year; together with an account of the produce, the weight per Winchester bushel; and a sample, not less than a quart, be produced to the Society on or before the second Tuesday in February, 1805.

It is supposed that sowing wheat early in the spring will not only allow more time to till the land, but less for the growth of weeds; thus rendering the wheat as clean as a barley crop, and exhausting the soil much less than autumnal sowing. It may be seen in the 19th volume, that the wheat usually sown in autumn may be put into the ground, with great success, so late as February or March, thus giving time to clear the ground from turnips, or to avoid a bad season. 32. BEANS AND WHEAT. To the person who shall have dibbled or drilled, between the 1st of December, 1803, and the 1st of April, 1804, the greatest quantity of land, not less than ten acres, with beans, in equidistant rows, and hoed the intervals twice or oftener, and shall have sown the same land with wheat in the autumn of the year 1804; the gold medal. It is required that an account of the sort and quantity of beans, the time of dibbling or drilling, and of reaping or mowing them, the produce per acre thrashed, the expense of dibbling or drilling, hand or horse hoeing, the distance of the rows, and the quality of the soil, together with certificates of the number of acres, and that the land was afterwards actually sown with wheat, be produced on or before the second Tuesday in March, 1805.

33. BEANS. To the person who, in the year 1803, shall discover and cultivate, either by the drill or dibbling method, on not less than five acres, a species of horse-beans or tick-beans, that will ripen their seeds before the 21st of August; the silver medal, or ten guineas. It is required that a particular account of the bean, the cultivation, and the expense attending it, with proper certificates of the nature and condition of the land on which the experiments are made, together with an account of the produce, the weight per Winchester bushel, and a sample of not less than a quart, be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in December, 1804. It is apprehended that, if a bean should be brought into cultivation with the habits of the hotspur, or other early peas, that it would, in a great measure, escape the danger arising from the collier-insect, or other insects, and allow more time for the farmers to till the land for the subsequent crop of wheat. The accounts and certificates to be delivered on or before the first Tuesday in December, 1804.

34. The same premium is extended one year farther. The accounts and certificates to be delivered on or before the first Tuesday in December, 1805.

35. COMPARATIVE CULTURE OF TURNIPS. For the best set of experiments made on not less than eight acres of land, four of which to be sown

broad-cast, and four drilled, to ascertain whether it is most advantageous to cultivate turnips by sowing them broadcast and hand-hoeing them, or by drilling them in equidistant rows, and hand or horse hoeing the intervals; the silver medal, or ten guineas. It is required, that every operation and expense of each mode of culture be fully described, and that proper certificates of the nature and condition of the land on which the experiments were made, together with the weight of the turnips grown, on a fair average sixteen perches of land, under each mode of culture, be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in March, 1805. The object which the Society have in view in offering this premium is experimentally to aṣcertain the most advantageous method of growing turnips. To do this in a satisfactory manner, both the drilled and broad-cast crops should have the advantage of the most perfect cultivation, consequently the drilled crops should have the intervals between the rows worked by the horse or hand hoe, or by both these implements; and the rows should be either weeded or handhoed, or both weeded and hand-hoed. The › broadcast crop should have every advantage which weeding and hand-hoeing can give it, consistently with leaving the soil a flat surface.

36. The same premium is extended one year farther. Certificates to be produced on or before the first Tuesday in March, 1806.

37. PARSNIPS. To the person who, in the year 1804, shall cultivate the greatest quan tity of land, not less than five acres, with parsnips, for the sole purpose of feeding cattle or sheep; the gold medal. Certificates of the quantity of land so cultivated, with a particular account of the nature of the soil and weight of the produce on sixteen perches, and also of the condition of the cattle or sheep fed with the parsnips, and the advantages resulting from the practice, to be produced to the Society on or before the second day in February, 1805.

38. BUCK WHEAT. To the person who shall cultivate the greatest quantity of land with buck wheat, not less than thirty acres; the gold medal. It is required that the time of sowing and reaping be noticed; also a particular account of the species, cultivation, and expense attending it, the manner of reaping it, thrashing it, and housing the grain; with proper certificates of the nature and condition of the land on which the experiments were made, and the name of the crop, if any, which the same land bore the preceding year, together with an account of the produce, and a sample of the seed, not less than a quart, be produced to the Society on or before the second Tuesday in January, 1805,

39. For the next greatest quantity, not less than fifteen acres, on similar conditions; the silver medal. Information respecting its application to the feeding of cattle, hogs, and

poultry, and other of its uses, is also desired. It is known to be particularly serviceable in furnishing honey to bees.

