}

found that vegetation commenced soonest when the decoction of flowers is used, and latest when that of roots.

MONTHLY AGRICULTURAL REPORT:

WEDISH and the few yellow Scotch turnips which are sown have been well got

riant and forward, and, contrary to former opinion, an equal breadth with last year planted. Grass very light upon poor lands; on superior soils heavy, and improving under the present rains. Very little yet cut, and that chiefly in the vicinity of the metropolis. Tares, rape, &c. a most luxuriant crop, and clover very good. The spring corn looks well, and as yet healthy; but the long continuance of the easterly winds, the alternations since, and want of the solar heat, have retarded the progress towards maturity, and, as far as at present can be judged, the harvest must be late; and should the cool weather continue there must be considerable defect both in the quantity and quality of the grain. The process of flowering has not yet commenced on the wheats, even of the best soils. A very heavy interest depends on the success of that process. The pea crop wears a very indifferent appearance from its extreme backwardness. Of hops no particular report. The fruit received an early blight, as in last year, and it is to be feared that succession of warm suns, so absolutely necessary to its recovery, will not come in time. The quantity of spring wheat sown this season unusually small, but the breadth of the wheat crop in general upon the most extensive scale; and if productive its quantity will in all probability considerably overtop the annual consumption of this country, from which, and other considerations, the exportation bill is wise and judicious. In wool no alteration.

Cattle markets universally heavy, and the dealers fully aware of a still farther and considerable decline. Milch cows fetch a fair price.

Smithfield: Beef 5s. to 6s.-Mutton 6s, to 7s.-Veal 6s. to 8s.-Lamb ditto.Pork ditto.-Bacon 8s.-Irish ditto 6s. to 6s. 6d.-Skins 50s.-Fat 5s. 4d.-Potatoes 41. to 71.-Oil-cake 161.

Corn Exchange: Wheat 40s. to 75s.-Barley 25s. to 36s-Oats 14s. to 30s.-The quartern loaf 112d.-Hay 41. to 5l. 10s.-Clover ditto 61. to 71. 7s.-Straw 11. 10s. to 21. 2s.

Middlesex, June 20, 1814.

METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.

Observations on the State of the Weather, from the 20th of May to the 20th of
June, 1814, inclusive, Four Miles N.N.W.

Barometer.

Highest 29.82. June 18. Wind NW.

Lowest 29.26. May 24.

Thermometer.
June 14. Wind S.W.
May 23.

of St. Paul's.

N.W.

Highest 77°.
Lowest 36°.

N.W.

This great variation occurred between the 13th and 14th days of June, on the former the hottest part of the day was only 58°, whereas at the same hour on the 14th the thermometer stood at 77°.

The quantity of rain fallen this month is equal to 5 inches in depth.

The temperature for the month has been low; the average being not greater than 52. But once has the mercury stood as high as summer heat, and on that day, viz. the 14th, the heat for several hours seemed almost suffocating; the day was remarkably gloomy, and in the course of the following night there was a very severe storm of thunder and lightning, accompanied with much rain. The average height of the barometer for the month is equal to 29.585. There have been 11 brilliant days, and 9 on which there has been rain; of the remainder 7 may be reckoned fair and 4 cloudy. The wind has again blown chiefly from the east, the weather has been extremely cold for the

season.

STATE

STATE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS IN JUNE.
Including official Papers and authentic Documents.

GREAT BRITAIN.

policy pursued towards the kings of

BENEATH we introduce the to extinguish

of that treaty which will henceforth be known in history under the naine of the TREATY of PARIS. It is sufficient to recommend it to our approbation, that it puts an end to the senseless slaughter of our species, and restores the nations of Europe to those relations of amity which ought never to have been disturbed. People who have for twentyfour years been deluded by the artifices of weak or wicked politicians, may perhaps console themselves for the enor mous sacrifices of Britain, in the terms of this treaty; but, for our parts, as we do not measure advantages by mere names, so we do not think that the acquisition even of all the colonies in the world could compensate for the expences of the late war; while in a moral sense they are not worth the blood of the meanest man that has been shed in attaining them. It ought always to be remembered, that the advantages. of wars are problematical and illusory; while their cost, their mischiefs, and their miseries, are certain and inevitable. It is true that war may, sometimes, be unavoidable, but, as we judge only on the evidence of authentic documents, and on the simple lights afforded by truth and reason, we confess we are unable to discover any such necessity for those wars which, in our times, have produced such frightful effects.

