fubfcriptions to the diftreffed. This perfume diffufed in your lifetime is the best proof of a charitable heart, and fully manifests its fincerity. It will fpread alfo an odour upon your name, whilft you are alive, ftronger than that of precious ointment; ⚫ and embalm you, when dead, beyond all the arts of Egypt.

After the fermon is a report of the ftate of the infirmary, with an abstract of the accompts from its first inftitution, and a lut of the prefent annual fubfcribers, by which it appears to be one of the best conducted, and beft fupported charities in the kingdom.

Art.25. An humble Apple, for the Quakers, addressed to Great and Small. Occafioned by certain grofs abuses and imperfect vindications of that people, relative to the late public Faft. To which are added obfervations on a new pamphlet, intituled A Brief View of the Conduct of Pennfylvania for the year 1755, So far as to fhew the real fpirit and defign of that angry writer. And alfo a fairer method pointed out, than that contained in the Brief State of Pennfylvania, to prevent the incroachments of the French, and reftore quiet to the province. Crowder. Pr. 6d.

Our apologift endeavours, in this little pamphlet, to vindicate the conduct of the Quakers, who, he affures us, are a harmless, peaceable people, breathing nothing but good-will to their fellowcreatures; but the piety, fingularity, and precifenefs (fays he) of 'God's people (modeftly meaning the Quakers) has been difpleafing to the world in all ages. Hence they profecute, hence they offend, ⚫ and to them belongs the woe our Saviour denounces, "Woe be "to them by whom offences come. Whofo fhall offend one of "these little ones, it were better that a mill-ftone were hanged about "his neck, and that he was drowned in the Depth of the fea." * Mat. xviii.' That is, a man had better be hanged or drowned than not love the Quakers. He then affures us, that King George reigns deeply in their hearts; but they cannot give up their religious principles or practice to him, becaule the divine peace is better than the friendship of Princes. In regard to their behaviour in Penfylvania, he tells us, that the Quakers are principled against bearing of arins, and will fooner die than violate their principle, which is certainly a very good reafon for their not fighting; for it would be abfurd in any man to defend himfelf, when it is his duty to ftand ftill, and be knock'd in the head. This is, however, a principle which we would not at the prefent juncture recommend to our Admirals or Generals, though we are not certain whether one of the former did not call at Pennsylvania in his way to Port-Mabon.

N B. The Author of the Chriflian Apology, will be taken notice of in our next.

THE

CRITICAL REVIEW.

For the Month of September, 1756.

ARTICLE I

ATreatife on the three medicinal MINERAL WATERS at Llandrindod, in Radnorfhire, South Wales. With fome remarks on mineral and fossil mixtures, in their native veins and beds 3 at least as far as refpects their influence on water. By Diederick Weffel Linden, M. D. 8vo. Pr. 5. Qwen.

HIS performance is published by subscription in a small

THE

octavo volume, digested into books, and subdivided into chapters; and the author, in his preface, without denying that he partly was induced by motives of intereft to favour the world with this production, gives us to understand that he was chiefly influenced by the defire of being beneficial to his fellowcreatures, and the fuggeftions of gratitude, he himself hav-. ing been surprisingly cured of an inveterate fcorbutic ulcer, by using the waters of Llandrindod.

From the former works of this teutonic phyfician, as well as from the performance now before us, we may venture to affirm, that he not only has been converfant with the most intricate proceffes of what is now called chymistry; but is alfo an adept in the more abftrufe science of alchymy, as he talks of the mercury in the vegetable and animal kingdoms, and concludes that the gas fylveftre of Helmont, or vapour produced in fermentation, is no other than that mercurius metallorum. Befides, he poffeffes another quality of a true alchyVOL. II.

H

mist,

mist, namely, that of being fometimes fo dark and mysterious, that none but adepts can understand his meaning.

His introduction contains a topographical defcription of Llandrindod, with an account of the foil and atmosphere; which laft, he fays, is as pure as that of Montpelier, and from the fine, wholefome, well fermented malt liquor brewed upon the spot, concludes, that every thing thereabout is endowed with falutary properties. Then he fuppofes that coal is contained in the mineral zonic of Llandrinded, proceeds to mention the manner in which the waters were brought in repute, and concludes with a panegyric upon Mr. William Grosvenor, the publican of the place, whofe malt liquor the doctor feems to have fome particular reafon for extolling.

In the first book we meet with a 'detail of common experiments on the rock water of Llandrindod, from whence he concludes that it participates of iron, falt, fulphur, and vitriol, and may be termed Salino-fulphureo-chalybeat-no offence to the learned Dr. Lucas. Our chymift, after having given his reafons for fuppofing that there is a borax in the falt of this water, and defcribed from Hoffman the ætherial, elastic, velatile fpirit with which the water is impregnated, proceeds to infert a letter, in which there is a curious account of the Chevron or Bru waters, about five miles from the Pouhon Spa in Germany.

