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Hamnet had died in childhood, and there was no one to perpetuate the family name. From this time, about 1612, it is said that Shakespeare gradually ceased to interest himself in the theatres. He lived in retirement, but his popularity was continually increasing.

In 1614, John Coombe, bailiff or factor to the Earl of Warwick, died, and in his will he left as a legacy to "Mr. William Shakespeare, five pounds." In the same will, too, we find mention of “ Parson's Close, alias Shakspeare's Close," showing that the popular ear had caught up the poet's name, and used it as a preferential designation of the property thereby meant.

Of the poet's last days, and of his death, we have a curious record. It is contained in the Diary of the Rev. John Ward, Vicar of Stratford-upon-Avon, discovered several years ago, in the Library of the Medical Society of London. The diary extends from 1661 to 1663, and includes the following very characteristic entry :--"I have heard that Mr. Shakespeare was a natural witt, without any art at all; he frequented the plays all his younger days, but in his elder days lived at Stratford, and supplied the stage with two plays every year, and for it he had an allowance so large that he spent at the rate of a thousand a year, as I have heard. Shakspeare, Drayton, and Ben Jonson had a merry meeting, and, itt seems, drank too hard, for Shakspear died of a feavour there contracted. Remember to peruse Shakspeare's plays, and be versed in them, that I may not bee ignorant in the matter."

This is the only notice which is known to exist of the circumstances and cause of Shakespeare's death.

We know that our Poet was well in mind and body at the opening of the year in which he died; for on the 25th of January, 1616, he prepared the draft of his will, and declared that he was " In Perfect Health and Memory, God be Praised." A fortnight afterwards, he was occupied about the wedding of his daughter Judith, the twin sister of the deceased Hamnet. Judith was married to Thomas Quiney, vintner and wine-merchant, of Stratford, on the 10th of February, 1616. It is worthy of notice that she had just completed her thirty-second year, while the bridegroom was only twenty-seven. If the marriage of her parents had proved unhappy through the disparity of years, surely Judith would have taken warning, and would not have followed their example in this respect.

Perhaps Ben Jonson and Drayton came down to Stratford to witness Judith's wedding, and it is easy to conceive how the conviviality of a nuptial party at New Place might be magnified into "hard drinking at a merry meeting," especially when the festivity was so soon followed by the sudden death of the head of the house.

This, we may conclude, was the "merry meeting," the last scene of rejoicing over which Shakespeare presided. Two months afterwards, his friends gathered together again, to carry him to his grave. He died on the 23rd of April, on his fifty-third birthday. We cannot tell the cause of his death, but it is possible that there may be a grain of truth in the traditionary account preserved by the Rev. John Ward, and quoted above. Dr. John Hall probably attended his father-in-law during his last illness, but he makes no allusion to it in his list of remarkable cases which came under his notice. All we know with certainty respecting this period is, that on January the 25th, Shakespeare had his will drafted; on February the 10th, his daughter Judith was married; on March the 25th, he executed his will; ɔn April the 23rd he died; and on April the 25th, he was buried. His burial is entered on the Stratford register thus :

:

1616, April 25th. Will. Shakspere, Gent

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Boats. Here, master: What cheer? Master. Good: Speak to the mariners: fall to t yarely, or we run ourselves aground: bestir, bestir. [Exit.

Enter Mariners.

Boats. Heigh, my hearts; cheerly, cheerly, my hearts; yare, yare: Take in the topsail: Tend to the master's whistle.-Blow till thou burst thy wind, if room enough!

Enter ALONSO, SEBASTIAN, ANTONIO, FERDINAND, GONZALO, and others.

Alon. Good boatswain, have care.

the master? Play the men.

Boats. I pray now, keep below. Ant. Where is the master, boson?

Where's

Boats. Do you not hear him? You mar our labour: Keep your cabins: You do assist the

storm.

Hence!

What care

Gon. Nay, good, be patient. Boats. When the sea is. these roarers for the name of king? To cabin: silence; trouble us not.

Gon. Good; yet remember whom thou hast aboard.

Boats. None that I more love than myself. You are a counsellor; if you can command these elements to silence, and work the peace of the present, we will not hand a rope more; use your authority. If you cannot, give thanks you have lived so long, and make yourself ready in your cabin for the mischance of the hour, if it so hap.-Cheerly, good hearts.-Out of our way, I say. [Excit. Gon. I have great comfort from this fellow: methinks he hath no drowning mark upon him; his complexion is perfect gallows. Stand fast, good fate, to his hanging! make the rope of his destiny our cable, for our own doth little advantage! If he be not born to be hanged our case is miserable. [Exeunt.

Re-enter Boatswain. Boats. Down with the topmast; yare; lower, lewer; bring her to try with main-course. [A cry within.] A plague upon this howling! they are louder than the weather or our office.

