Page images
PDF
EPUB

We

particularly adapted to it; and a collec. tion of bugle-horn duets, with the light infantry duty. The compiled part of the publication does credit to Mr. Hyde's tafe and judgment, and the original matter is perfectly calculated for the purpose and ufe for which it is intended. fhould not be juft were we to difmifs this article without noticing that the chromatic trumpet owes its invention entirely to this ingenious practical musician; who at the end of the prefent work gives the following reafons for having attempted the improvement in which he has fo well fucceeded. "The plain trumpet being to imperfect, and fo confined in its fcale, I found it neceffary to invent fomething to make it perfect, and more univerfal, before I could feel any fatisfaction in playing it."

Dr. Burney, in his Hiftory of Mufic, has taken particular notice of the imperfect fourth and fixth; which imperfection is compleatly remedied by the chromatic trumpet; which alfo expreffes many notes never before attainable on this inftru

ment."

A Second Sett of Three Ducts for Two German Flutes, in which are introduced favourite National Airs, compofed, and dedicated to Mr. Graeff, by William Ling. 5. Rolfe.

Thefe duetts (in the first page of which the author declares it his intention fhortly to publifha fet of flute duettinos) are for the molt part written with elegance and contrivance. The parts are printed feparately, and run with an eafe and finqothness very favourable to young practitioners, as well as, grateful to thofe of a more experienced and refined ear. The national airs introduced in the work are, "Rofiin Caftle," an Irish lilt, and a celebrated Welch air, which Mr. Ling has handled with fo much tafte and addrefs, as to reader them equally pleafing and improving,

No. 5, of " Guida Armonica; or, Introduc tion to the general knowledge of Mufic, Theoretical and Pra&ical," in Two Parts. The First Part confifting of Sonatas, Airs and other Pieces for the Piano-Forte, with the requifits Inftructions for Fingering and Expreffion The Second Part containing Elleys on the feve ral Branches of the Science, with Illuftrations, Rules and Exercises of a familiar nature annexed to each, by J. Rolfe. 4s. 6d.

Longman, Clementi, and Co.

Our mufical readers will recollect that we have, fome time fince, recommended to their attention the four previous numbers of this ingenious and edifying workThe prefent nuniber opens with effay the fixth, on Modulation; in which Mr. Rolfe truly obferves that "Modulation is that branch of the fcience of music, the rules of which prefcribe the method of removing from one fcale to another, and that it is from this fource that the moft ftriking and varied effects of mufic arife." Tais definition is not, we must confess, very deep; but, as far as it goes, it is perfectly correct, and, perhaps, explains enough for that ftage of the fcience in which the ftudent is here fuppofed to be occupied. The exercifes on Modulation are very good. The fucceeding effay on Cadences is at once entertaining and in, forming, and the minor fcales in their a irregular cadence or clofe on the DOMINANT. fcending order is very uteful, as well as the We alfo approve of the exercifes on the accompaniment of the major fcale in its afcending order, in which the author ingenioufly illuftrates the perfect and irregular cadences. Eflay the eighth treats of the difcord of the flat 9th (as combined with its major 3d, and flat 7th) and its highly neceffary to be known are clearly fignatures, in which fome particulars and properly explained. The annexed appendix contains an illuftration of the pre

vious exercifes; and an Anthem com

pofed by Mr. Rolfe, in which we find spe

cimens both of tafte and fcience.

[blocks in formation]

the fame manner, as thofe do which are employed in the team engine, or fome other conftruction which fhall answer the fame end as thefe do. The pifton, in his machine, or whatever may be fubftituted for it, is moved by throwing thereupon, and taking off at pleasure, that preffure which the fluids above mentioned furnish us with; and this is effected by certain veffels, pipes, and valves, adapted to the cylinder, or connected with it. There are two principal pipes; one of them called the injection pipe, the other the eductionpipe. Thefe machines admit of feveral general kinds of conftruction, which differ from each other chiefly in the relative lengths of the injection and eductionpipes; for, either of thefe may be longer than the other, or both of them may be of equal length.

