1

Four

French. In 1781, he was made post, rette, &c. Many French officers of and had the command of the Ariadne. distinction embarked in the Flora, Soon after he had attained the rank along with the Earl of Moira, Geneof post captain, he had an engage- rals Crosby, Hunter, &c. ment with a French frigate L'Aigle thousand men were landed in the of 44 guns and 400 men. The ac- island of Guernsey, where continuing tion lasted near an hour, when the two months, without being able to frigate hauled her wind from the execute the first design, they were Ariadne (of only 20 guns), and by disembarked at Cowes, in the Isle of superior sailing made St. Maloes. Wight. The admiral removed his The admiralty now gave him the flag to the Cumberland 74 guns, and command of the Winchelsea frigate, sent the Flora with three other ships 32 guns, attached to the fleet of Sir of war on a cruise off the French John Lockart Ross, in the North coast. Under these orders Sir John Seas. The last service Captain War- Warren drove two of the enemy's ren performed before the peace of cruisers into port, and captured a 1758, was that of watching the Republican corvette brig of 18 guns Dutch fleet off the Texel, where he and 100 men. took three privateers.

Intelligence being received that a The American war being at an end, squadron of French frigates from Sir John had an opportunity of en- Cancale Bay had made prizes of many joying that society in which he was of our merchantmen in the mouth of so deservedly esteemed. He married the Channel, Sir John was dispatched the youngest daughter of General Sir in the Flora, as commodore, with the John Clavering, K. B. whose lady Arethusa, Concorde, La Nymphe, was a daughter of Earl Delawarr. and the Melampus. The French He made two cruises in the interval were powerful and swift sailing frie of peace, one as a volunteer in a gates; one of them, however, the squadron of evolution, composed of Carmagnole, had run ashore during a six ships of the line and three frigates, chase and bilged. On the 23d of under Cominodore Leveson Gower. April, 1794, the four ships of the About this time he was appointed a enemy, with La Pomone at their groom of the bedchamber to his Royal head, left the Bay, in hopes of interHighness the Duke of Clarence, with cepting the trade from Cork. An whom he served on board the Va- engagement ensued that lasted three liant of 74 guns. hours; the glorious result of which Upon the rupture with France in was, the capture of La Pomone and 1793, he sailed from Spithead in the two other of those fine frigates; the Flora of 36 guns, accompanied by third La Resolue escaped into Mor another frigate, as convoy to the Lis- laix, Sir John Warren's narrative of bon and Oporto ships. Admiral the brilliant affair gave universal saCosby, with five sail of the line, co- tisfaction, and his Majesty soon after vered this service. While the con- created him a Knight of the Bath. voy was preparing to return, Sir John At the end of the same year, the Warren chased a frigate into L'Orient, commodore was dispatched with a and captured L'Affamée, French stronger squadron, with which he privateer on his way back to Lisbon. drove a French ship of 40 guns, La He arrived with the Druid and Fury Felicité, on the Penmark Rocks. sloop in the Downs during the month A plan having been formed in the of October, having safely convoyed British cabinet, at the representation a hundred sail of merchantmen. In the of some emigrant officers with the next year he was employed in an ar- design of co-operating with the duous service; a squadron of frigates Chouans of the Vendée, Commodore was placed under Admiral M Bride's Warren, from his knowledge of the flag for convoying a body of the Bri- French coast, received orders to tish troops, with the view of assisting hoist his broad pendant in La Pothe Royalist army in Brittany, under mone, and command the naval dethe French Generals L'Escure, Cha- partment. Fifty transports having

