he early imbibes a prejudice in favour of the common notion; and He cannot without great difficulty be brought to believe, that the tranflators of the Greek text have led him into an error, and that the word αιώνιος, which they have tranflated everlasting, has not that extenfive import. On this point, with which our author begins, we with that he had dwelt longer, as the great hinge of the question turns on the meaning of the word. The other arguments, however, in fupport of final falvation, are brought forward in fuch a manner as to reflect great credit on his reading and judgement, and to merit the attention of those who are not loft in the prejudice of their fect or party, and who wish to fee, in a fhort compafs, the principal points that can be urged in favour of a benevolent, if an erroneous, pofition. That the fcriptures do not maintain the eternity of torment to any individual, is our firm opinion: that the ruler of the world will do right, no one can hesitate to affert: but in what manner the virtuous fhall be feparated from the wicked on the day of the refurrection, will remain to that moment involved in awful obfcurity.

The Tocfin; or an Appeal to Good Senfe. By the Rev. L. Dutens, Hiftoriographer to his Majefty, Rector of Elfdon in Northumber land, and F. R. S. Tranflated from the French, by the Rev. Thomas Falconer. 8vo. Is. 6d. Cadell and Davies. 1798.

This work was first published at Rome in 1769. The purpose of the writer was to warn the public of the atheistical confpiracy which was then in agitation. It is now reprinted in the hope that it may aid the caufe of Chriftianity against the efforts of that philofophy which is hoftile to revealed religion. It comprehends the ufual arguments in favour of Chriftianity, enforced by a contrast of its beneficial effects with the gloomy tendencies of Deism and Materialism..

An Appeal to the Nation, on the Subject of Mr. Gilbert Wakefield's Letter to William Wilberforce, Efq. M. P. To which are fubjoined Four Sermons, on important Subjects, connected with the Appeal. By the Rev. George Hutton, B. D, Sc. 8vo. 35. Cadell and Davies. 1798.

This appeal is written with a good intention; but the nation wil not have the patience to read it. We used our utmost exertions to get through it. We found paragraphs of feveral pages in length, periods of a page, the matter alfo as heavy as the manner! The nation, perhaps, would fooner give up its right of determining on the merits of Mr. Wilberforce and his antagonist, than liften to this accufation of the one and defence of the other. The fermons are on fubjects of great importance; but they labour under the preffure of the author's ftyle. So ftrong a foporific has not for a long time fallen into our hands.

Sermon preached at the Vifitation, held in Grantham, May 14, 1798; and dedicated, with due Refpe&, to the Rev. John Pretyman, D. D. Archdeacon, and to the Clergy of the Hundred of Beltifhloe. By Samuel Hopkinfon, B. D. late Fellow of Clare-Hall, and Vicar of Morton. 8vo. 15. Newbery. 1798.

From 1 John, iv. 1. this author takes occafion to remind his brethren of the neceffity of diftinguishing that which is most proper and most acceptable to God, of all the various modes in which he has been worshiped. From this he paffes to a history of me thodism, the merits and defects of which are candidly ftated: then is introduced the old ftory of the living of Aldwincle; and, in the conclufion, the clergy are exhorted to a more ferious and ftriking mode of performing the funeral fervice. Mr. Hopkinson's fentiments towards diffenters are liberal, and his concern for the profperity of the church is worthy of praife; but his manner of treating the topics of his difcourfe is rather unconnected, and his style is confufed by a mixture of brief quotations from the Bible, Horace,' Virgil, Shakspeare, Pope, Junius, Gibbon, Soame Jenyns, and Blair!

A Difcourfe, delivered in the Church of St. John Baptift, Wakefield, June the 25th, 1798, before the Society of Free and Accepted Mafons of the Lodge of Unanimity. (No. 202) and a numerous Affembly of Vifiting Brethren from the Lodges of Leeds, Sheffield, Halifax, and Huddersfield. By Brother the Rev. Richard Munk houfe, D. D. Svo. 15. Cawthorn. 1798.

