Tyson Walker, curate of the parish church; and he enjoyed this gentleman's instructions until he was thirteen, at which time he had advanced to the head of his class, having read Livy, Horace, Virgil, Homer, &c. He also acquired some knowledge of mathematics from a perambulating teacher who used to pay an annual visit to Ulverstone, and gave lessons in an apartment adjoining the school.

to the favourite pursuit of determining certain constellations and their principal stars, for one, two, or three hours, according as they continued above the horizon. It was a pleasure then, and a profit thereafter.”

still more his classics;" while the midshipman as readily initiated him in the mysteries of navigation, a sort of knowledge which he thought might prove useful in case of his betaking himself to a seafaring life.

About this time Barrow got acquainted with the son of a neighbouring farmer, an intelligent youth, who, having been severely wounded while serving in the navy, had returned home with the About this time one or two circumstances oc- desire of studying for orders; and Barrow gladly curred, which, trivial as they may appear, exer-assisted in "brushing up his mathematics, and cised considerable influence on the future events of his life. Just as he was about to leave school, a gentleman who had the care of Colonel Braddyll's estates in Yorkshire called on the master of Town Bank to know if he could recommend two of the youths best informed in arithmetic and geometrical calculations, to assist him in taking an accurate survey of the colonel's extensive estate of Conished Priory, near Ulverstone. He immediately named Zaccheus Walker, his nephew, and young Barrow. They gladly agreed to the proposed arrangement; but neither of them feeling qualified to go alone, they consented on the understanding that all should be done under the direction of Mr. Cottam, the agent to Colonel Braddyl.

"We remained," writes Barrow, "at the Priory about two months, in which time we completed the survey, to the satisfaction, as I afterwards learned, of Colonel Braddyll, and I may add, for my own part, to my incalculable benefit, derived from witnessing the practised methods of conducting a survey of the various descriptions of surface for it contained all-level, hilly, woodland, and water; and it was not the less useful to me, from the practical knowledge acquired of the theodolite and of the several mathematical instruments in the possession of Mr. Cottam. In fact, during our sojourn at the Priory, I so far availed myself of the several applications of these instruments, that, on arriving in London some years afterwards, I published a small treatise to explain the practical use of a case of mathematical instruments, being my first introduction to the press, for which I obtained twenty pounds, and was not a little delighted to send my first fruits to my mother.

"Another circumstance occurred on leaving school, apparently of little importance, to which, notwithstanding, I must to a certain extent trace back my future fortunate progress in life, as will hereafter be shown. Five or six of the upper boys agreed to subscribe for the purpose of purchasing a celestial globe, and also a map of the heavens, which were lodged in the mathematical apartment of Town Bank School, to be made use of jointly or separately, as should be decided

on.

Our cottage at Dragleybeck was distant a mile or more, yet such was my eagerness of acquiring a practical knowledge of the globe and map, that I never omitted a starlight night without attending

In this manner were Barrow's leisure hours passed during a year he spent at home; he also amused himself with scientific experiments; and having fallen in with an account of Benjamin Franklin's electric kite, he prepared a string, steeped in salt water, with a glass handle to it, and flying his kite, obtained an abundance of sparks. An old woman, curious to see what was going on, our young philosopher could not resist the temptation to give her a shock, which so frightened her, that she spread a report that he was no better than he should be; for that he was drawing down fire from heaven. The alarm ran throughout the village, and his mother prevailed on him to lay aside his kite.

Barrow being earnestly desirous to increase his mathematical knowledge, and having been informed that there lived in the hills an old farmer named Gibson, who went among his neighbours by the appellation of the wise man, on account of his profound knowledge on almost every subject, and more especially of mathematics, he walked some eight or nine miles to see this rustic wonder, and was so charmed with his new acquaintance, that he repeated his visit three or four times. From this intercourse with Mr. Gibson resulted happy consequences to him in after-life.

Barrow had now completed his fourteenth year, and began seriously to reflect on his future pros pects. His parents were very desirous that he should enter into holy orders, and offered, out of their scanty means, to support him as a sizer in one of the universities; but he did not think himself suited for that sacred profession, and begged to take his chance a little longer, in the hope that something might turn up to afford him employment more suitable to his feelings. About this time a lady from Liverpool called one day at the cottage, and said, without ceremony, that her husband was Mr. Walker, the proprietor of a large iron foundry in Liverpool; and that, in the course of her visit to the north, he had wished her to look out for an active intelligent youth to superintend the workmen, and keep the accounts of the factory, under the guidance and instruction of one who, from age and infirmity, could not long continue his employment; that the youth