In Fig. 1, (See the Plate) A, reprefents the cylinder, with its piton. (In this cafe, the cylinder is clofed at bottom.) B, is a veffel, of any convenient form and magnitude; this is called the ciftern, becaufe the fluid which works the machine is conveyed into it, as into a refervoir. C, is the injection-pipe, having one end connected with the ciftern, and the other with the cylinder, in fuch a manner as to condu& the fluid from the ciftern into the cylinder, below the pifton. D, is a cock, or valve, by which the paffage of the fluid, along the pipe C, may be obftructed at pleafure; this is called the injection-valve, and may be placed in any part of the pipe. Another valve, or cock, at E, is denominated the eduction-valve, becaufe it is fixed in a pipe which ferves to draw the fluid off from the cylinder, and which is therefore named the eduction-pipe.

Suppofe an engine thus conftructed, with all its parts placed as reprefented in the figure, and each of them properly fupported, and fixed firmly in their feveral places, by means of mafonry or woodwork, or by any other means which will anfwer that purpose, its mode of operation may be easily underfood. Let the two valves, or cocks, which may be used inftead of them, be fhut, and the pifton near to the bottom of the cylinder. Fill the ciftern B with any kind of denfe fluid, fuch as water, oil, mercury, or the like; this fluid, whatever it be, will defcend along the injection pipe C, to the valve D, and is there ftopped. Open the injection-valve D, and the fluid will endeavour to pafs into the cylinder, preffing against the lower ude of the pifton, with a force equal to the weight of a column of the fame fluid, whofe bafe is the area of the pifton, and its al

titude equal to the height of the furface of the fluid in the ciftern above that in the cylinder. If, therefore, this force be greater than the aggregate weight of the pifton, its friction against the inside of the cylinder, and any other fortuitous preffure, the pifton itfelf muft afcend. When it reaches the top of the cylinder, or any other convenient height, let the ftate of the valves be altered, i. e. let the injec tion-valve D be shut, and the eduction. valve E be opened; the fluid in the cylinder will difcharge itself, and the pifien by its own weight will defcend. When this has regained its first fituation, let the ftate of the valves be again altered, and the froke may be repeated; and fo on, continually, while any fluid is left in the ciftern, or can be conveyed thither.

Fig. 2. reprefents another of these machines: it has its injection-pipe much fhorter than its eduction-pipe. Here alto, A, refers to the cylinder; B, to the ciftern. C, is the injection pipe; and D, the injection-valve. E, points qut the eduction-valve, and F, the eduction-pipe. At the lower end of this pipe is fixed a valve of any kind, opening downwards, which is kept immerfed in any open veffel, as G, filled with the fame kind of fluid as that which works the engine. Near to the top of the pipe, as at H, is a small fucking-pump, to be wrought by hand, or otherwife, which ferves to draw the air out of the pipe, before the machine is fet in motion; and alfo to extract any other elaftic fluid which may afterwards get into the pipe by accident, or be difengaged from the fluid which works the machine. At I, is a finall pipe, with a cock in it. One end of the pipe is immerfed in the veffel of fluid G, the other opens into the eduction-pipe. When the pump H is used, open the cock K, and the fluid will afcend in the eduction-pipe, as the air is extracted from it by the pump. The eduction pipe being filled, stop the cock at K, and the preffure of the atmosphere, upan the furface of the fluid in the veffel G, will keep that in the eduction-pipe from defcending, until the valve at E be opened.

In this ftructure of the engine, if the pif ton by any means be railed to the top of the cylinder, while the injection valve is open, the fluid wi'l follow the piston, and rife after it in the cylinder. But, when the valve at D is fhut, and the other at E is opened, the fluid will begin to discharge itfelf through the eduction-pipe, with a velocity proportioned to the length of that pipe, (if it be not longer than about thirtytwo feet,) and will produce a preffure

upon

upon the pifton answerable to its velocity. Mr. Luccock has ingeniously contrived a valve-box, which ferves the cylinder both as a basis and a bottom; he has also applied a fafety-pipe to prevent the accidents which would refult from the imperfect movements of the valves; and the valves themselves he opens and shuts by means of a plug-beam and tumbler.

