waking hours, and moreover was not of the most tranquil disposition. But I believe that any one who should attempt to follow his example, would severely suffer for his imprudence. The mind requires regular rest as much as the body, and does not so soon recover from any excess of exertion. But it is the tendency of the present state of society in England to produce unnatural exertions. Stage-coach-horses, and walkers against time, are not the only creatures that are worked to death in this country. Many are the labourers (and it is the most sober and industrious upon whom the evil falls,) who by task-work, or by working what are called days and quarters, prepare for themselves a premature old age. And many are the youths who, while they are studying for University honours, rise early and sit up late, have recourse to art for the purpose of keeping their jaded faculties wakeful, and irretrievably injure their health for ever, if this intemperance of study does not cost them their lives. We are bound over to the service of the world.-p. 166. * Quod à prisco poetá dictum est, verum esse non dubitem : Exigua pars est vitæ quam nos vivimus.' "Cæterùm quidem omne vitæ spatium, non vita, sed tempus est. Urgentia nos circumstant cùm negotia, tum vitia, et in cupiditatibus infixos premunt. Vix unquam nobis ad nos recurrere icet nobis ipsi rarissimè vacamus, sed aliis: nemo ferè suus est. Qui pecuniam suam dividere velit, nullus est; vitam miserrimè laceramus, et modò in hæc, modò in illa negotia partimur, sæpe vana et inutilia. Ita magnam partem exigimus non vivendo; certe non cælo, non Deo vivimus.-Drexelius, tom. i. p. 45. Ætern. Prod. * Publio mimographo. An anonymous poet of the Puritan age has some remarkable verses upon this subject among many bad ones of the rankest raving fanaticism. Pass, World, along with all thy pompous train! Go ruffling in thy pride, thy richest show, Contemn the World?..I would, were it worth contempt! I'd have the World at will; and yet I care No more for't than to buy me food and frieze: My building soul; and when my master sees It meet, lay it by. And this is all I care for the careful World, To keep it by my hand, and from my heart. Soliliquies Theological, by J. S. gent. 1641. pp. 187-8. We are as it were bound over to the service of the World.-p. 166. Many of us," says Paley," are brought up with this world set before us, and nothing else. Whatever promotes this world's prosperity is praised; whatever hurts and obstructs and prejudices this world's prosperity, is blamed; and there all praise and censure end. We see mankind about us in motion and action, but all these motions and actions directed to worldly objects. We hear their conversation, but it is all the same way. And this is what we see and hear from the first. The views which are continually placed before our eyes, regard this life alone and its interests. Can it then be wondered at, that an early worldly-mindedness is bred in our hearts so strong as to shut out heavenly-mindedness entirely?" -Sermon I. There is a nation of warriors in Hindostan who call their Deity All-Steel. p. 169. The Sikhs, who are at present the most formidable people in that country. They are required to have steel about them in some shape, which is generally that of a knife or dagger. In support of this ordinance they quote these verses of Guru Govind, who made them a military sect: "The protection of the infinite Lord is over us: thou art the Lord, the cutlass, the knife, and the dagger. The protection of the Immortal Being is over us the protection of ALL-STEEL is over us: the protection of ALL TIME is over us: the protection of ALL-STEEL is constantly over us."-Sir John Malcolm. Asiatic Researches, vol. ii. p. 253. 8vo. edition. They address the Goddess Bhavani Durga thus: "Thou art the edge of the sword: thou art the arrow, the sword, the knife, and the dagger." (Ibid. 283.) "Durga," says Guru Govind," appeared to me when I was asleep, arrayed in all her glory. The Goddess put into my hand the hilt of a bright scimitar, which she had before held in her own. "The country of the Mahommedans,' said the Goddess, shall be conquered by thee, and numbers of that race shall be slain.' After I had heard this, I exclaimed, This steel shall be the guard to me and my followers, because in its lustre the splendour of thy countenance, O Goddess! is always reflected.”— Ibid. p. 287. 6 ... Rather than have been born and bred to a large fortune, I should deem it better for myself always to live precariously, and die poor at last.-p. 193. Nicolas Clenard has left a pleasant picture of a scholar's feeling concerning riches in the little volume of his Letters. "Memini me quandoque leviter abs te castigatum, quòd ad rem parum attentus essem, et parandum etiam senectutis viaticum. Hactenus non induxi animum, ut aliquid prospicerem in posterum, nec adhuc mihi possum illud imperare. Spero dabit locus exilii mei victum exuli, quocunque me Deus miserit: quod si nihil reliquum est in patriâ, quod me reducem queat alere, moriar peregre, et studiis meis morem geram, potius quam illic nemini. Nam de parandis hic opibus, quemadmodum plerique putant, ut benè saginatus domum revertar, id verò somnium est. Habentes victum et amictum, his contenti simus, et ut cum Flacco dicam, Spes nummaria non me fecit erronem, sed oci desiderium; id colente Domino consecutus sum profundissimum; non est animus præsenti oblatá occasione non uti. Valeant qui crastina curant. Scio te ridere stultitiam meam, ipse tamen me hoc nomine non possum ridere, et ideo tibi forsitan magis ridiculus videor. Verùm quid facias, si aliquis me ita incantavit, ut nolim ullo pacto sollicitus esse de crastino?...Unicus semper mihi fuit scopus, è turbis illis eripi quas præbebat patria, satis mihi beatus videor, quod vel tandem peregrè contigerit. Nihil amplius opto, quàm ut Deus hanc mentem mihi sempiternet, ocium præsens conservet, et qui vivere non cupiam valde dives, ne unquam sic desipeam, ut dives velim mori."-Nic. Clenardi Peregrinationum, ac de rebus Machometicis Epistolæ. Lovanii. 1551. Aerostation attempted in Portugal in 1709.-p. 201. In 1759 Pedro Norberto de Aucourt e Padilha published a book entitled Raridades da Natureza e da Arte, divididas pelos quatro Elementos. It contains a short article upon the various attempts which men have made at flying; and it is there stated that P. Bartholomeu Lourenço de Gusman laboured at this project, and in fact raised himself into the air in a machine of pasteboard, or strong paper, in the presence of King Joam V. "O Padre Bartholomeu Lourenço de Gusmao trabalhou no mesmo projecto, e com effeito em huma maquina de papelam se elevou na presença do Senhor Rey D. Joam V."-p. 428. An imaginary representation of this aerostatic machine was published at Lisbon in 1774...na Officina de Simam Thaddeo Ferreira... with this inscription Maquina Aerostatica que pela primeira vez se vio na Europa, inventada pelo celebre Bartholomeu Lourenço, por Autonomasia o Voador, Irmam do insigne Lançada ao Ar no Castello de S. Jorge de Lisboa; donde o The representation is absurd, and the explanation not less So. The elevating, or as it is there called, the attractive secret, is placed in two metallic globes. In all parts this is merely imaginary. A note says, that "notwithstanding the author of the machine has affirmed that the magnet, by virtue of which the boat was made to rise in the air, was contained in the globes, the elevation was in fact not occasioned by any attractive virtue, but by the force of gas confined within those |