which are or may be endowed under the provisions of the act of congress of July 2d, 1862. SEC. 8. All funds derived from the sale of land scrip issued to the state of Ohio by the United States, in pursuance of the aforesaid act of congress, together with the interest accumulated thereon, shall constitute a part of the irreducibie debt of the state, the interest upon which, as provided by the act of February 10, 1870 (O. L., volume 67, page 15), shall be paid to the university by the auditor of state, upon the requisition of the commissioners of the sinking fund, issued on the certificate of the secretary of the board of trustees, that the same has been appropriated by said trustees to the endowment, support and maintenance of the university, as provided in the act of congress aforesaid. SEC. 9. That said board of trustees shall fix the compensation for the faculty, teachers, and all other employés of the university: provided, that the compensation for the services of the president of said university shall not exceed three thousand dollars, and that of the professors twenty-five hundred dollars per annum. SEC. 10. It shall be the duty of the board of trustees, in connection with the faculty of the university, to provide for the teaching of such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts, mines and mine engineering, and military tactics, and such other scientific and classic studies as the resources of the fund will permit; but no student will be required to study military tactics or take part in military drill, or provide any military or particular uniform, except those who elect to study military tactics. SEC. 11. That the act passed April 20, 1877 (O. L., volume 74, page 100), entitled an act to regulate the Ohio agricultural and mechanical college in Ohio, and to repeal certain acts therein named," and all parts of acts repealed by said act, are hereby repealed. SEC. 12. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage. Under this act Governor R. M. Bishop appointed the following Board of Trustees : Hon. James B. Jamison. S. H. Ellis.... Hon. Stephen Johnston... Hon. T. J. Godfrey Alston Ellis.... T. Ewing Miller. Hon J. H. Anderson Cadiz, Harrison county, for one year. Springboro, Warren county, for two years. .Piqua, Miami county, for three years. Celina, Mercer county, for four years. ..Hamilton, Butler county, for five years. ..Columbus, Franklin county, for six years. .Columbus, Franklin county, for seven years. At their meeting in May, 1878, the officers of the Board were chosen as follows: In regard to the change of name effected by this legislation, it is to remarked that it was made without consultation with a single member of the Board of Trustees or of the Faculty. The President of the Faculty had called the attention of the Trustees and through them, of the legislature to the desirability of change of name in several of his annual reports for the following reasons, viz.: that the old designation was a misleading one to many, as experience had shown, that it was unfairly divided in practice, the first half becoming in reality the designation, and that it was unnecessarily cumbrous when used entire. It is safe to say that the particular name fixed upon would not have been selected by the Faculty, because it seems to them to cover more ground than at present belongs to the institution. It is proper to say, however, in emphatic terms that it is not because the institution is ashamed of its connection with agriculture and the mechanic arts that a change of its old designation was asked for. The present President of the State Board of Agriculture was a member of the Senate committee by whom this change of name was proposed. It is fair to suppose that if he had seen any express or implied affront to the great interest that he specially represents, he would have been quick to resent it. But the change was made without protest from him and, as is understood, with his hearty sanction. The courses of instruction have been changed since that date, only in the direction of rendering them more practical. The Ohio State University is somewhat more serviceable, by reason of increased facilities, to agriculture and the mechanic arts than the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College was. Experimental work upon the college farm is being gradually developed. A tract of about ten acres is largely devoted to this purpose now, and every crop that is grown on the farm is made, if possible, to furnish some testimony on new or disputed points. It is to be remembered that experimental agriculture is in every way costly, and that the land grant income can not be legitimately used for such purposes. Provision for this line of work should be made in annual appropriation of moderate amount from the State treasury. A beginning has been made in stocking the farm with good representatives of the several breeds of domestic animals-especially cattle and swine. The last legislature made a small appropriation for this purpose, and it is to this source that we must look for additional. The agricultural department is gathering constantly the materials for illustration of this great subject. Veterinary science, in its elements at least, is made prominent, and specimens are being collected by which. the teachings given are made effective and clear. This is the only institution in the State in which a professorship of agriculture is established. The occupant of this chair in the University 18 very widely and favorably known to the farmers of Ohio, having served in various honorable capacities for forty years. While the wide field of agriculture might seem entitled to more than one professorship in the University, it is to be remembered that several other departments are working as efficiently in supporting it as if they came under its special name-zoology, the