Having given motion to a pifton, and by that means to a working lever, as in the fteam-engine, he proposes to convey the motion thence to machinery, or the like, either by means of the common crank, or any other of the methods now in ufe, or by a new and improved crank, of which he gives a copious defcription. The improvement confifts in refolving the power of the working end of the great beam, when it is in motion, into two or more parts, and in causing each to operate in a direction at right angles to each other, or at an angle approaching to a right one. The power of the engine may be refolved into two or more parts, and their united effort employed upon the circumference of a circle, by a variety of other methods; in each of which, however, he makes ufe of two or more fpears, one of them acting at fome angle to the other, which must be larger or fmaller, as circumstances render preferable; but, in general, the nearer the lines of their action approach to a right angle, the better. This improvement he intends to apply, not only to the paradoxical machine, but also to the fteamengine, and to any other cafe where it is neceffary to produce a revolving motion from an alternate one.

plied to various purpofes, particularly to drive machinery of any kind; to raise water for canals, where a fupply of it is wanted; and to any other purpose whatever which requires power of this kind; excepting in the cafe where an engine fimilar to that which is defcribed in Fig. 1, is placed wholly and entirely in a coal-pit, coal-mine or coal-work, or in the fhaft or paffage to fuch pit, mine, or work; the injection pipe of the faid engine also rif ing from the cylinder in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the horizon, or in a plane declining not more than twentyfive degrees from that perpendicular; the faid engine alfo not being furnished with a fafety-pipe; and provided likewife that the engine, fo fituated, be used folely for the purpose of raifing water, or coals, or both, in the faid pit, mine, or work, in which fuch engine is placed.

They may be conftructed of iron, or any other metal or fubftance which can endure the chemical action of the fluid which works the engine, and the preffure occafioned by its weight. The relpective parts alfo may be made of different materials; as for inftance, the cistern may be made of wood; the pipes, of tin or lead; the cylinder, of iron; the valves, of brafs, &c. or they may vary in other respects, as fhall be deemed convenient. Allo, the magnitude of thefe engines must be adapted to the fituation in which they are placed, and the work they have to do. The proportion alfo of the different parts which compofe them may vary at pleafure. It it neceffary that all the parts of the machine be properly fupported, and fixed in their feveral fituations.

The paradoxical machine may be apWe earnestly request that Patentees will not omit to favour us with the use of a Copy of their specifications. Mr. Brewin's, and fome others are deferred for want of room.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small]
[blocks in formation]
[ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small]
[ocr errors]

3

2

3

II

[ocr errors]

3

In the treatment of this disease the antiphlogistic plan must be obferved. In fome cafes the free ufe of the lancet has been neceffary; though in others this neceffity has been fuperfeded by adminiftering the cooling purgatives and antimonial remedies, and obferving a ftrictly antiphlogistic regimen. The cough may be palliated by demulcent I remedies, to which, if there be not much 8 fever, opiates may be added. Where the ufe of the lancet has been difpenfed with, the application of leeches to the cheft has fonie3 times been found an expedient practice, and a blifter applied to the fternum has relieved under the prevalence of cough and difficult refpiration.

2

3292

2

2

2

The measles which have lately occurred have proved a flight difeafe, fo that, in fome inftances, the patient hardly required any medical affiftance. The fever has been very inconfiderable, and the different catarrhal fymptoms have been just fufficient to characterize the disease. The eruption has made its appearance at the ufual time, and has gradually difappeared, in fome cafes, without leaving any confiderable degree of pneumonic affection. This termination does not always take place in the difeafe, when it is in other refpects favourable; fo that a caution is neceflary againft too foon taking it for granted that all confequences of the difeafe are over, when it has gone through its regular ftages. It has fometimes been obferved that where the difeafe has been of the milder kind, the fuc

[ocr errors]

Aphthæ in children have lately been more than ufually prevalent, and, in fome cafes, have proved very obftinate. This disorder is very common, and very well known by thofe who have the care of infants. It appears on the lips, the tongue, and different parts of the fauces in little white fpecks, which in fome cafes unite fo closely as to form a kind of cruft covering the whole infide of the moutha and throat. The firft crop is fometimes fucceeded by a fecond: this, though it may fometimes take place in the natural courfe of the difeafe, is often occafioned by an early and injudicious attempt to remove the cruft by fome topical applications. To keep the bowels open by gentle laxatives, and to correct the acidity, which frequently prevails, by the teftaceous powders, is perhaps the most proper plan of treatment.