Most sincerely do we rejoice in the return of Peace, because War never did, nor ever can, produce any beneficial or rational results; yet, in the actual state of affairs, those rejoicings in which we lately took part have been greatly qualified on seeing that vile debasement of religion, reason, and humanity-THE SLAVE TRADE, recognized and legitimized, for the first time, as part of the public law of Europe, in a solemn treaty between those two powers which, above all others, ought to have united in supporting the cause of civilization and justice, and in extirpating so execrable a traffic-by. hearing of the re-establishment of THE DETESTABLE INQUISITION in Spain, and

of the overthrow of all those securities

of liberty which the PATRIOTIC CORTES
had so nobly established-by witnessing
the measures pursued against NORWAY,
and the continuance of the war against
AMERICA-by observing the overbearing

severing determination

POLAND from the map of Europe-and by discovering that the FREE CONSTITUTION of France, which promised so much benefit to her king and people, and under which the counter-revolution was effected, has been injudiciously subverted, and the sacred name of constitution applied to arrangements which serve only to give colour to unlimited and arbitrary power!

If such acts are the means of disturbing the unanimity of mankind at au auspicious moment-if they excite the abhorrence of all thinking men at a time when general satisfaction was de sired-and if they prove the cause of a revival of those controversies which it would have been so easy, so advanta geous, and so wise, to have buried in eternal oblivion-who is it that merits censure?

TREATY OF PEACE.
In the Name of the most Holy and Undivided
Trinity.

His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and his Allies, on the one part, and his Majesty the other part, animated by an equal desire the King of France and of Navarre, on to terminate the long agitations of Europe, and the sufferings of mankind, by a perma nent peace, founded upon a just repartition of force between its states, and containing in its stipulations the pledge of its durability; and his Britannic Majesty, toge-, ther with his Allies, being unwilling to require of France, now that, replaced under the paternal government of her Kings, she offers the assurance of security and stability to Europe, the conditions and guaranfrom her former government; their said tees which they had with regret demanded Majesties have named plenipotentiaries to discuss, settle, and sign a treaty of peace and amity; namely,

Article I. There shall be from this day forward perpetual peace and friendship between his Britannic Majesty and his Allies on the one part, and his Majesty the King of France and Navarre on the other, their heirs and successors, their dominions and subjects respectively.

The high contracting parties shall devote their best attention to maintain, not only between themselves, but, inasmuch as derends upon them, between all the states of Europe, that harmony and good understanding which are so necessary for their tran quillity.

Art.

Art. II. The kingdom of France re tains its limits entire, as they existed on the 1st of January, 1792. It shall further re ceive the increase of territory, comprised within the line established by the following article:

Art. III.-On the side of Belgium, Ger. many, and Italy, the ancient frontiers shall be re-established, as they existed on the 1st of January, 1792, extending from the North Sea, between Dunkirk and Nieuport, to the Mediterranean, between Cagnes and Nice, with the following modifications:

1. In the department of Jemappes, the Cantons of Dour, Merbes-le-Chateau, Beaumont, and Chimay, shall belong to France; where the line of demarkation comes in contact with the Canton of Dour, it shall pass between that canton and those of Boussu and Paturage, and likewise further on it shall pass between the Canton of Merbes-le-Chateau and those of Binck and

Thain.

2. In the department of Sambre and Meuse, the cantons of Walcourt, Florennes, Beauraing, and Gedinne, shall belong to France; where the demarkation reaches that department, it shall follow the line which separates the said cantons from the department of Jemappes, and from the remaining cantons of the department of Sambre and

Meuse.