This fermon contains a more pompous panegyric on the virtues of free-masonry than has been usual on fuch occafions. The author's zeal carries him great, and fometimes whimfical, lengths in elevating the craft above the rest of mankind. Perhaps, indeed, fince the appearance of profeffor Robifon's work, it may be neceffary to recover loft ground. Noah's ark, we are told, was the first lodge; and the brethren are invited to that heavenly lodge, where the Almighty himself fits as grand mafter ! Are not fuch allufions too familiar? Would it not have been better, if the preacher had exhorted his hearers (to use another of his phrases) to tyle their hearts against every thing that tends to leffen the refpect due to the Almighty ?

A Sermon, preached at the Confecration of a Chapel at Cradley by the Right Reverend the Lord Bishop of Worcester, on Wednesday the 12th of September, 1798, by the Rev. John Plumptre, M. A &c. 8vo. 6d. Robinfons. 1798.

We let you here into the fecret, how truly to appretiate the things of this world; - how to pafs with comfort and fecurity through this world; and we conduct you, when this world fhall be no more, to a world of happinefs and immortality hereafter.'

P. 16.

If the minifter had been contented with letting his congregation into the fecret, this difcourfe would, without farther publication, have answered all the good purposes which it is intended to pro

mote.

An Extract from the Journal of Mr. John Nelson, Preacher of the Gofpel, &c. Written by Himself. 12mo. Is. Lee and Hurst. 1798.

From the title of this work, our readers may fuppofe it calcuJated for the followers of John Wefley's itinerant converts. From a mafon, Mr. Nelfon became a preacher, and afterwards, unwillingly, a foldier; but lady Huntingdon procured his discharge. He appears to be a well-meaning enthufiatt, with some portion of shrewdness,

MEDICINE.

A Treatise on the Caufes and Cure of Swelled Legs; on Dropfies, and on the Modes of Retarding the Decay of the Conflitution in the Decline of Life; with the Defcription of a New-Invented Inftrument for drawing off the Water, in Female Dropfies, &c. By William Rowley, M. D. &c. To which is added, a Tract on the abfolute Neceffity of Encouraging the Study of Anatomy, &c. &c. Svo. 2s. 6d. Newbery. 1796.

The works of Dr. Rowley generally meet with our approbation. We find clearnefs and fimplicity in his views and plans; and, when fuccefs does not follow our imitation of them, we are led ra ther to blame our own want of discrimination or of perseverance, than the author. Perhaps each may be in fault; and the latter, feduced by the fimplicity of his objects and his means, may fometimes confider them as more fuccessful than they really are.

2

The prefent work contains a valuable account of what relates to the undisputed caufes and the most fuccefsful remedies of dropfies, unencumbered with doubtful theories or unjuft prepoffeffions. The alterative part of the plan requires a few words of explanation. Dropfies are known not to be often idiopathic difeafes: they are moft frequently fymptoms of difeafed vifcera. But, when fuch primary affections are not evident, they are fometimes to be fu-` fpected; and, when no decifive fymptoms of fuch affections appear, the obftinacy of the dropfy leads to farther inveftigation. thefe circumftances, our author recommends fteel and mercury, feemingly with a view to a diseased liver. The latter we have long fince fuppofed likely to be ferviceable, as a general ftimulant, to fupport the due action of the fanguiferous fyftem, or even to induce an increafed action. The idea was borrowed from the French practitioners, who alternate or join cordials and evacuants; but, with the latter, as with the former, our fuccefs has not hitherto been confiderable.

In

The concluding tract, on the expediency of encouraging the ftu dy of anatomy, particularly for the purpose of supplying the army and navy with skilful physicians and furgeons, deferves our praise A Treatise on Scrophulous Difeafes, fhewing the Good Effects of Factitious Airs: Illuftrated with Cafes and Obfervations. By Charles Brown. Svo. 35. 6d. Beards, Glendinning. 1798. The diseases of which our author treats, as fpecies or forms of fcrofula, are the ufual tumours denominated fcrofulous, phthifis, tabes fcrofulofa, ophthalmia tarfi, hydarthus (white fwellings), bronchocele, hydrocephalus, lumbar abfcefs, and rachitis. These are all, in his opinion, fcrofulous diforders, and may be cured by vital air, though he condefcends to join other remedies, particularly mercurial purgatives and blifters.