would live in the family; and that they had one | The latter asked a thousand questions about navison, of about ten years of age, who being of a gating ships in an icy sea; and having ascertained weakly habit, it was their object to give him in- what progress Barrow had made in nautical struction at home, at least for some time to come. science, urged him to aim at further advance. "Now," she said addressing young Barrow, "No young man," he observes, "should stop "from the character I have heard of you at short in any pursuit he undertakes till he has Ulverstone, I think you would answer our pur- conquered the whole; for, without a profession, pose; and if you think that such an appointment as you are, you cannot tell to what good use would suit you, I will write to my husband on knowledge of any kind may be applied. Shut up the subject." in this retreat, the extent of knowledge is of a very limited and unproductive kind; but it has been of use to my two sons in London, one of whom stands high in the Bank of England, and the other is manager of Calvert's brewery: it has also been sometimes of use to my neighbours."

rum."-New York Observer.

FRIENDS' REVIEW.

PHILADELPHIA, SEVENTH MONTH 21, 1849.

than the spell which had hitherto bound the boys | the nature of the case, and the experience of the in breathless silence, and fearful reserve, was dis- past, that unless the conversion of the Indians from solved, and springing up from their seats, they hunters to agriculturists, can be in some way acwalked through the apartment with the utmost complished, their extermination is inevitable. A freedom and ease, audibly and scornfully exclaim- people subsisting by the chase, require a range of ing, "He no mickanary; mickanary no drink forest which the North American continent cannot long afford to the native race. The consequence of the want of game, will be, as the writer observes, a resort of the hunters to the herds of civilized man. Conflicts will unavoidably ensue, and the poor Indians must sink before the overpowering tide of civilized force. What then is to be done, becomes a serious enquiry. Justice and humanity evidently require that extensive and persevering efforts should be made, to induce the natives to adopt a course of life which will prevent their extinction. If the Indians should be impelled by want, to invade the possessions of the white settlers, the government will probably be unable, even if so disposed, to prevent retaliation. Yet, if we take away their means of support, can we be excused from supplying a substitute?

The Editor has learned that nearly all the delegates appointed by the five Yearly Meetings, of New England, New York, Baltimore, North Carolina and Indiana, convened at Baltimore on the morning of the 9th inst.; that their deliberations on the momentous subjects committed to them, were attended with a very consolatory and uninterrupted harmony; and that a Report to the Yearly Meetings which they represented, was adopted with entire unanimity. The conference closed on the evening of

the 12th.

The Report will, of course, remain, as the conclusions of committees ought to do, with the delegates themselves, until presented to the meetings from which they were sent.

Experience has sufficiently proved, that a war, even with half naked Indians, cannot be prosecuted without enormous expenditures. What provision for supporting and civilizing the native races, would

the cost of the Florida war have afforded? If the

Though we have no disposition to attach more expense, which the hostile suppression of the native importance to the circumstances attending this con- tribes, round whom our settlements are extending, ference than truth and soberness fairly justify, we must unavoidably occasion, could be devoted to may notice as a remarkable fact, that notwithstand their civilization and support during their transition ing the time and place were fixed upon nearly state, there is very little doubt, that all the miseries fourteen months before the meeting was to be held; of famine and war, among those people, and their and in the meantime an alarming epidemic had final extinction, might be averted. It must be acspread through a number of our cities, the place knowledged that Indians are slow to adopt the assigned for the conference appears to have en- habits of the white man; but it must also be actirely escaped the prevailing disease, at least until knowledged, that the influences by which they are after the session was closed. It was also a com- surrounded, are highly unfavourable to their civilifortable circumstance, that the two Friends of Newzation. The appropriations of our government York, upon whose minds the concern first fixed, and towards their improvement, appear considerable; through whose instrumentality it was brought into but it would be an interesting enquiry, what prothe view of the Yearly Meeting, were both enabled, portion those appropriations bear to the expendithough far advanced in life, to attend the confer-tures produced by the wars which have been waged

ence to its close.

We have copied into the present number, an article from one of the public papers, relative to the aborigines of the country, over which our AngloSaxon race is rapidly spreading, and evidently threatening the extermination of the native tribes. Though we do not subscribe to all the opinions expressed in the article, we consider the prospects indicated by the writer as quite impressive, and worthy of serious reflection. It would be impossible to defend, upon Christian principles, the application of force, at least of military force, to convert these sons of the forest, from their wild and wandering habits. And yet we may confidently infer from

against them. If such an explorer of historical facts, as the author of the Review of the Mexican war, would take up the subject, he would probably exhibit a portrait which would astonish both the friends and the enemies of the Indian race. It would probably be found, upon a cold calculation of dollars and cents, that it would be actually cheaper to purchase their acceptance of a rational plan for changing the whole wandering race into farmers and mechanics, and to supply the deficiencies which their tardy movements might occasion, than to repel their incursions, and subdue their hos tilities by military force. What a noble measure would it be, if the federal government would engage in the conversion, to peaceful and civilized citizens,

Not long ago, our navy was reported as consisting of sixty-eight ships; one thousand five hundred and fifty officers, with salaries from six hundred to four thousand five hundred dollars, averaging about one thousand five hundred dollars. I have not seen this statement in any original document. It may possibly be erroneous, though I think not; and, if not, the salaries would amount to upwards of two millions-the value of four hundred farms, eight hundred village houses and lots, two thousand teachers' salaries, or four thousand school-houses.