study of animal life; botany, the study of plants; chemistry, the science that underlies almost all others; and physics, which treats of the general laws of matter, are all made tributary to the student of agriculture. The farmers of Ohio will find here, if they choose to use them, opportunities for educating their children and themselves in th great applications of science to their own calling. What the institution can do for them has been implied rather than fully stated. But the half has not been told, even in the way of suggestions. It they would earnestly avail themselves of its advantages, and unitedly work to extend these advantages, the practice of this all important calling in the State would be revolutionized in a dozen years; wise husbandry would replace the exhausting and impoverishing system that now so largely prevails. The elements of wealth would be retained in or re'urned to the soil. Skillful care combined with adequate knowledge would escape the dreadful tax in the loss of domestic animals that ignorance and neglect now annually entail upon the State. Attention has been called to what the University can do for one great interest of the body politic. It belongs to no one interest, but owes equal allegiance to all; but those who come first will be served first. If the farmers of the State could see the subject aright they would look to it that the department of agriculture never lacked for the presence of earnest and successful students. One such student in a community may do a great deal to awaken attention, and reform practice, and extend a rational system. The expenses of education in the University are kept at the lowest point. Tuition is free, and board is brought down to most reasonable rates. The equipment of the institution is superior in most branches of science to that of any other institution in the West. Not less than $30,000 has been spent in the outfit of laboratories and museums. The system of instruction is eminently practical, the student learning, as far as possible, by being brought into direct and personal contact with the facts with which he deals. Mechanic arts, which are made equally prominent in the organic act with agriculture, and which the well trained farmer needs to know in the elements at least, are now admirably provided for through the wise liberality of the last Legislature. About $10,000 were voted for building and equipping a mechanical laboratory. This building is now well under way, and the equipment will equal all the present necessities of the State in the elements of wood and iron work. A list of the faculty and departments of the University, as at present constituted, is herewith appended: FACULTY. EDWARD ORTON, PH.D., M.D., Professor of General and Applied Chemistry. JOSEPH MILLIKIN, A.M., Professor of English Language and Literature, and of the French and German Languages. NORTON S. TOWNSHEND, M.D., R. W. MCFARLAND, A.M., ALBERT H. TUTTLE, M.Sc., Professor of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy. LUIGI LOMIA, M.SC., First Lieut. Fifth Artillery, U. S. A.; Professor of Military Science and Tactics, and Adjunct Professor of Mathematics. S. W. ROBINSON, C. E., JOSIAH R. SMITH, A.B., Assistant Professor of the Latin and Greek Languages. NAT. W. LORD, M.E., Assistant Professor of Mining and Metallurgy. JOHN T. SHORT, A.M., Assistant Professor of History and Philosophy. THOMAS MATTHEW, Instructor in Free-hand and Mechanical Drawing. ALICE WILLIAMS, Assistant in Department of Modern Languages. BRIEF HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE. IMPORTANT TO ALL COUNTRIES, ESPECIALLY THE UNITED STATES. [From speech of Hon. H. G. Davis, in the Senate of the United States, Jan. 14, 1879.] The Senate having under consideration concurrent resolution in relation to the advancement of agricultural interests, Mr. Davis, Senator from West Virginia, said: Mr. President: I move to take up the concurrent resolution offered by me early in December, in relation to the advancement of agricultural interests. The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to consider the following resolution submitted by Mr. Davis, of West Virginia, December 4, 1878: WHEREAS, Agriculture is the foundation of nearly all our wealth, and it is mainly through the exportation of its products that we are paying off our large indebtedness, foreign and domestic, and have the present large balance of trade in our favor; and WHEREAS, although about one-half of the people of this country are engaged in agricultural pursuits, and all other interests are dependent upon this, our leading and most. important interest, commercial and otherwise, yet but little has been done by the General Government to promote agriculture, while other less general and important interests have been largely aided; therefore, Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That the committees on agriculture of the respective houses be, and they are hereby, instructed to consider generally the subject of agriculture, and report, by bill or otherwise, what can or ought to be done by the General Government to better advance, encourage, and foster agricultural interests, and that said committees shall have the power to send for persons and papers. Mr. Davis, of West Virginia: Mr. President, in inviting the attention of the Senate to this resolution, and asking its passage, I feel that there is no subject of more importance and more moment to the country, none around which so many interests cluster and in which so many center, as American agriculture. It is a subject so broad, so national, so universal, so non-partisan, so nonsectional, so far-reaching in its effects and important in its results, that it should at once command the patient attention of all, and in its consideration party feeling and party passion should have no voice. |