4. Byzantinum sive Romanum Imperium inter novas Europæ respublicas solum antiquitatis monumentum superstes manet. 5. Africa, bonarum artium, nutrix, nunc barbarie premitur. 6. Έρωτες σοφιάς πάρεδροι. 7. Mediterranei Asiæ campi. 8. Richardi Cromwellii in Senatu reditus. 9. Vulgo ferunt beatas esse nuptias, quas sol illuminat; inferias, quibus irrorant nubes. 10. The Land's End. 11. Supremi fructus anni. 12. Siccitate laborant agri. 13. Festum omnium Animarum, sive Dies in memoriam Christianorum defunctorum celebratus. 14. Ναὺς ἀφανισθεῖσα. 15. Epicurus scholam in hortulo suo instituit. 16. Polycarpi Martyrium. 17. Magna est funerum religio. 18. Oculis capto mens tamen intus viget. 19. Christianus, trajecto flumine, ob pericula viæ feliciter superata, grates agit. (Pilgrim's Progress.) 20. (The Seven Sleepers.) De septem illis pueris qui cum per CLXXX. annos dormiissent, tum autem miraculo expergefacti sunt. 21. Duodecim vultures a Romulo visæ. 22. Ulysses in ipso mortis limine cum matris umbrâ colloquitur. 23. Demosthenis suprema fata. 24. Fasti Christiani. 25. Adventus Domini qualis ab ecclesiâ singulis annis celebratur. 26. Urbis Romæ vicissitudines. 27. Hortus Anglicus. 28. Prospectabat pulcherrimum sinum, antequam Vesuvius mons ardescens faciem loci verteret. Tac. Ann. iv. 67. 29. Pastores duo, hic mare ille dulcis aquæ flumina alternis versibus laudant. 30. Ne plus ultra. PROSE SUBJECTS, FROM FEBRUARY TO JUNE, 1843. 1. De fœnore et de legibus fœnebribus. 2. Duo viatores, ab ipso fonte profecti, Rhodani cursum animi causâ usque ad mare explorant. 3. Quis rerum fuerit status circa annum post Christum sexcentesimum. 4. "Nunc dimittis:" (Christianus, ipsis, Apostolis æqualis, jam ad centesimum annum provectus, grates Deo agit ob fidem per universum ferè terrarum orbem pervulgatam.) 5. John, xvi. 22. "If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin; but now they have no cloak for their sin." (English Prose.) 6. De sectis Judæorum, Pharisæis, Sadducæis, et Essenibus; necnon de Publicanis et quos vocant Judaizantibus sive Christianis Judaismum affectantibus. 7. Νεωτερίζουσι τοῖς ὀλίγοις ἀντιλέγει ὁ Θρασυβουλος. (Greek) 9. Caius Trebatius Testa a Britannia Ciceronis litteris, (Ep. ad Div. lib. vii.) respondet. 10. De vitâ et moribus Sultani Mamudi. 11. De seditione inter Athenienses quâ quadringenti illi viri rempublicam invaserunt. 12. Macedonum et Russorum regna inter se comparuntur. 13. Quæritur quæ sit philosophia et quam ob causam ei a pluribus invideatur. VERSE SUBJECTS FROM FEBRUARY TO JUNE, 1842. 1. Abydos a Philippo expugnata. 2. Gray's Hymn to Adversity. 3. Sophonisba. 4. Fodinæ mercenarii subito terræ lapsu pœne obruti post longum et gravissimum vitæ discrimen tandem ad lucem proferuntur. 5. Hannibal Italiam reliquit. 6. Novi Ulyssis errores-columnæ Herculis, Iberia, Oceanus. 7. Scipio Africanus in cellâ Jovis secum meditatur. 8. Translation from Cowper's Task, Book IV. 9. Kehama poculum immortalitatis impius arripit. 10. Translation from Pope's Third Moral Epistle. 11. Prometheus Liberatus. 12. Fortuna. 13. Halcyones. 14. Puteus in Monte Zion defossus vivas aquarum venas in lucem aperit, (in allusion to an Artesian well lately sunk in the dry rock of Jerusalem.) 15. Porcia, Catonis Filia, Bruti Uxor. 16. Domus ultima. (C.) EXTRACTS FROM TRAVELLING JOURNALS. It will have been already gathered from Dr. Arnold's letters, how great a pleasure he took in travelling. It was in fact, except so far as his domestic life can be so considered, his chief recreation, combining, as it did, opportunities for following out his delight in history with his love of external nature, both in its poetical and scientific aspect. In works of art he took but little interest, and any extended researches in physical science were precluded by want of time, whilst from natural history he had an instinctive, but characteristic shrinking. "The whole subject," he said, "of the brute creation is to me one of such painful mystery that I dare not approach it." But geography and geology in all their forms-plants and flowers, not from any botanical interest, but for their own sakes,-beauty of architecture and of scenery,-had an attraction for him, which it is difficult adequately to express; and when to these were added the associations of great historical events, it may well be conceived how enthusiastic was his delight in his short summer tours, and how essential a part of his life they became, whether in present enjoyment, or past recollection. It