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LIST OF DISEASES IN LONDON,
From the 20th of May, to the 20th of June.

ACUTE DISEASES.

PERIPNEUMONIA Notha

Intermittent Fever

Scarlatina

2

I

A confiderable change in the ftate of the No. of Cafes. weather having taken place fince the last report, the number of difcafes depending upon it has been diminished. The wind, however, ftill continuing to blow from the Eaft and North Eaft, complaints of the cheft ftill continue to harass many patients; though the number of recent inftances is much smaller.

4

I

Typhus Mitior

Ophthalmia

2

Acute Rheumatiẩm

2

CHRONIC DISEASES.

Cough

6

Dyípnea

Cough and Dyspnea

Phthifis Pulmonalis

Hæmoptoe

Hoarseness

Pleurodyne

Hydrothorax

Afcites Anafarca Ophthalmia Cephalalgia Hemicrania Paralyfis Hemiplegia Epistaxis

Gaftrodynia

3

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Cafes of ophthalmia, a disease particularly noticed in the last month, are still numerous, owing probably to the ftate of the weather just referred to.

An inftance of pyrofis having prefented it3 felf, and it being a disease of rare occurrence, we embrace the opportunity of taking fome notice of it. This difeafe, though in fome of its symptoms it bears a near resemblance to other morbid affections of the ftomach, as dyfpepfia, gafrodynia, cardialgia, is particularly characterized by the frequent eructation of a watery infipid fluid, on which account it is diftinguished in Scotland by the name Water Brash. This eructation is generally preceded by pain in the region of the organ, accompanied with a sense of stricture, which has occafioned its being ranked by no6 fologifts amongst fpafmodic difeafes. complaint, in fome inftances, returns perioThis dically, and generally in them orning or forenoon, when the ftomach is empty. The patient complains of pain, attended with a fenfe of heat, fimilar to what is called the heart-burn, the ftomach is fuddenly provoked to throw up its contents, and a thin watery fluid is difcharged.

2

7

3

I

2

Dyspepfia

Vomitus

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4

Procidentia Vaginæ

3

2

3

6

4

Hæmorrhois

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2

Tremor

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It has been obferved, that this disease more 3 frequently affects the female than the male, and that a ftate of pregnancy renders the patient more liable to the attack. It is commonly found amongst the lower claffes of fociety, and has been attributed to a farinaceous diet. In the inftance referred to in the lift, there were fymptoms of too liberal a ufe of fpirituous liquors.

4

3

4237

As the pathology of the disease is not very well understood, fo the propereft mode of treatment has not been afcertained.

The fymptoms are palliated by the use of 7 opium. Confiderable effects have been attributed to the Nux Vomica; and it has been afferted, that the chewing of tobacco has 3 proved beneficial.

2

NEW PATENTS
Enrolled in the Month of June.

MR. KENT'S FOR A NEW POWER.

On the 5th of January, Mr. JOHN KENT, architect of Southampton, obtained the grant of a Patent for a new method of applying power to effect a rotatory motion.

Mr. KENT propofes to fubftitute weight or preffure for animal ftrength, and to apply it on the principle on which powers are applied to the invented lever; i. e. he applies the power which is intended to raife the weight on one fide of and near to

tl.

the fulcrum; and the weight to be raifed is affixed to the extremity, and at the other fide of the fulcrum.

For example, fuppofe the line AB to reprefent a lever; C, the fulcrum; B, the weight of one pound; and D, the weight or power or preffure of fix pounds; then, it is obvious, if the length of the lever be divided into twelve parts, and the diftance CD be one of those parts, that the weight at B will be exactly balanced or fufpended by the preffare or power at D.,

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Mr. Kent applies this principle to rotatory motion, by confidering the fulcrum C, as the vertical axis or line of gravitation in a wheel; B, as the extremity of the horizontal diameter, to which is affixed a rope appending a weight; and D a point in the periphery of the wheel upon which point a power is made to prefs 6 times as heavy as that of the weight at B.

The mode he propofes by which to apply the preffure of Dupon the wheel, is by means of a circular axle, on the extremities of which axle he affixes the neceffary power or preffure; the axle is turned by means of flies, vanes, or winches, and being strongly prefed against the periphery of the wheel, it forces the wheel round in an oppofite direction to that of the axle, and thereby raifes the fufpended weight.

Mr. KENT is very fanguine in respect to the practical effect of this oblique preffure on the peripheries of wheels. He conceives that a perpetual motion may be effected by it, and that wheel carriages, fhips, &c. may be moved forward by its varied application.

MR. WOOD'S FOR A TIME-SETTER.

ON the twentieth Day of April laft, Mr.

HENRY WOOD Statuary, of Sloane-Square, in the Parish of St. Luke, Chelfea, obtained a patent for the invention of a time-fetter.