A CORRECT LIST OF NEW PUBLICATIONS.

The following is offered to the Public as a complete List of all Publications within the Month.-Authors and Publifhers, who defire an early Notice of their Works, are intreated to tranfmit copies of the fame

ANTIQUITIES.

LITERARY Antiquities of Greece, as developed in an Attempt to afcertain Principles for a new Analyfis of the Greek Tongue, as applied to the elucidation of many paffages in the ancient Hiftory of that Country: with Obfervations concerning the Origin of feveral of the literal Characters in ufe among the Greeks; by the Rev. Philip Allavood. 4to. 11. 7s. boards.

White. Dodfley's Chronicles of the Kings of England. Bewick's cuts. 29.

Vernor and Hood. Domefday, or an actual Survey of South Britain, by command of William the Conqueror; faithfully tranflated, with Introduction, Notes, and Illuftrations, by Samuel Henfkall, M. A. and J. Wilkinson, M. D. F. R. S. No. L. 12s. to be compleated in 10 Numbers.

Nicol.

[blocks in formation]

Shakespeare's Tragedy of Mackbeth, with Notes and Emendations, by Harry Rowe. Svo. Vernor and Hood. The Corficans, a Drama, from the Ger

2s. 6d.

man. 2s.

JS.

Bell. The Ugly Club, a Dramatic Caricature. Cawthorn,

Pizarro, a Tragedy in Five Acts, as performed at the Theatre Royal Drury-lane; . extracted from Kotzebue's Spaniards in Peru, and adapted to the English Stage, by R. B. Sheridan, efq. 2s. 6d. Ridgway.

The Nephews, a Play, from the German of Iffland, by Hanibal Evans Lloyd, efq. 2s. 6d. Debrett.

Poverty and Noblenefs of Mind, a Play, from Kotzebue, by Maria Geifweiler. 2s. 6d. Geifweiler,

[blocks in formation]

Obfervations on the English and French Gun-Locks, and on one newly constructed, by an Officer of the Guards. Is. 6d.

Grellier. A Defcription, with Plates, of the TimeKeeper, invented by the late Mr. Thomas Mudge; with a Narrative, by his Son, of Measures taken to give effect to the Invention, fince the year 1793. 4to. 11. Is. boards. Cadell and Davies.

MEDICINE.

[blocks in formation]

The Auguft Fashions of London and Paris; containing Nine beautifully coloured figures of ladies in the actually prevailing and moft favourite dreffes of the month; intended for the ufe of milliners, &c. and of ladies of qua❤ lity and private families réfiding in the country, to be continued monthly. 1s. 6d.

Carpenter and Co. Narrative of the Deportation to Cayenne, of Barthelemy, Pichegru, Willett, &c. from the French of General Ramel. 4s. Wright.

The Wrangling Philofophers, or Volney's Answer to Dr. Priestley on his Obfervations on the Increase of Infidelity; with Obferva tions upon the Writings of modern Unbelievers, &c. 6d. Chapple.

Reflections on the Principles and Inftitu tions of Popery, with References to Civil Society and Government, efpecially that of this Kingdom; occafioned by the Rev. John Milner's Hiftory of Winchiefter. By John Sturges, L. L. D. 4to. 4s. fewed.

Cadell and Davies.
Afiatic Society of Bengal. Vol. 5th, 8vo.
Afiatic Researches, or Tranfactions of the

10s. 6d. 4to.
Vernor and Hood.
Crambe Repetita; a fecond Course of
Bubble and Squeak, with a Devil'd Biscuit.
2s. 6d.
Wright.
The Annual Hampshire Repofitory, or
Hiftorical, Economical, and Literary Mifcel
lany. Vol, 1, 8vo. 12s.

White.

A Letter to the Rev. John Milner, occafioned by his afperfions on the memory and writings of Dr. Hoadley, Bishop of Winchef ter; by Robert Hoadley Afhe, D. D. zs. 6d.

Bickerstaff.

Eugenio; or the Precepts of Prudentius, a An Effay on Medical Electricity, demon- Moral Tale, by J. Bidlake, A.B. 2s. 6d.

4D 2

Chapman.

« PreviousContinue »