was his practice when travelling, to keep very minute journals, which, as his tours were, partly from necessity and partly from choice, extremely rapid, he wrote always on the spot, or immediately after, and often whilst actually in the act of travelling. And being addressed throughout to his absent wife or children, as the case might be, they partake partly of the character of a private diary, or of private letters, but rather of conversation, such as he would have held with those whom he was addressing, had they been actually with him. It is obvious that no selections from journals of this description can give any adequate notion of the whole of which they are fragments, of the domestic playfulness,-the humorous details, in verse or prose, of travelling adventures,-the very jolts of the carriage, and difficulties of the road,-the rapid sketches of the mere geographical outline of the country,—the succession of historical associations,-the love, brought out more strongly by absence, for his own church and country,—the strain of devout thought and prayer pervading the whole,-which when taken altogether, give a more living image of the man himself, than any thing else which he has left. But to publish the whole of any one of the many volumes through which these journals extend, was for many reasons impossible, and it has therefore been thought desirable to select, in the following extracts, such passages as contained matters of the most general interest, with so much of the ordinary context as might serve to obviate the abruptness of their introduction, and in the hope that due allowance will be made for the difference in their character, as they are read, thus torn from their natural place, instead of appearing in the general course of his thoughts and observations, as they were suggested by the various scenes and objects through which he was passing. I. TOUR IN THE NORTH OF ITALY, 1825. Chiavasso, July 3, 1825. 1. I can now understand what Signor A- said of the nakedness of the country between Hounslow and Laleham, as all the plains here are covered with fruit trees, and the villages, however filthy within, are generally picturesque either from situation, or from the character of their buildings, and their lively white. The architecture of the churches, however, is quite bad, and certainly their villages bear no more comparison with those of Northamptonshire, than St. Giles's does with Waterloo Place. There are more ruins here than I expected, ruined towers, I mean, of modern date, which are frequent in the towns and villages. The countenances of the people are fine, but we see no gentlemen anywhere, or else the distinction of ranks is lost altogether, except with the court and the high nobility. In the valley of Aosta, through which we were travelling all yesterday, the whole land, I hear, is possessed by the peasants, and there are no great proprietors at all. I am quite satisfied that there is a good in this, as well as an evil, and that our state of society is not so immensely superior as we flatter ourselves. I know that our higher classes are immensely superior to any one here; but I doubt whether our system produces a greater amount of happiness, or saves more misery than theirs; and I cannot help thinking, that if their dreadful superstition were exchanged for the Gospel, their division of society would more tend to the general good, than ours. Their superstition is indeed most shocking, and yet with some points in which we should do well to imitate them. I like the simple crosses and oratories by the road side, and the texts of Scripture which one often sees quoted upon them; but they are profaned by such a predominance of idolatry to the Virgin, and of falsehood and folly about the Saints, that no man can tell what portion of the water of life is still retained for those who drink it so corrupted. I want more than ever to see and talk with some of their priests, who are both honest and sensible, if, indeed, any man can be so, and yet belong to a system so abominable. July 25, 1825. 