Our line-of-battle ships cost the Government, on an average, eight hundred and thirty thousand dollars, and some of them have cost a millionequal to two hundred farms, four hundred village houses or lots, one thousand teachers' salaries, or two thousand school-houses.

Salt Lake-or, in advance, at their Eastern foot, as in New Mexico, on the head springs of the Arkansas and Rio Grande. At the same moment, he feels a pressure from the north, through Iowa and Minesota, driving him inwards, toward the bank of the Upper Missouri, and from the south, through Texas, affecting him sensibly as far as the valleys of the Canadian and Arkansas. The desert left to him begins to assume boundaries capable of being measured; and it is pierced in three or four different directions by the white man's highways, before whose white wagons and unerring rifles, the wild animals of the prairies, the Indian's food, are melting rapidly away.

Walled in-and destined to be more closely pressed every day-their hunting grounds converted into thronged emigrant roads, and the bisons ultimately destroyed; what is to become of the race of North American Indians? who are already, in many quarters, beginning to experience the full horrors of their situation, and to be re

The keeping of a line-of-battle ship in the service, one year, costs about half a million-equal to one hundred farms, two hundred houses and lots, five hundred teachers' salaries, or one thou-duced to the alternative of sitting down to die of sand school-houses.

Now, the indirect and unequal mode of taxation, adopted in part by the English Government, and wholly by our own, requires as much, in the payment of these enormous sums, from every respectable liver, though worth perhaps little or no property, as from the man who is worth millions. Those who like the object and the mode of taxation, should pay cheerfully. Those who think, with me, and certainly there are many such, that military preparations are worse than useless, and that the mode of taxation is monstrously unjust, must pay as cheerfully as they can, for there is no help. Till a change comes over the scene, the freemen of America must toe up annually to the footing of four thousand farms, worth five thousand dollars each; and the toiling millions of Great Britain must pay, each year, about five times as much, for preparing for war in time of peace.-Nat. Era.

starvation or of taking food by force, by aid of tomahawk and scalping knife, from the Americans

only the more certainly to perish under the weight and fury of their vengeance? We are beginning to understand, in this country, the reason why the Apaches and Camanches, whom we, by treaty, have solemnly contracted to keep on their good behaviour as regards Mexico, are rob bing and murdering in that country, with the supremest contempt of us and our treaties; that reason being that they rob and murder for food. The Apache country is totally destitute of game; the Camanche country is nearly so; and both those tribes, being wholly uncivilized, and incapable of supporting themselves on the produce of the fields, depend upon the herds of domestic animals of Mexico for the ordinary means of subsistence. In a short time, unless something be done to prevent or remedy it, there will be a similar state of things found existing throughout our Indian territory at home,-no buffaloes,-no corn, no food-except among the settlements, in American folds and granaries, where the wild Many circumstances conspire to give, at this tribes must seek it, or be content, as we said, to moment, a degree of interest, if not importance, starve. What should we think of the Sioux, the to the tribes of Red Men, now ranging the vast Blackfeet and Arapahoes foraging in Iowa and solitude-which are, however, only the huger Arkansas, making such bold and bloody descents prison-house of the prairies, than they ever be- there, as the Apaches and Camanches are now fore possessed since the foundation of the republic. making in Mexico nearly all the time? Have we The annexation of Texas, the acquisition of the not some reason to believe that the late extraorMexican territories of New Mexico and Califor-dinary excursions-for extraordinary they were nia, and the colonization of Oregon, have erected around them, on the south and the west, new barriers, by which they are now hemmed in, and are hereafter to be confined in territories, and by bounds and limits, continually diminishing. There is no longer a far West for the Indian. If he seek to journey, as of old, in quest of the setting sun, it is only to find the white man meeting him suddenly behind the Rocky Mountains as in Oregon —or amid them, as in the Alpine hollow of the

THE AMERICAN INDIANS.

of the Camanches on the American side of the Rio Grande, were caused rather by the desperation of distress than by any real ignorance on their part of our overwhelming power, and our ability and determination to punish with the utmost severity every one of their aggressions? If this be so and similar ascertained facts among the Pawnees and other prairie tribes from which the Oregon and California caravans now suffer more or less, show that it is so-then are we already