40. RAISING GRASS SEEDS. To' the person who shall raise the greatest quantity of each or any of the following named grass seeds, viz. -Meadow fox-tail (alopecurus pratensis), sweet-scented vernal grass (anthoxanthum odoratum), Timothy grass, meadow Fescue grass, smooth-stalked meadow grass (poa pratensis), rough-stalked meadow grass (poa trivialis); the silver medal, or ten guineas. It is required that certificates from persons who have viewed them in a proper state, to identify that they are one or other of the seeds above mentioned, indicating clearly the particular species, and noticing the quantity produced of such seeds, free from weeds or mixture of other grasses, together with proper samples of the seeds, be produced to the Society on or before the first day of February, 1805.

41. The same premium is extended one year farther. Certificates to be produced on or before the first day of February, 1806.

42. ROTATION OF CROPS. To the person who shall, between the 10th of August, 1801, and the 10th of September, 1803, cultivate the greatest quantity of land, not less than forty acres, in the following rotation, viz. 1st, winter tares; 2d, turnips; and 3d, wheat; and apply the two former crops in the best and most farmer-like manner, to the rearing, supporting, and fattening horses, cattle, sheep, or hogs, on the land which produced the crops; the gold medal, or one hundred guineas.

43. For the next in quantity and merit, on not less than thirty acres, the silver medal, or fifty guineas.

44. For the next in quantity and merit, on not less than twenty acres, the silver medal. It is required, that every operation and expense be fully described, and that satisfactory certificates of the nature and condition of the soil on which the crops have grown, together with an account of their appearance, the number of horses and cattle, sheep or hogs, fed by the two green crops, and, as near as possible, the improved value of the live stock by the consumption of those crops, and also the quantity of wheat per acre, and its weight per bushel, be produced to the Society on or before the first day of November, 1804.

It is presumed that very great advantages will arise to such agriculturists as shall adopt this rotation of crops on a day soil. They will be enabled, with the addition of a few acres of turnip-rooted cabbage for spring-food, to keep such large flocks of sheep and herds of neat cattle as may secure a sufficient quantity of manure to fertilize their land in the highest degree, and in every situation. It is farther conceived, that wheats which will bear sowing

in the spring will be particularly suitable for this preinium.

45, 46, 47. The same premiums are extended one year farther. Certificates to be delivered on or before the first day of November, 1805,

48. PRESERVING TURNIPS. To the person who shall discover to the Society the best and cheapest method of preserving turnips perfectly sound, and in every respect fit for the purpose of supporting and fattening sheep and neat cattle, during the months of February, March, and April; the silver medal, or ten guineas. It is required that a full and accurate account of the method employed, and the expense attending the process, together with certificates that the produce of four acres at the least have been preserved according to the method described, and applied to the feeding of sheep and neat cattle; that the whole were drawn out of the ground before the first day of February, in order to clear the greater part of it previous to its being prepared for corn, and to save the soil from being exhausted by the turnips; and also of the weight of an average sixteen perches of the crop; be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in November, 1804.

N.B. It is recommended to those who may be induced to try the necessary experiments for obtaining this and the following four premiums, to consider the method employed for the preservation of potatoes in ridges (which the growers call pies), and also the propriety of adopting a similar method in cases where they are previously frozen. It is supposed that, in the latter instance, the addition of ice or snow, and the construction of the ridges upon a large scale, may be sufficient to preserve the freezing temperature till the vegetables are wanted for the use of cattle or sheep, at which time they may be thawed by immersion in cold water, and the rot which a sudden thaw produces may be prevented.

49. For the next in quantity and merit, on not less than two acres, the silver medal.

50. PRESERVING CABBAGES. To the person who shall discover to the Society the best and cheapest method of preserving drumheaded cabbages perfectly sound, and in every respect fit for the purpose of supporting and fattening sheep and neat cattle during the months of February, March, and April; the gold medal, or thirty guineas.

51. For the next in quantity and merit, on not less than two acres, the silver medal or fifteen guineas. Conditions the same as for preserving turnips, Cl. 48. And the accounts to be produced on or before the first Tuesday in November, 1805.