In the conftruction of this time-fetter, he takes a common dial-plate, fuch as is used for watches or clocks. It may be round, fquare, oval, or of any other fimilar figure. He infcribes upon it the hours and minutes which mark the ufual divifions of the day. Next, confidering what particular round of daily employ ments it is wished to indicate, he infcribes alfo, the names of thefe upon the dialplate; the name of each employment, at the numerals of the hour and minute at

which it is to be performed. Hands or fliders are then to be adapted to the dialplate thus marked. The plate, with thefe hands, are to be fitted, after this preparation, to the ufual machinery of a watch or clock. The movement of the hands will indicate the time for the different employments fpecified on the dial-plate, as it points, fucceflively, to the hours which were marked for their performance. The hours for prayers, for dinner, for retirement to reft, or from any other fimilar office of life, may in this manner be indicated by the revolution of the hands in Mr. WOOD's invention. The machine may be fitted to tables, walls, doors, or any other piece of furniture. Not only the diurnal talks of life, but thofe, alfo, which recur after much longer intervals, may be, in this manner, fuggefted to recollec tion. It is eafy to perceive, that this contrivance, though, in truth, extremely fimpie, may be happily applied to many important and elegant uies.

MR. TENNANT'S, FOR A BLEACHING LIQUOR.

ON the 30th of April, a Patent was granted to Mr. CHARLES TENNANT, bleacher, of Darnley, near Glasgow, for a new and improved mode of bleaching and removing colours from linen, cotton, and other vegetable and animal fubftances. Mr. Tennant effects this purpose by means of a diffolution in water of the oxygenated muriates of lime, or of the oxygenated muriates of calcareous earth, barytes, Arontites, or magnefia. The earths are prepared in the dry way, by bringing them in a folid form, in powder, or in pafte, into contact with the oxygenated muriatic acid gas; fo prepared, they are diffolved in water, and then applied to the fubftances required to be bleached. MR. SIMPSON'S, FOR A TOOTH DRAWING INSTRUMENT.

THIS inftrument confifts of claws of various fizes, which adapt themselves to the shape of the teeth, and by the action of a fpring, become firmly fixed to the neck of the tooth required to be drawn.

The other parts of the inftruments are a lever of polished steel affixed without the mouth in a tranverfe iron handle; and within the mouth in the top of the claw. Near to the inner extremity of the lever, and in it, is affixed a circular fulcrum, which by turning the lever raises the claw and the tooth with it. The circular fulcrum is made to rest on a cufhion which is carefully adapted to the ftate of the adjoining teeth.

The

The apparatus for guiding the action of the lever, and the other parts of the inftrument are conftructed with much ingenuity, but it is impoffible for us to enter into the minutia without the aid of a copper-plate *.

[It is particularly requested that Patentees will not omit to tranfmit to us copies of their fpecifications; and it is conceived that the extenfive circulation of the Monthly Magazine, by fpreading the knowledge of their inven tions, will, amply repay them for an attention to this request.]

* Another very ingenious Tooth Drawing Inftrument has lately been defcribed by Dr. DYCE, the inventor, in the " Medical and Phyfical Journal."

WE

STATE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS,

FRANCE.

In July, 1799.

E were able in our laft to notice only in a brief manner the victory gained by General Suwarrow over the French, in the battle of the 27th of April, near Milan. Field Marshal Suwarrow refolved on the 27th to force the paffage of that river: with this intention, part of his army passed the river in the night, near Brivio, by means of a flying bridge, which had been nearly destroyed by the enemy, but was quickly repaired, and took a pofition on the right bank, near Brivio, fending his patroles towards Ogiliate and Garlote, where they met with the enemy. An Austrian column arrived at nine o'clock in the evening, of the 26th, behind the village of Gervaito, oppofite to Trezzo. Be

tween that time and five the next morning, a bridge over the river was completed; and Moon afterwards Major Retzer, with fix companies of chaffeurs and a Ruffian regiment paffed the Adda, and having joined the other forces, which had paffed in another quarter, fell upon the French in and behind Trezzo, who had confidered it as an impoffible effort to construct a bridge, and had not the least notice of it. The battle was very obftinate, the enemy took poft between Pozzo and Brivio where they were most vigorously attacked. The French about this time having received reinforcements from General Victor's divifion, were on the point of turning Suwarrow's right wing, and the Batnat battalion had begun to give way, when General Chafteller led up fome other columns, and fell upon the enemy's left flank, which was totally routed, and the huffars having broken through the French, made three hundred prifoners, and cut two hundred to pieces.

The village of Pozzo was carried fword in hand. Upon meeting with this repulfe, MONTHLY MAG. No. XLVI.