three thousand emigrant troops on minent danger. The republican Geboard, under the orders of M. de Puy- neral Hoche was collecting two cosaye and the Comte D'Hervilly, lumns of the choicest of his republisailed from the Isle of Wight, when, can troops, of eight thousand men after a tedious passage of more than each, from Nantz and other parts of a fortnight, and narrowly escaping the Vendée, to which were added Rear-admiral Villaret Joyeuse with the seamen and marines of the dethe whole of the French fleet be- feated fleet, which Lord Bridport had fore they had joined the western driven into L'Orient. In this dansquadron under Lord Bridport, they gerous position, the Royalist general anchored in the Bay of Quiberon, on made a gallant attempt to turn the the 4th of July, 1795. As the naval right flank of Hoche's army, which commander had been apprised by a had posted itself on the favourable chasse marée of the near approach of heights of Sainte Barbe. The comthe noble lord with the fleet, he be- modore did all he could to second gan to disembark the troops that this design, by landing another body night and the next day, on the of Chouans, supported by two hun morning of which, Sir John Warren dred marines on the other flank; detached a part of his line of battle the attack on the Republicans, howships to join the fleet of Lord Brid- ever, failed, the assailants were re port. They did not come up with pulsed, and a great part of them ran him until the action off L'Orient, on over to the enemy. The commodore the 23d of the same month, which seeing the Royalists broken, retreatcontributed to add to the naval glory ing, and vigourously pursued, brought of the country. This expedition has up his launches as close as possible to been represented in a light which has the beach, and as each of them car greatly impugned the sagacity and the ried an eighteen or 24-pounder, humanity of the cabinet of Great the fire from them so much galled Britain. Its final and fatal termina- the flank of the enemy's column, tion was certainly the cause of our that the Royalists rallied and made a losing the confidence of the remain- good retreat into the fort. This poder of our emigrant friends. The sition was maintained for more than whole emigrant force was landed at three weeks by the Royalists; but the village of Saint Genes without desertion and despair seized the gar the loss of a man, so well was this rison, while the Republican troops part of the business performed: but flushed with hopes and strengthened a dismal tragedy was about to com- by numbers menaced their adversamence. Sir Jolin was employed se- ries with speedy destruction. The veral days in landing arms and am- Comte de Sombreuil, with a courage munition for sixteen thousand Roy- and resolution deserving a better fate, alists, who were represented by the after covering the retreat of the beaten chiefs of that army as ready to join Royalists, threw himself into the fort the standard against the Republicans. and was taken in it, although strongly The peninsula of Quiberon is a very solicited to embark with other oth strong position, and an attack on it cers and Royalist inhabitants, which was projected by the generals without were brought off by the boats of the delay. The whole force advanced squadron. On our part nothing that towards the fort, and as it was in- skill could effect was wanting to envested by D'Hervilly with two thou- sure success, nor was there less vasand emigrant troops on the other lour displayed by several of the Royside, it quickly fell into the hands of alist generals; but the Comte de the Royalists, and the garrison of six Puysaye, who had been fixed on for hundred men having surrendered, the chief command, was thought de were sent prisoners to England. ficient in talent, and even equivocal The Royalist force penetrated as far in principle, having been adjutantas Vannes, Auray, Pentivi, and to general to Wimpfen, who, though within three leagues of L'Orient, but an adversary to the convention in the now it began to be apprized of its im- time of Marat and Robespierre, was

nevertheless no friend to royalty. French ships, under the orders of The melancholy conclusion of this Mons. Bompard, which had been project drew a considerable obloquy fitted out with the design of aiding on its first projectors; and the dis- the rebellion in Ireland, having Mr. graceful death of its best supporters, Wolfe Tone with them. He cap(for they were shot as traitors) tar- tured the Hoche of 80 guns, and three nished the reputation and even the frigates, all full of troops, thereby integrity of the British character. frustrating the most dangerous at• The measures did unquestionably tempt upon the sister kingdom. For appear to be ill concerted; for the Bri- this signal service, the thanks of both tish squadron was, when too late, houses of parliament were voted the joined by several transports, with commodore, who was soon after between three or four thousand raised to the rank of rear-admiral of troops, as well as by the Jason fri- the blue. In 1801, the admiral was gate, with his Royal Highness the sent to the Mediterranean after AdComte D'Artois and Duc de Bour- miral Gantheaume: but the peace of bon on board. The presence of these 1802 put an end to the exploits of this personages might have given more enterprising officer. The war howcountenance and life to the attempt; ever, had deprived him of a beloved but their arriving only in time to wit- son, a captain in the Guards, who fell ness the tragical catastrophe of their on service in the inhospitable clime adherents and abettors, put a damp of Egypt. upon their hopes of ever being rein- He was sent on an embassy to Russtated in their ancient dignities. sia, where he is said to have evinced After this laborious but unprofita- considerable diplomatic knowledge. ble service, Sir John Warren was After this he was promoted to be occupied by immediate orders from rear-admiral of the white. Since the the Admiralty to watch the French renewal of the war, the admiral has coast, and keep the harbour of Fal- not been less active; he has made mouth and that interesting part of the some captures, and was sent in quest channel free from an enemy. He of Jerome Bonaparte in the West Intook the Etoile and four merchant- dies, but without success. Sir John men out of a convoy going for pro- Warren was member for Nottingvisions for the Brest fleet; and, on ham in the last parliament. account of the protection he afforded To conclude the character of this the trade and commerce of England, excellent officer, of whose various the committee of merchant seamen services a volume might be written, for the encouragement of the capture suffice it to say, that, as he entered of the enemy's privateers, presented the navy by choice at an early age, so him with a sword of a hundred gui- has he ever been eager to add to its neas value. It was ascertained that glory. It has been a subject of surthe commodore had captured, de- prise to many, that this veteran seastroyed, recaptured, and detained man has not been required to take a above two hundred ships, by means signal part in the active operations at of the different commands put into present on foot.