52. PRESERVING CARROTS, PARSNIFS, OR BEFTS. To the person who shall discover to the Society the best and cheapest method of

preserving carrots, parsnips, or beets, perfectly sound, and in every respect fit for the purpose of supporting horses, and fattening sheep and neat cattle, during the months of February, March, and April; the silver medal, or fifteen guineas. Conditions the same as for preserving turnips, Cl. 48. And the accounts to be delivered in on or before the first day in November,

1805.

53. PRESERVING POTATOES. To the person who shall discover to the Society the best and cheapest method of preserving potatoes, two or more years, perfectly sound, without vegetating, and in every other respect fit for the purpose of sets and the use of the table, and, consequently, of supporting and fattening cattle; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. It is required, that a full and accurate account of the method employed, and the expense attending the process, with certificates that one hundred bushels at the least have been preserved according to the method described, and that one or more bushels of the same potatoes have been set, and produced a crop without any apparent diminution of their vegetative power, and also that they have been used at table, with entire satisfaction to the person who ate of them, together with a sample of one bushel, be sent to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in November, 1805.

54. MAKING MEADOW-HAY IN WET WEATHER. To the person who shall discover to the Society the best and cheapest method, superior to any hitherto practised, of making meadow-hay in wet weather; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. A full account of the method employed, and of the expense attending the process, with not less than fifty-six pounds of the hay; and certificates that at least the produce of six acres of land has been made according to the method described, and that the whole is of equal quality with the sample; to be produced on or before the first Tuesday in January, 1805.

55. HARVESTING CORN IN WET WEATHER. To the person who shall discover to the Society the best and cheapest method, superior to any hitherto practised, of harvesting corn in wet weather the gold medal, or thirty guineas. A full account of the method employed, and of the expense attending the process, with not less than two sheaves of the corn, and certificates that at least the produce of ten acres has been harvested according to the method described, and that the whole is of equal quality with the samples, to be produced on or before the first Tuesday in January, 1805.

56. ASCERTAINING THE COMPONENT PARTS OF ARABLE LAND. To the person who shall produce to the Society the most satisfactory set of experiments to ascertain the due proportion of the several component parts of rich arable land, in one or more counties in Great Britain,

by an accurate analysis of it; and who having made a like analysis of some poor arable land, shall, by comparing the component parts of each, and thereby ascertaining the deficiencies of the poor soil, improve a quantity of it, not less than one acre, by the addition of such parts as the former experiments shall have discovered to be wanting therein, and therefore probably the cause of its sterility; the gold medal, or forty guineas. It is required, that the manurings, ploughings, and crops, of the improved land, be the same after the improvement as before; and that a minute account of the produce in each state, of the weather, and of the various influencing circumstances, together with the method made use of in analysing the soils, be produced, with proper certificates and the chemical results of the analysis, which are to remain the property of the Society, on or before the last Tuesday in February, 1805.

It is expected that a quantity, not less than six pounds, of the rich, of the poor, and of the improved soils, be produced with the certificates.

57. GAINING AND FROM THE SEA. TO the person who shall produce to the Society an account, verified by actual experiment, of his haying gained the greatest quantity of land from the sea, not less than fifty acres, on the coast of Great Britain or Ireland; the gold medal. Certificates of the quantity of land, and that the experiments were begun after the 1st of January, 1798, to be produced to the Society on or before the last Tuesday in October, 1804.

58. The same premium is extended one year farther. Certificates to be produced on or be fore the last Tuesday in October, 1805.

59. The same premium is extended one year farther. Certificates to be produced on or be fore the last Tuesday in October, 1806.

60. IMPROVING LAND LYING WASTE. For the most satisfactory account of the best method of improving any of the following soils, being land lying waste or uncultivated, viz. clay, gravel, sand, chalk, peat-earth and bog, verified by experiments on not less than fifty acres of land; the gold medal, or thirty guineas,

61. For the next greatest quantity, not less than thirty acres, the silver medal, or twenty guineas. It is required, that the land before such improvement be absolutely uncultivated, and in a great measure useless, and that, in its improved state, it be enclosed, cultivated, and divided into closes. Certificates of the number of acres, of the quality of the land so improved, with a full account of every operation and expense attending such improvement, the state it is in as to the proportion of grass to arable, and the average value thereof, to be produced on or before the first Tuesday in February,1805.