General Serrurier marched his forces up in order in the road that leads from Baprio to Milan, but was again attacked and overcome by fuperior numbers. · Early the next day feveral divifions of the allied forces marched to Milan, and on their way fell in with a divifion of French under General Serrurier at Bertero, which after a most obftinate engagement was beaten and forced to capitulate. The whole corps laid down its arms, the officers were permitted to return to France on their parole, and the privates remained prifoners of war. In Milan were found confiderable magazines of arms, clothing, and provifions. A general officer with five hundred men, eighty pieces of cannon, and feveral standards were taken. The caftle of Milan held out for a few weeks, but the garrifon was then obliged to furrender.

On the fide of the Grifons, when the French were obliged to retreat, one column retired through Coire to Reichenau, where they took poft behind the Rhine, and another paffed that river at Zolbrucke, and marched through Ragatz towards Sargans, leaving a rear guard at Ragatz. On the 15th of May, General Hotz reconnoitred, the French at Reichenau, but finding them ftrongly pofted, and not having any infantry at hand, he could not attack them. The fame day however," he ordered Col. Cavacini to attack them at Ragatz, from whence they were driven with confiderable lofs. The Auftrians entered St. Gall on the 20th of May, and found between that place and Rheineck thirteen pieces of ordnance, befides a confiderable quantity of ammunition, which the French had abandoned in their retreat. On the whole, their lofs in this quarter, from the 14th, to the 22d of May, exclufive of killed and wounded, was eftimated by the Auftrian account at four 3 R

thoufand

thousand prifoners, and thirty-fix pieces of cannon. General Hotze, on the 22d of May, had his head quarters at Mayenfeldt.

The object of refcuing the Grifons from the French power being accomplifhed, General Bellegarde proceeded with the troops under his command, to fupport the operations of the army of Italy; and the army under the command of the Archduke entered Switzerland. In Piedimont, the peasants took arms against the French, 10,000 of whom, after a blockade of nine days, took the Piedmontele fortrefs of Ceva, the French garrifon of which, confifting of 325 men, they partly affaffinated and partly made prifoners of war, and conveyed to Mondovi, to be there confined in the citadel; the Austrians immediately fent a regular detachment to occupy the above mentioned fortrefs. General Count Klenan took Ferrara by capitulation.

The advanced guard of the Archduke's army paffed the Rhine without oppofition on the 21st of May, between Diffenchofen and Schaffhaufen, and moved forward to Aude fingen on the Thur. The army paffed in the following days, and encamped near Paradies On the 22d, the main body of General Hotz's corps alfo croffed the Rhine at different points between Balzers and the lake of Conftance, and on the following day the General fixed his head quarters at St. Gallen. In the courfe of the 25th of May, the French attacked all the corps that had paffed the Thur. They drove back General Nauendorff's advanced pofts from Nefelback, and obliged them to repafs the river at Audelfingen. Lieutenant General Petrafch's corps was attacked by the French just as it arrived on the heights of Frauenfeld, the affair lafted the whole day, and in the evening, the French fucceeded in obliging General Petrafch to retreat, and to take a pofition about half way between Frauenfeld and Wyll. During this engagement, the French had pufhed forward a column to the bridge of Pfin, with a view of covering the left flank of the corps that was engaged with General Petrafch. The advanced guard of General Hotze was alfo attacked, but it repulfed their opponents and drove them back as far as Elgg; in confequence however of the retreat of General Petrafch's corps, it was alfo compelled by the French to fall back. Early in the morning of the 26th of May, a column of the Archduke's army arrived at Pfin, and in the courfe of the day, encamped near Frouenfeld, where it was joined in the evening by the retreat

ing corps under General Petrafch. Soon after day light on the 27th, the Auftrians attacked the French in their pofition near Winterthur, who retreated in good order and took poft near the Trefs. The banks of that river are fo fteep that it affords an excellent pofition, but General Maffena, the French commander, did not think proper to defend it, but took poft behind the Glar, to which he was induced not only by the affair of Winterthur, but perhaps alfo by the march of a column of Auftrians towards his left flank.

On the 31st of May the advanced pofts of the two armies were feparated by the Glat. The French had an entrenched camp about a league from Zurich. Advice was received by the Auftrians about this time, that General Bellegarde's corps had passed St. Gothard. The Archduke Charles paffed the Glat on the 4th of June, and drove back the French to their camp before Zurich, after a smart action, in which neither gained much advantage. In the night of the 5th, Massena abandoned that pofition, leaving 36 pieces of artillery, and 15 ammunition waggons behind him, and the next day at noon he evacuated Zurich, croffing the Limufat at that place. But instead of retreating, as he informed the Directory to the mountains of Albis, the Archduke fays he took the direction of Baden.