2. On the cliff above the Lake of Como. We are on a mule track that goes from Como along the eastern shore of the lake, and as the mountains go sheer down into the water, the mule track is obliged to be cut out of their sides, like a terrace, half way between their summits and their feet. They are covered with wood, all chestnut, from top to bottom, except where patches have been found level enough for houses to stand on, and vines to grow; but just where we are it is quite lonely; I look up to the blue sky, and down to the blue lake, the one just above me, and the other just below me, and see both through the thick branches of the chestnuts. Seventeen or eighteen vessels, with their white sails, are enlivening the lake, and about half a mile on my right, the rock is too steep for any thing to grow on it, and goes down a bare cliff. A little beyond, I see some terraces and vines, and bright white houses, and further still, there is a little low point, running out into the lake, which just affords room for a village, close on the water's edge, and a white church tower rising in the midst of it. The opposite shore is just the same, villages and mountains, and trees and vines, all one perfect loveliness. I have found plenty of the red cyclamen, whose perfume is exquisite. On the edge of the Lake of Como. We have made our way down to the water's edge to bathe, and are now sitting on a stone to cool. No words can describe the beauty of all the scenery; we stopped at a walk at a spot, where a stream descended in a green deep dell from the mountains, with a succession of falls; the dell so deep, that the sun could not reach the water, which lay every now and then resting in deep rocky pools, so beautifully clear, that nothing but strong prudence prevented us from bathing in them; the banks of the dell, all turf, and magnificent chestnuts, varied with rocks, and the broad lake bright in the sunshine stretched out before us. II. TOUR TO ROME THROUGH FRANCE AND ITALY. Paris, March, 1827. 1. In church to-day, there was a prayer read for the king and royal family of France, but they were prayed for simply in their personal capacity, and not as the rulers of a great nation, nor was there any prayer for the French people. St. Paul's exhortation is to pray, not for kings, and their families, but for kings and all who are in authority," that we may lead a peaceable life in all godliness and honesty," So for ever is this most pure command corrupted by servility and courtliness. Joigny, April 6, 1827. 2. Sens has a fine cathedral with two very beautiful painted rose windows in the transepts, and a monument of the Dauphin, father to the present king, which is much spoken of. Here the cheating of the blacksmiths went on in full perfection, and is really a very great drawback to the pleasure of travelling in France. The moment we stop anywhere, out comes a fellow with his leathern apron, and goes poking and prying about the carriage, in hopes of finding some job to do; and they all do their work so ill, that they generally never fail to find something left for them by their predecessors' clumsiness. Again I have been struck with the total absence of all gentlemen, and of all persons of the education and feelings of gentlemen. I am afraid that the bulk of the people are sadly ignorant and unprincipled, and then liberty and equality are but evils. A little less aristocracy in our country, and a little more here, would seem a desirable improvement; there seem great elements of good amongst the people here,-great courtesy and kindness, with all their cheating and unreasonableness. May He, who only can, turn the hearts of this people, and of all other people to the knowledge and love of Himself in His Son, in whom there is neither Englishman or Frenchman, any more than Jew or Greek, but Christ is all and in all! And may He keep alive in me the spirit of charity, to judge favourably and feel kindly towards those amongst whom I am travelling; inasmuch as Christ died for them as well as for us, and they too call themselves after His name. Approach to Rome, April, 1827. 3. When we turned the summit and opened on the view of the other side, it might be called the first approach to Rome. At the distance of more than forty miles, it was of course impossible to see the town, and besides the distance was hazy; but we were looking on the scene of the Roman History; we were standing on the outward edge of the frame of the great picture, and, though the features of it were not to be traced distinctly, yet we had the consciousness that there they were before us. Here, too, we first saw the Mediterranean; the Alban hills, I think, în the remote distance, and just beneath us, on the left, Soracte, an outlier of the Apennines, which has got to the right bank of the Tiber, and stands out by itself most magnificently. Close under us in front, was the Ciminian Lake, the crater of an extinct volcano, surrounded, as they |