62. MANURES. For the most satisfactory set of experiments, to ascertain the comparative

advantages of the following manures, used as top-dressings on grass or corn land, viz. soot, coal-ashes, wood-ashes, lime, gypsum, nightsoil, or any other fit article; the gold medal, or the silver medal and ten guineas. It is required that the above experiments be made between two or more of the above-mentioned manures, and that not less than two acres of land be dressed with each manure. An ac count of the nature of the soil, quantity and expense of the manure and crops, with certificates, to be produced on or before the last Tuesday in February, 1805.

63. The same premium is extended one year farther. The accounts and certificates to be produced on or before the last Tuesday in February, 1806.

61. RAISING WATER FOR THE IRRIGA TION OF LAND, To the person who shall discover to the Society the cheapest and most effectual method of raising water in quantities sufficient to be beneficially employed for the purpose of irrigating land, superior to and cheaper than any other method now in use; the gold medal, or fifty guineas. A model on a scale of one inch to a foot, with certificates that a machine at large, on the same construction, has been used, specifying the quantity of water delivered in gallons per hour, and the height to which it was raised, to be produced to the Society on or before the first of March, 1805.

65. The same premium is extended one year farther. Certificates to be produced on or before the first of March, 1806.

66. PARING PLOUGH. To the person who shall invent and produce to the Society, a machine or plough for the purpose of paring land preparatory to burning, superior to any hitherto known, or in use for such purpose, and to be worked by not more than one man and two horses; the silver medal, or twenty guineas. The machine, and certificates that at least three acres have been pared by it in a proper manner, to be produced to the Society on or before the first of January, 1805.

67. MACHINE FOR DIBBLING WHEAT. To the person who shall invent a machine, superior to any hitherto known or in use, to answer the purpose of dibbling wheat, by which the holes for receiving the grain may be made at equal distances and proper depths; the silver medal and ten guineas. The machine, with certificates that at least three acres have been dibbled by it, to be produced to the Society on or before the second Tuesday in January, 1805. Simplicity and cheapness in the construction will be considered as principal parts of its inerit.

68. MACHINE FOR REAPING OR MOWING CORN. For inventing a machine to answer the purpose of mowing or reaping wheat, rye, barley, oats, or beans, by which it may be done more expeditiously and cheaper than by any

method now practised, provided it does not shed the corn or pulse more than the methods in common practice, and that it lays the straw in such a manner that it may be easily gathered up for binding; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. The machine, with certificates that at least three acres have been cut by it, to be produced to the Society on or before the second Tuesday in December, 1804. Simplicity and cheapness in the construction will be consi dered as principal parts of its merit.

69. THRASHING MACHINE. To the person who shall invent a machine by which corn of all sorts may be thrashed more expeditiously, effectually, and at a less expense, than by any method now in use; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. The machine, or a model, with proper certificates that such a machine has been usefully applied, that at least thirty quarters have been thrashed by it, and of the time employed in the operation, to be produced to the Society on or before the last Tuesday in February, 1805.

70. DESTROYING THE GRUB OF THE COCKCHAFER. To the person who shall discover to the Society an effectual method, verified by repeated and satisfactory trials, of destroying the grub of the cockchafer, or of preventing or checking the destructive effects which always attend corn, peas, beans, and turnips, when attacked by those insects; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. The accounts, with proper certificates, to be produced on or before the first Tuesday in January, 1805.

71. DESTROYING WORMS. To the person who shall discover to the Society an effectual method, verified by repeated and satisfactory trials, of destroying worms, or of preventing the destructive effects they occasion on corn, beans, peas, or other pulse; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. The accounts, with proper certificates, to be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in January, 1805.

To

72. DESTROYING THE FLY ON HOPS. the person who shall discover to the Society an easy and efficacious method of destroying the fly on hops, superior to any hitherto known or practised, on not less than four acres of hopground; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. Accounts and certificates to be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in February, 1805.

73. PREVENTING THE BLIGHT, OR RAVAGES OF INSECTS, ON FRUIT-TREFS AND CULINARY PLANTS. To the person who shall discover to the Society the most effectual method of preventing the blight, or ravages of insects on fruit-trees and culinary plants, superior to any hitherto known or practised, and verified by actual and comparative expe riments; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. The accounts, with proper certificates, to be delivered to the Society on or before the second Tuesday in November, 1801.

