERSITY

LONDON:

ADAM SCOTT, CHARTERHOUSE SQUARE.

1854.

THE first draught of this work was written several years ago, as a research into a curious part of the archaiology of politico-ecclesiastical history, and the whole work was re-written and enlarged, after the outbreak of the great European revolution of 1848, and during the agitation in this country, caused by the intrusive and aggressive attempt of the bishop and political ruler of the Roman States, to establish his hierarchy, and extend his influence in England.

As those events concerned the honour, and affected the interests of this nation, the questions investigated and discussed in this work, assumed a practical bearing, and led to results which were not expected, on first entering into the subjects.

The extent to which Protestant Britain has retained many of the forms, customs, and practices of the old Roman Church, is calculated to excite surprise and regret, and it is submitted to the sound judgment and good sense of the Protestant inhabitants of this country, on political principles, whether it be proper and seemly, to allow the insidious intermeddling of an Italian priest in these islands, and to retain the banners, badges, and titles of a bygone system of spiritual despotism.

There can be no doubt of the almost universal