"London, October 14.

"My Lord, "In obedience to your lordship's commands, I shall now give "fome account of the Chevron and Bru waters; or attempt

to prove, by experiments, their pernicious qualities. It is "really furprising, that any perfons, of the leaft understanding, fhould be prepoffelfed in favour of this liquid poison. For, from what I have been able to gather, the brisk sparkling of the water alone has led them to conclude, that it "must be endued with fanative virtues. But I fhall endeavour "to convince your lordship, in the courfe of this letter, that "the fparkling quality, for which it is fo much esteemed, "ought, on the contrary, to deter the human fpecies from "the ufe of it; as it does brute animals.

"The

The college of physicians at Liege, in the year 1711, "made a public declaration against the ufe of Chevron or Bru waters; in which they observed, among other particulars, "That these waters receive a deeper tincture, with galls, than thofe of the Pouhon Spa, by reafon of a fharp vitriolous and fixed falt, wherewith they are impregnated. They proceed with a deal of hypothetical closet-jargon, which, upon the "whole, amounts to no more than this; That the Bru wa❝ters have done much mischief, and that the many melan

σε

choly confequences enfuing therefrom, had obliged them "to protest against their ufe. This, your lordship will eafily "perceive, is no more than what any common empiric, quite "ignorant of nature, might have faid; as he could readily "observe, that the votaries to these waters were quickly car"ried to the other world; but what thefe pernicious qualities "ate, which produced thefe fatal effects, they have not attempted to demonftrate. However, this fhall not be the "prefent cafe; for I will not only impeach the Bru water, "but also prove, by indifputable experiments, what are its "poisonous contents.

"This Bru water (from which I have extracted the æthe«rial mineral spirits) actually contains a perfect arsenic; and "the arfenical particles are principally lodged in the sparkles "that fo plentifully appear in the water; confequently, if a "large quantity of it is taken, it will act, in all respects, as ❝ common arsenic, and destroy the patient; hence it is, that "all who use it, die of the fame confumption that is incident દરે to fmelters and artificers in metals; becaufe, as moft me"tals contain arfenic, the bellon, or finelters confumption, is peculiarly occafioned by it.

"The iron contents in the Bru waters are, by the arfenic "in them, brought into spicular forms, like darts; as may clearly be obferved through a magnifying glass, when pre"cipitated out of the water; so that when they meet with a « costive constitution, or a preffure of the excrements, they

tear the smaller veffels of the intrails; and from hence it. "is, that frequent inward bleedings are caufed by Bru wa

*ters.

H2

"Thefe,

"Thefe, my Lord, are their hurtful qualities; which in"deed are fuch, as will induce any confiderate person to de"teft them, if he has the leaft regard to the preservation of ❝his health; and that these accufations are wholly built upon "facts, will fully appear to your Lordship from the following "experiments.

66 Exper. 1. Take of Tunbridge, Iflington, or any other "volatile chalybeate water, a large bottle-full, at the fpring"head; and immediately after it is filled, fix a glass or iron "tube upon the water in the neck of the bottle, and ftop the "fpace between the bottle and the tube elofe; but let that "part of the tube that is out of the bottle extend. downwards "and be fo formed, as to have a wide-fpreading opening at "the end, like the mouth of a funnel. Under this put two, "drams of arfenic, and two drams of brimftone, well mixed "together; then fet them on fire, fo that the smoak of this, "mixture may pass through the pipe, upon the water in the "bottle; which, by means of this arfenical fmoak, will, in "less than five minutes, become, in every respect, a perfect. "Bru water, and bear exportation.

"Exper. 2. Precipitate the iron earth out of the chalybeate water that has been treated with arfenical finoak, as direct"ed in the foregoing experiment; and then it will appear, "through a magnifying glass, all in fpicula, like unto sharp"pointed darts.

"Exper. 3. Precipitate the earth out of Bru water, and "compare it with that obtained by the fecond experiment ;. "when it will be found equal, in every respect, without any "manner of difference whatever.

"Exper. 4. Precipitate the earth out of fome of the wa"ter of the fame fpring from whence that of the firft experi"ment was taken, and also the earth out of fome of the Pouhon "water, and examine and compare them with that of the first "experiment, and that obtained from the Bru water; and "they will not be found alike, in any fhape; but the two firft will appear in fmall atoms, that cannot poffibly do any

hurt whatever.

"These sharp-pointed darts proceed intirely from arfenic; "which, when mixed with metalline or mineral contents,