Re-enter SEBASTIAN, ANTONIO, and GONZALO. Yet again? what do you here? Shall we give o'er and drown? Have you a mind to sink?

Seb. A pox o' your throat! you bawling, blasphemous, incharitable dog!

Boats. Work you, then.

Ant. Hang, cur, hang! you whoreson, insolent noise-maker, we are less afraid to be drowned than thou art.

Gon. I'll warrant him for drowning; though the ship were no stronger than a nut-shell, and as leaky as an unstanched wench.

Boats. Lay her a-hold, a-hold: set her twe courses; off to sea again; lay her off. Enter Mariners, wet. Mar. All lost! to prayers, to prayers! all lost! [Exeunt.

Boats. What, must our mouths be cold? Gon. The king and prince at prayers! let us [assist them,

For our case is as theirs.

Seb. I am out of patience.

Ant. We are merely cheated of our lives by

drunkards.

This wide-chopp'd rascal;-'Would thou mightst
lie drowning,
The washing of ten tides!
Gon.
He'll be hang'd yet;
Though every drop of water swear against it,
And gape at wid'st to glut him.

[Exit. [Exit.

[A confused noise within.]-Mercy on us! [dren! We split, we split!-Farewell, my wife and chilFarewell, brother! We split, we split, we split! Ant. Let's all sink with the king Seb. Let's take leave of him. Gon. Now would I give a thousand furlongs of sea for an acre of barren ground; long heath, brown furze, anything: The wills above be done! but I would fain die a dry death. [Exit.

SCENE II.-The Island: before the Cell of
Prospero.

Enter PROSPERO and MIRANDA.
Mira. If by your art, my dearest father, you have
Put the wild waters in this roar, allay them:
The sky, it seems, would pour down stinking pitch,
But that the sea, mounting to the welkin's cheek,
Dashes the fire out. O, I have suffer'd
With those that I saw suffer! a brave vessel,

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comfort.

The direful spectacle of the wrack, which touch'd
The very virtue of compassion in thee,
I have with such provision in mine art
So safely order'd, that there is no soul-
No, not so much perdition as an hair,
Betid to any creature in the vessel [Sit down;
Which thou heard'st ery, which thou saw'st sink.
For thou must now know farther.
Mira,

You have often
Begun to tell me what I am; but stopp'd
And left me to a bootless inquisition;
Concluding, "Stay, not yet."

Pro.

The hour's now come; The very minute bids thee ope thine ear; Obey, and be attentive. Canst thou remember A time before we came unto this cell?

I do not think thou canst; for then thou wast not Out three years old.

Mira.

Certainly, sir, I can.

Pro. By what? by any other house, or person? Of anything the image tell me that

Hath kept with thy remembrance.

Mira.

"T is far off; And rather like a dream than an assurance That my remembrance warrants: Had I not Four or five women once that tended me? [it is Pro. Thou hadst, and more, Miranda: But how That this lives in thy mind? What see'st thou else In the dark backward and abysm of time? If thou remember'st aught ere thou cam'st here, How thou cam'st here thou mayst. Mira. But that I do not. Pro. Twelve year since, Miranda, twelve year since

Thy father was the Duke of Milan, and

A prince of power.
Mira.
Sir, are not you my father?
Pro. Thy mother was a piece of virtue, and
She said thou wast my daughter; and thy father
Was Duke of Milan; and his only heir
And princess no worse issued.
Mira.
O, the heavens !
What foul play had we, that we came from thence?
Or blessed was 't we did?

Pro.
Both, both, my girl;
By foul play, as thou say 'st, were we heav'd thence;

But blessedly holp hither.
Mira.

O, my heart bleeds
To think o' the teen that I have turn'd you to, [ther.
Which is from my remembrance! Please you far-
Pro. My brother, and thy uncle, call'd Antonio,-
I pray thee mark me that a brother should
Be so perfidious;-he whom, next thyself,
Of all the world I lov'd, and to him put
The manage of my state, as, at that time,
Through all the signiories it was the first,
And Prospero the prime duke, being so reputed
In dignity; and for the liberal arts

Without a parallel: those being all my study,
The government I cast upon my brother,
And to my state grew stranger, being transported,
And rapt in secret studies. Thy false uncle-
Dost thou attend me?

Mira.

Sir, most heedfully. Pro. Being once perfected how to grant suits, How to deny them; whom to advance, and whom To thrash for overtopping; new created The creatures that were mine, I say, or chang'd them Or else new form'd them; having both the key Of officer and office, set all hearts i' th' state To what tune pleas'd his ear; that now he was The ivy which had hid my princely trunk, [not. And suck'd my verdure out on't.-Thou attend'st Mira. O good sir, I do.

Pro.