3. In the department of the Moselle, the new demarkation, at the point where it diverges from the old line of frontier, shall be formed by a line, to be drawn from Perle to Fremersdorff, and by the limit which separates the canton of Tholey from the remaining cantons of the said department of the Moselle.

4. In the department of La Sarre, the cantons of Saarbruck and Arneval shall continue to belong to France, as likewise the portion of the canton of Lebach which is situated to the south of a line drawn along the confines of the villages of Herchenbach, Ueberhofen, Hilsbach, and Hall (leaving these different places out of the French frontier) to the point where, in the neighbourhood of Querselle, (which place belongs to France, the line which separates the cantous of Arneval and Ottweiler reaches that which separates the cantons of Arneval and Lebach. The frontier on this side shall be formed by the line above described, and afterwards by that which separates the canton of Arneval from that of Bliescastel.

5. The fortress of Landau having before the year 1792, formed an insulated point in Germany, France retains beyond her frontiers a portion of the departments of Mount Tonnerre and of the Lower Rhine, for the purpose of uniting the said fortress and its radius to the rest of the kingdom.

The new demarkation from the point in the neighbourhood of Obersteinbach (which place is left out of the limits of France) where the boundary between the

department of the Moselle and that of Mount Tonnerre reaches the department of the Lower Rhine, shall follow the line which separates the cantons of Weissenburgh and Bergzabern (on the side of France,) from the cantons of Pirmasens Dahn, and Anweiler (on the side of Germany,) as far as the point near the village of Volmersheim, where that line touches the ancient radius of the fortress of Landan. From this radius, which remains as it was in 1792, the new frontier shall follow the arm of the river de la Queich, which on leaving the said radius at Queichheim (that place remaining to France) flows near the villages of Merlenheim, Knittelsheim, and Belheim, (these places also belonging to France) to the Rhine, which from thence shall continue to form the boundary of France and Germany.

The main stream (Thalweg) of the Rhine, shall constitute the frontier; provided, however, that after take place in the course of that river, the changes which may hereshall not affect the property of the islands. The right of possession in these islands shall be re-established as it existed at the signature of the treaty of Luneville.

6. In the department of the Doubs, the frontier shall be so regulated as to commence above the Rançonnière near Locle, aud follow the Crest of Jura between the Cernenx, Pequignot, and the village of Fontenelles, as far as the peak of that Mountain situated about seven or eight thousand feet to the north-west of the vil lage of La Brevine, where it shall again fall in with the ancient boundary of France.

7. In the department of the Leman, the frontiers between the French territory, the Pas de Vaud, and the different portions of the territory of the republic of Geneva, (which is to form part of Swisserland,) remain as they were before the incorporation of Geneva with France. cantons of Frangy and of St. Julien, (with But the the exception of the districts situated to the north of a line drawn from the point where the river of La Laire enters the territory of Geneva, near Chancy, following the confines of Sesequin, Laconex, and Seseneuve, which shall remain ont of the limits of France,) the canton of Reignier, with the exception of the portion to the east of a line which follows the confines of the Muraz Bussy, Pers, and Cornier, which shall be out of the French limits) and the canton of La Roche (with the exception of the places called La Roche, and Armanoy, with their districts,) shall remain to France. The frontier shall follow the limits of these different cantons, and the line which separates the districts continuing to belong to France, from those which she does not retain.

In the department of Montblanc, France acquires the sub-prefecture of Chambery, with the exception of the cantons of L' HO

32

1814.]

Public Affairs in June.

pital, St. Pierre d' Albigny, la Rocette,
and Montmeliaff, and the sub-prefecture
of Annecy, with the exception of the
portion of the canton of Faverges, situ
ated to the east of a line passing between
Ourechaise and Marlens, on the side of
France, and Marthod and Ugine on the
opposite side, and which afterwards fol-
lows the crest of the mountains as far as
the frontier of the canton of Thones; this
line, together with the limit of the can-
tons before-mentioned, shall on this side
form the new frontier.