his hands of frigates, fleets, &c. In Of his private character it is amia1797, Sir John was appointed to the ble and moral, nor was it ever ha Canada; his ship was one of those zarded but in the intimacy with the ordered to watch the motions of the late Lord Lyttelton, Capt. O'Burne, French fleet at Brest, then on the eve and their party. He writes an exof sailing, Being off the Bec de cellent letter, and though apparently Chevre when two frigates were com- of a reserved carriage, he is not ing out of L'Iroise passage, he occa- difficult of access. He is obeyed by sioned them to run foul of each his ship's crew, from his suavity of other, by which one was greatly da- manner and the reasonableness of his maged. On the 11th of October, orders more than from any other mo1798, having the command of a strong tive. The admiral is now in his 57th squadron, he discovered the fleet of year, and enjoys good health,

SECTION of the HYDRAULIC RAM of side, through which passes the conM.MONTGOLFIER, from the Bulle- ducting pipe L.U. the lower extretin de la Societe d'Encouragement, mity of which reaches nearly to the communicated by Mr. Stansbury. bottom of the bell or air-vessel R.; MONTGOLFIER observes, that the piece of wood on which the ma

M.MONTGOLI PROD to raise chine rests, is continued under the

water to considerable heights, and we head, and is there supported itself by cannot employ the power of men or solid masonry erected at H. in order horses on account of the expensive- to give the greatest degree of firmness ness; he has therefore had recourse to the whole. The action of the mato a peculiar application of the power chine is thus described: the valve G. which is afforded by nature in falls of being open, the water which fills the water, to raise a part of that water to cylinder B.C.D.O. runs with increasany height that may be required. ing rapidity through the orifice 0. His principal aim being a saving of and disperses itself on all sides. It is expence, he has endeavoured to adopt found that a certain point of velocity the most simple construction in his the impression of the current raises power, and has therefore abandoned the valve G. and closes the opening the whole system of wheels and O. instantly the cylinder of water is pumps on which so many persons arrested in its course; but the imhave laboured ineffectually. The fol- petus it had acquired exerts itself by lowing description will shew the sim- a pressure against the sides of the tunplicity of his contrivance, the inge- nel B.C.D.Ö. and these being very nuity of which has perhaps never been strong the force applies itself to rais surpassed.-A represents the abut- ing the valve K. and pressing a cerment, or dam, retaining the running tain portion of water into the air-veswater to force it to pass by the cone sel R.; this force being thus exhaustB. through the long tunnel or cylin- ed, the pressure which raised the der of iron or copper C. D. which is valve G. exists no longer, and it again well fastened to the masonry or wall, descends by its own weight, leaving and rests firmly on blocks the whole the orifice O. free as at first; when length The height of the water the water again begins to run, and above the cone B. is supposed to be the same operation is repeated; this four feet, and the length of the tun- does not require long to perform, frenel is not stated; at the extremity quent y not more thon half a second, D. is adapted a piece of iron or cop sometimes three seconds, according per called the ram-head; there are to the dimensions of the machine. two ortices, one at G. which is closed It has already been observed, that by the rising of the valve G.; the the arrestedt impetus of the current other I. which is closed by the valve forces a portion of water into the airK. descending; over the last is placed vessel: by the repetition of this acan air-vessel R. having a hole on one tion the air becomes compressed, and