In Italy alfo, the affair of the allies have lately been profperous. Turin, the capital of the Sardinian dominions, has furrendered to their army, and the strong citidal remains blockaded. Alessandria is alfo masked by a body of the allied army. The citadel of Ferrara has capitulated and the Auftro-Ruffian forces have taken the city of Ravenna. It is a fingular fpectacle, and truly characteristic of the Gallic legislature, to fee that affembly, while their troops are flying in all directions before a victorious enemy, and when the very existence of their republic is threatened, engaged in fpeculative difcuffions, and those comparatively of little importance.

The attention of the Council of Five Hundred was occupied in the beginning of this month for two or three days upon a long difcuffion on the liberty of the press Bertlier ftated that the 353d article of the conftitution enacts that no perfon fhall be prevented from printing and publishing, provided the author was refponfible in the cafes laid down by the law. This liberty is general, it admits of no diftinction between ordinary publications and periodical. He contended that circumitances rendered it expedient to

take

take off the restriction laid upon the liberty of the prefs by article the 35th of the law of the 19th of Fructidor. Coliot applauded the principles upon which the liberty of the prefs was founded, but difapproved of the plan of Bertlier as inadequate and impracticable. Creuze Latouche thought also that Bertlier's plan would not remedy the evil's complained of, and would produce a crowd of inconveniences, but the reftraint being taken off would afford a greater latitude to the agents of England and Auftria, to undermine the conftitution through the medium of the prefs, and particularly the diurnal prints, as in the fifth year, when Lord M- paid them 50,000 francs. He then enlarged upon the various evils which would arife from the licentiousness of the prefs-Public functionaries would be brought into contempt, the misfortunes of the republic exaggerated, and energetic meafures rendered neceffary by existing circumstances, would be denounced to the public as acts of tyranny.

Francois (de Nantes) strongly contended for the liberty of the prefs; adverting to the arguments drawn from its abuse he exclaimed, "What, because some men are fhort fighted or have only one eye, muft we therefore tear out the precious organ of light? Because the fun fhines alike upon the wicked and the good, ought we therefore to cover his face with an everlafting cloud? The people will not be deluded by evil journals; they have taken the manly gown in the field of victory. Let the journals, faid he, reftored to liberty, affift with all their efforts to render the republic triumphant!" Here applaufes refounded from the galleries.

HOLLAND.

The Batavian republic is making great preparations to defend itself against the attack which it is fuppofed Great-Britain is meditating against it.

The legislature in the month of May finally determined, that feudal rights and lordships fhould be abolished, and authorifed the Directory to ftate the mode of proceeding, and the indemnities to be made by the ftate. The article of the conftitution declaring the banishment of emigrants, and confifcation of property fince January 1795, was ratified by the fecond chamber on the 19th of May.

SWEDEN,

It appears by a declaration made by the king of Sweden to the diet of the empire as Duke of Pomerania, that he declares to his co-eftates, that he is ready to cause his contingent to march as Duke

of Pomerania for the protection of the empire against the French, and wishes that all well-difpofed members of the empire, particularly those who have the power to maintain it effectually, may imitate his example. In the courfe of this declaration his Majefty fays, "That it may perhaps be alledged, that the interefts of fome of the eftates of the empire prescribes to them what is termed a neutrality, but though he allows thofe fovereigns and countries to be excepted,which, from imperious circumstances, are prevented from fupporting the expence of the war, yet he does not fee any reafon for fuch conduct in those whofe fituation excludes the like excufe."

EAST-INDIES.

It appears by the latest intelligence from the Eaft, that general Stewart left Bombay in February laft for the Malabar coaft, to take the command of the Bombay army, which, in conjunction with that of Madrafs, it is fuppofed to move towards Seringapatam with a view to attack Tippoo, who is fufpected of some defign in conjunction with the French against the company.

It also appears that government by its vigilance had prevailed in reftoring tranquillity to feveral diftricts. That Žemaun Shats had been lefs alert in his movements, and that he had retreated about fourteen cofs from the place of his encampment. The coaft of Malabar was perfectly quiet, and four British frigates were cruiling in that direction. It was confidently reported at Bombay, that an attack was meditated against Java, great preparations being making for fome important expedition.

IRELAND.

Nothing materially interefting has lately happened in the fifter kingdom. On the` 1ft of June the Lord Lieutenant prorogued the Irish parliament till the 16th of July. The speech which his excellency made from the throne on this occafion was to the following purport:

"That he had received his majesty's command to release them from further attendance in parliament, in order that the various parts of the kingdom which were ftill agitated by the projects of the difaffected, might reap the advantages of their more immediate vigilance and protection. He thanked them in his Majefty's name for the continued zeal which they had manifefted for counteracting the wicked plots of internal confpirators, and for the defeat of every hoftile attempt in which the defperation of the eneiny

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