I pray thee, mark me.
I thus neglecting wordly ends, all dedicated
To closeness, and the bettering of my mind
With that, which, but by being so retir'd,
O'er priz'd all popular rate, in my false brother
Awak'd an evil nature: and my trust,
Like a good parent, did beget of him
A falsehood, in its contrary as great

As my trust was; which had, indeed, no limit,
A confidence sans bounds. He being thus lorded,
Not only with what my revenue yielded,
But what my power might else exact, like one
Who having unto truth, by telling of it,
Made such a sinner of his memory,
To credit his own lie,-he did believe
He was indeed the duke; out of the substitution,
And executing the outward face of royalty,
With all prerogative: Hence his ambition growing,
Dost thou hear?
Mira. Your tale, sir, would cure deafness.
Pro. To have no screen between this part he
play'd,

And him he play'd it for, he needs will be
Absolute Milan: Me, poor man! my library
Was dukedom large enough; of temporal royalties
He thinks me now incapable: confederates
(So dry he was for sway) with the King of Naples,
To give him annual tribute, do him homage;
Subject his coronet to his crown, and bend
The dukedom, yet unbow'd, (alas poor Milan!)
To most ignoble stooping.
Mira.
O the heavens! [me
Pro. Mark his condition, and the event; then tell
If this might be a brother.
Mira.
I should sin
To think but nobly of my grandmother:
Good wombs have borne bad sons.

Pro.
Now the condition
This King of Naples, being an enemy
To me inveterate, hearkens my brother's suit;
Which was, that he, in lieu o'the premises
Of homage, and I know not how much tribute,
Should presently extirpate me and mine
Out of the dukedom; and confer fair Milan,
With all the honours, on my brother: Whereon

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That hour destroy us?

Wherefore did they not

Pro. Well demanded, wench; My tale provokes that question. Dear, they durst not (So dear the love my people bore me); nor set A mark so bloody on the business; but With colours fairer painted their foul ends. In few, they hurried us aboard a bark: Bore us some leagues to sea; where they prepar'd A rotten carcase of a butt, not rigg'd, Nor tackle, sail, nor mast; the very rats Instinctively have quit it: there they hoist us, To cry to the sea that foar'd to us; to sigh To the winds, whose pity, sighing back again, Did us but loing wrong.

Mira. Was I then to you. Pro.

Alack! what trouble

Ca cherubim

Thou wast that did preserve me! Thou didst smile,
Infused with a fortitude fro heaven,

When I have deck'd the sea with drops full salt;
Under my burthen groan'd: whie, rais'd in me
An undergoing stomach, to bear up
Against what should ensue.

Mira.

How came we ashore?

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Sit still, and hear the last of our sea-sorrow.
Here in this island we arriv'd; and here
Have I, thy schoolmaster, made thee more profit
Than other princess can, that have more time
For vainer hours, and tutors not so careful.
Mira. Heavens thank you for 't! And now, I
pray you, sir,

(For still 't is beating in my mind,) your reason For raising this sea-storm?

Pro.

Know thus far forth. By accident most strange, bountiful Fortune, Now my dear lady, hath mine enemies Brought to this shore: and by my prescience I find my zenith doth depend upon A most auspicious star; whose influence If now I court not, but omit, my fortunes Will ever after droop.-Here cease more questions; Thou art inclined to sleep; 't is a good dulness, And give it way;-I know thou canst not choose. [MIRANDA sleeps. Come away, servant, come: I am ready now;

Approach, my Ariel; come.

Enter ARIEL.

Ari. All hail, great master! grave sir, hail! com To answer thy best pleasure; be 't to fly,

To swim, to dive into the fire, to ride

On the curl'd clouds: to thy strong bidding task
Ariel, and all his quality.
Pro.
Hast thou, spirit,
Perform'd to point the tempest that I bade hee?
Ari. To every article.

I boarded the king's ship: now on the beak,
Now in the waist, the deck, in every cabin,
I flam'd amazement: Sometime I 'd divide
And burn in many places; on the topmast,
The yards, and bowsprit, would I flame distinctly,
Then meet, and join: Jove's lightning, e pre-

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Close by, my master.

Pro. But are they, Ariel, safe?
Ari.

Not a hair perish'd;
On their sustaining garments not a blemish,.
But fresher than before: and, as thou bad'st me,
In troops I have dispers'd them 'bout the isle:
The king's son have I landed by himself;
Whom I left cooling of the air with sighs,
In a odd angle of the isle, and sitting,
His arms in this sad knot.
Pro.
Of the king's ship
The mariners, say, how thou hast dispos'd,
And all the rest o'the fleet.