positions are convertible, I must persist, until stronger arguments be urged against my opinion, to regard the words

by its re-action on the surface of the of coinciding with Attalus, that the water in the bill, obliges it to rise in the pipe L.U. to the greatest height that can be required; for example, 1280 feet; in this case the pressure In altero miseris perfugium; in alwill be equal to forty times that of tero, malis pernicies," as a uniform the atmosphere; the air will there- and spirited conclusion, which will fore be reduced to a fortieth of its or- ever find its echo in the breast of any dinary volume, and consequently the scholar who peruses it. DUIDIUS, valve K. cannot be raised but by a THE MAN OF SENSIBILITY. counter force of more than that exA Fragment. erted on its upper surface; it follows then that in proportion to the height the water is carried at U. must be the increase of the head or fall at A. This experiment of 1280 feet has been tried, and was crowned with complete success, which shews that this invention is applicable to all possible

cases of ascencion.

I

REPLY TO ATTALUS.

*

I had just turned the gateway, when my ears were arrested by the following eloquent apostrophe:

"Thou shalt live, poor trifler; I will not needlessly shed thy innocent blood! Whatever exists demands the reverence and forbearance of man-and thou shalt experience mine. I will nourish thee with my own blood! Oh Sensibility! how extatic are thy transports! with what a flood of rapture WAS not a little surprised at the solve to spare this harmless creature's life! is my heart overwhelmed, now that I recensure which your correspondent Let me gaze upon thee once again! HelpAttalus, from Liverpool (see Univer- less,unoffending being! Come return again sal Mag, for May, p. 410) has at- to my bosom, and enjoy thy former bliss." tempted to establish against the con- Moved at the feeling with which sistency of that fine passage in Sallust, these last words were uttered, I turned which so masterly delineates the cha- round to behold the speaker!—I startracters of Cato and Cæsar: in the ed back with astonishment! first part, says your corresspondent, It was a beggar! squalid, and disthey obtain different ends by different gusting. Covered with rags and filth, means; but in the latter, the posi- he seemed to be the very refuse of hu tions are convertible. This I am un- man nature! At his side lay his walable to comprehend; and in order to let, filled with bones and offal: his afford him a fair opportunity of ascer- beard was long and dirty: and his taining whether or not this circum- whole appearance tended to excite stance be attributable to the hebeta- disgust. "Can it be possible," I extion of my faculties, you will allow claimed to myself," that this hideous me, Sir, to transcribe the text: 'being possesses a heart so overflowing Magnitudo animi par; item glo- with tenderness and philanthropy? ria: sed alia alii. Cæsar beneficiis But let me not be deceived. I will ac munificientia_magnus habebatur; homage humanity wherever I find itintegritate vitæ Cato. Ille mansuetu- whether in the monarch or the beggar." dine et misericordia clarus factus; I advanced towards him; my heart huic severitas diguitatem adderat. palpitated with indescribable emoCæsar, dando, sublevando, ignoscen- tions! I felt a reciprocity of sentido; Cato, nihil largiundo; gloriam ment, and seemed to share in those adeptus est." feelings he had lately uttered. I even viewed him as something sacred.

66

able man! how rich must you be in the delights of sensibility. What is it that you are thus resolved to shelter and nurture in your bosom, thou man of feeling?"

The sole consequence of the qualities ascribed to each is glory; this "Friend!" I exclaimed, "I have listened will be readily perceived by attending with delight to the emanation of feeling to those words which I discriminated which has just proceeded from you. Amifrom the rest. Cato practises the sterner virtues; Cæsar, the milder: the latter could not therefore exchange situations, as Attalus affirms, with Cato, in the subjoined clause; nor could Cato have founded his reputation on relieving the miserable, without a dereliction from those virtues that are more peculiarly his fort.-In lieu then

"A louse, an' please your worship !!!" back into the kennel. "A louse !!!" I vociferated and sprang

"Yes, your honour-a crab-louse." "Hell and damnation," I muttered, and walked away.