576

74. The same premium is extended one year farther. The accounts and certificates to be delivered on or before the second Tuesday in November, 1805.

75. REMOVING THE ILL EFFECTS OF BLIGHTS, OR INSECTS. To the person who shall discover to the Society the most effectual method of removing the ill effects of blights, or insects, on fruit-trees and culinary plants, superior to any hitherto known or practised, and verified by actual and comparative experitnents; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. The accounts and certificates to be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in February, 1805.

76. CURE OF THE ROT IN SHEEP. To the person who shall discover to the Society the best and most effectual method of curing the rot in sheep, verified by repeated and satisfactory experiments; the gold medal, or fifty guineas. It is expected that the candidates furnish accurate accounts of the symptoms and cure of the disease, together with the imputed cause thereof, and the actual or probable means of prevention, which, with proper certificates, must be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in February, 1805.

77. CURE OF THE FOOT-ROT IN SHEFP. To the person who shall discover to the Society the best and most effectual method of curing the foot-rot in sheep; the silver medal, or ten guineas. It is required, that the cure be ascertained by repeated and satisfactory experiments, and the method of performing it be verified by proper certificates delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in February, 1805.

78. PREVENTING THE ILL EFFECTS OF FLIES ON SHEEP. To the person who shall discover to the Society the most effectual method of protecting sheep from being disturbed and injured by flies; the silver medal, or ten guineas. It is required, that the method be ascertained by repeated experiments, and that a certificate of its efficacy be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in December, 1804.

79. PROTECTING SHEEP. To the person who, in the year 1803, shall protect the greatest number of sheep, not fewer than one hundred, by hovels, sheds, or any other means, and give the most satisfactory account, verified by experiment, of the advantages arising from the practice of protecting sheep from the inclemency of the weather, by hovels, sheds, or any other means; the silver medal, or twenty guineas. A particular account of the experiments made, with the advantages arising therefrom, together with the expense, and certifiates of its utility, to be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in March, 1805.

80. The same premium is extended one

[June,

year farther. The accounts and certificates to be delivered on or before the first Tuesday in March, 1806.

N.B. It is required that the certificates shall specify the length of time the sheep were so protected, and the manner in which they were inaintained during that time; together with the general method of managing them.

81. IMPROVING THE CONDITION OF THE LABOURING POOR, BY FRECTING COTTAGES, AND APPORTIONING LAND. To the person who, in the year 1803, shall erect the greatest number of cottages for the accommodation of the labouring poor, and apportion not less than two acres of land to each cottage; the gold medal, The accounts and certificates to be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in February, 1805.

82. The same premium is extended one year farther. The accounts and certificates to be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in February, 1806.

83. IMPROVING THE CONDITION OF THE LABOURING POOR BY APPORTIONING LAND TO COTTAGES. To the person who, in the year 1803, shall apportion to the greatest number of cottages already built upon his or her estate, any quantity of land, not less than two acres to each cottage, for the better accommodation of the respective inhabitants; the gold medal. The accounts of the number of cottages, and of the quantity of land apportioned to each, to be delivered to the Society, with proper certificates, on or before the first Tuesday in February, 1805.

84. The same premium is extended one year farther. The accounts and certificates to be delivered on or before the first Tuesday n February, 1806.

85. CULTURE OF HEMP IN CERTAIN PARTS OF SCOTLAND. The Society for the Enconragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, wishing to encourage the growth of hemp for the use of the navy in certain parts of Scotland, comprehending the whole county of Argyle, that part of Perthshire situated to the north of the river Tay, and west of the Military Road (see Ainslie's Map of Scotland) leading from Logierait to the county of Inverness, and such other parts of Scotland as lie north of Inverness-shire, offers to the person who shall sow with hemp, in drills at least eighteen inches asunder, the greatest quantity of land in the above-mentioned district, not less than fifty acres statute measure, in the year 180-1, and shall at the proper season cause to be plucked the summer hemp (or male hemp bearing no seed), and continue the winter hemp (or female hemp bearing seed) on the ground until the seed is ripe, the gold medal, or fifty guineas.

86. To the person who shall sow with hemp, in drills at least eighteen inches asunder, the