Ari. Safely in harbour Is the king's ship; in the deep nook, where once Thou call'dst me up at midnight to fetch dew From the still-vexed Bermoothes, there she's hid 'The mariners all under hatches stow'd; Whom, with a charm join'd to their suffer'd labour, I have left asleep and for the rest o'the fleet, Which I dispers'd, they all have met again; And are upon the Mediterranean flote, Bound sadly home for Naples ;

Supposing that they saw the king's ship wrack'd
And his great person perish.

Pro.
Ariel, thy charm
Exactly is perform'd; but there's more work.
What is the time o' the day?

Ari.
Past the mid season.
Pro. At least two glasses: The time 'twixt six

and now

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forgot

The foul witch Sycorax, who, with age and envy,
Was grown into a hoop? hast thou forgot her?
Ari. No, sir.
[tell me.
Pro. Thou hast: Where was she born? speak;
Ari. Sir, in Argier.
Pro.
O, was she so? I must
Once in a month, recount what thou hast been,
Which thou forgett'st. This damn'd witch, Sycorax,
For mischiefs manifold, and sorceries terrible
To enter human hearing, from Argier,
Thou know'st, was banish'd; for one thing she did
They would not take her life: Is not this true?
Ari. Ay, sir.
[with child,
Pro. This blue-eyed hag was hither brought
And here was left by the sailors: Thou, my slave,
As thou report'st thyself, wast thou her servant:
And, for thou wast a spirit too delicate
To act her earthy and abhorr'd commands,
Refusing her grand hests, she did confine thee,
By help of her more potent ministers,
And in her most unmitigable rage,
Into a cloven pine; within which rift
Imprison'd, thou didst painfully remain
A dozen years, within which space she died,

And left thee there; where thou didst vent thy
groans,

As fast as mill-wheels strike: Then was this island
(Save for the son that she did litter here,
A freckled whelp, hag-born) not honour'd with
A human shape.

Ari.

Yes; Caliban her son.

Pro. Dull thing, I say so; he, that Caliban,
Whom now I keep in service. Thou best know'st
What torment I did find thee in: thy groans
Did make wolves howl, and penetrate the breasts
Of ever-angry bears: it was a torment
To lay upon the damn'd, which Sycorax
Could not again undo; it was mine art,
When I arriv'd, and heard thee, that made gape
The pine, and let thee out.

Ari.

I thank thee, master.

Pro. If thou more murmur'st, I will rend an oak,
And peg thee in his knotty entrails, till
Thou hast howl'd away twelve winters.
Ari.

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I do not love to look on.
Pro.

But, as 't is,

We cannot miss him: he does make our fire,
Fetch in our wood, and serves in offices
That profit us. What ho! slave! Caliban!
Thou earth, thou! speak.

Cal. [Within.] There 's wood enough within.
Pro. Come forth, I say; there 's other business
Come, thou tortoise! when!
[for thee:

Re-enter ARIEL, like a water-nymph.
Fine apparition! My quaint Ariel,
Hark in thine ear.
Ari.
My lord, it shall be done. [Exit.
Pro. Thou poisonous slave, got by the devil
Upon thy wicked dam, come forth! [himself

Enter CALIBAN.

Cal. As wicked dew as e'er my mother brush'd
With raven's feather from unwholesome fen,
Drop on you both! a south-west blow on ye,
And blister you all o'er.
[cramps,

Pro. For this, be sure, to-night thou shalt have
Side-stitches that shall pen thy breath up; urchins
Shall, for that vast of night that they may work,
All exercise on thee: thou shalt be pinch'd
As thick as honeycomb, each pinch more stinging
Than bees that made them.

Cal.
I must eat my dinner.
This island's mine, by Sycorax my mother,
Which thou tak'st from me. When thou camest

first,

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sty me

In this hard rock, whiles you do keep from me
The rest of the island.

Pro.
Thou most lying slave,
Whom stripes may move, not kindness: I have
us'd thee,

Filth as thou art, with human care; and lodg'd thee
In mine own cell, till thou didst seek to violate
The honour of my child.

Cal. O ho, O ho!-'would it had been done!
Pardon, master; Thou didst prevent me; I had peopled else
This isle with Calibans.

I will be correspondent to command,
And do my spríting gently.
Pro.

Do so; and after two days

I will discharge thee.
Ari.
That's my noble master!
What shall I do? say what: what shall I do?

Pro. Go make thyself like a nymph o' the sea;
Be subject to no sight but thine and mine; invisible
To every eyeball else. Go, take this shape,
And hither come in 't: go, hence, with diligence.
[Exit ARIEL

Abhorred slave;

[hour

Pro.
Which any print of goodness will not take,
Being capable of all ill! I pitied thee,
Took pains to make thee speak, taught thee each
One thing or other: when thou didst not, savage,
Know thine own meaning, but wouldst gabble like
A thing most brutish, I endow'd thy purposes
With words that made them known: But thy vile
race,
[natures
Though thou didst learn, had that in 't which good

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