We were not prejudiced in favour of this young writer from his denying, with little reserve, what general experience has established, that fcrofula is an hereditary disease. We are constrained to remark, that an overweening conceit, and an undisguised contempt of men of learning and abilities, pervade his work. With refpect to the difeafes in queftion, we must allow, that, if vital air fails, little time and few advantages will be loft by the delay, as the ufual medicines do not often fucceed. Mr. Brown, however, ought to reflect that experience has not found vital air useful in phthifis, but with reafon prefers its oppofite, hydrogen; and that faline applications and fea-bathing have been really advantageous in fcrofula, though they contain or communicate no oxygen.

Though Mr. Brown may now, from youth and confidence, be fuperior to the dull drudgery of accumulating facts, he, like every young author, will find, that, as he advances in years, he increases in doubt, and that the real effect of learning and experience is to fuggest timid hesitation and apprehenfive diffidence.

Medical Difcipline; or, Rules and Regulations for the most Effec tual Prefervation of Health on Board the Honourable Eaft India Company's Ships. In a Letter addreffed to the Hon. the Court of Directors, and published with their Approbation. By Alexander Stewart, 12m0. 2s. 6d. Johnfon. 1798.

We are pleafed with this little work; and, with a few exceptions, we recommend its regulations to the attention of the court of directors. The exceptions are not important, and need not be particularly noticed, as they fcarcely diminish the value of the whole.

BOTANY.

Obfervations on the Structure and Economy of Plants: to which is added, an Analogy between the Animal and Vegetable Kingdom. By Robert Hooper, M. D. F. L. M. S. and Fellow of the Linnean Society. 8vo. 35. 6d. Boards. Rivingtons. 1798.

The extenfive knowledge of the vegetable kingdom, the judicious

felection of inftances, and the perfpicuous abftract of the principal facts, difplayed in this volume, demand our warm approbation. We have a correct view not only of the vegetable economy, but of its parallel or contraft with the animal; and the reader will here find the fubftance of many volumes. We do not enlarge on the obfervations, because they pretend not to novelty: we strongly recommend them, because they are judicious and inftructive.

Synopfis Plantarum Infulis Britannicis indigenarum, complectens Characteres genericos et fpecificos fecundum Syftema fexuale diftributos, curante F. Symons, A. R. Societ. Lin. Socio.

A Synopfis of British Plants, including the generic and Specific Cha racters, diftributed according to the fexual Syftem; edited by J. Symons. 12mo. 55. Boards. White. 1798.

This is an improved edition of Broughton's Enchiridion. The catalogue is that of the third edition of Withering, with a few additions of plants fince discovered. The effential characters are taken from the 13th edition of the Syftem of Nature, the 14th of the Syftem of Vegetables, and the fecond of the Species Plantarum. The cryptogamiæ are defective: we find only the ferns, and fome miscellaneous genera, chiefly flags. This fynopfis, however, may be recommended to our botanical readers as worthy of their

attention.

EDUCATION.

Analysis of Education: and Plan of a Seminary for Young Ladies : with the Form of Morning and Evening Prayers used at Sutton Houfe. By Mifs Jones. 4to. Is. Longman. 1798.

Every circumftance of moment, relative to female education, is mentioned in this analyfis. There is little, if any, novelty in the performance, though many of the remarks are not injudicious. The prayers, we think, are not well compiled or felected.

The Infant's Friend. Part I. A Spelling Book.-Part II. Reading Leffons. By Mrs. Lovechild. 12mo. 15. 8d. Newbery.

1797.

It is fufficient to say of these little volumes, that they are well calculated for early inftruction.

Parfing Leffons for Young Children: refolved into their Elements, for the Aftance of Parents and Teachers. By Mrs. Lovechild 12mo. Newbery. 1798.

Parfing Leons for Elder Pupils.

These productions will be found particularly ufeful to those parents who are not converfant in the principles of grammar; and their utility will alfo be felt in diminishing the trouble of others who undertake the task of teaching children.