On the side of the Pyrenees, the frontiers
between the two kingdoms of France and
Spain, remain such as they were the 1st of
January, 1792, and a joint commission shall
be named on the part of the two crowns
for the purpose of finally determining the line.
France, on her part, renounces all rights
of sovereignty, Suzeraineté, and of posses
sion over all the countries, districts, towns,
and places situated beyond the frontier
above described, the principality of Mo-
naco being replaced on the same footing
on which it stood before the 1st of Ja-
nuary, 1792.

The allied powers assure to France the possession of the principality of Avignon, of the Comtat Venaissin, of the Comté of Montheilliard, together with the several insulated territories which formerly belonged to Germany, comprehended within the frontier above described, whether they have been incorporated with France before or after the 1st of January, 1792. The powers reserve to themselves, reciprocally, the complete right to fortify any point in their respective states which they may judge necessary for their security.

To prevent all injury to private property, and protect, according to the most liberal principles, the property of individuals domiciliated on the frontiers, there shall be named, by each of the states bordering on France, commissioners, who shall proceed, conjointly with French commissioners, to the delineation of the respective boundaries. As soon as the commissioners shall have performed their task, maps shall be drawn, signed by the respective commissioners, and posts shall be placed to point out the reciprocal boundaries.

Art. IV. To secure the communications of the town of Geneva, with other parts of the Swiss territory situated on the Lake, France consents that the road by Versoy shall be common to the two countries. The respective governments shall amicably arrange the means for preventing smuggling, regulating the posts, and maintaining the said road.

Art. V. The navigation of the Rhine, from the point where it becomes navigable unto the sea, and vice versa, shall be free, so that it can be interdicted to no one. And

at the future Congress, attention shall be

555

paid to the establishment of the principles, according to which the duties to be raised by the States bordering on the Rhine may be regulated, in the mode the most impartial and the most favourable to the com. merce of all nations.

The future Congress, with a view to faci litate the communication between nations, and continually to render them less stran gers to each other, shall likewise examine and determine in what manner the above provision can be extended to other rivers which, in their navigable course, separate or traverse different states.

Art. VI.--Holland, placed under the sovereignty of the house of Orange, shall receive an increase of territory. The title and exercise of that sovereignty shall not in any case belong to a Prince wearing or destined to wear a foreign crown.

dent, and united by a federative bond.
The states of Germany shall be indepen
Switzerland, independent, shall continue
to govern herself.

Italy, beyond the limits of the countries which are to revert to Austria, shall be composed of sovereign states.

Art. VII. The island of Malta and its dependencies shall belong in full right and sovereignty to his Britannic Majesty.

Art. VIII. His Britannic Majesty, sti pulating for himself and his allies, engages within the term which shall be hereafter to restore to his most Christian Majesty, fixed, the colonies, fisheries, factories, and establishments of every kind which were possessed by France on the 1st of January, 1792, in the seas and on the continents of America, Africa, and Asia, with the exception however of the islands of Tobago, and St. Lucie, and of the Isle of France and its dependencies, especially Rodrigues and Les Sechelles, which several colonies and posses sions his Most Christian Majesty cedes in full jesty, and also the portion of St. Domingo right and sovereignty to his Britannic Mawhich his Most Christian Majesty restores ceded to France by the treaty of Basle, and in full right and sovereignty to his Catholic Majesty.

Art. IX. His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, in virtue of the ar in execution of the preceding article, rangements stipulated with the allies, and consents that the island of Guadaloupe be restored to his Most Christian Majesty, and gives up all the rights he may have acquired over that island.

virtue of the arrangements stipulated with Art. X.-Her Most Faithful Majesty, in the allies, and in execution of the 8th Article, engages to restore French Guyana, as it existed on the 1st day of January, 1792, to his Most Christian Majesty, with, in the term hereafter fixed.

The renewal of the dispute which existed at that period on the subject of the fron