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benefit of their ufeful acquifitions and of
their falutary example, and to continue
in the public fervice a fucceffion of merit
fimilar to that, which has diftinguished
their conduct in their respective stations.
"With thefe fentiments, during my
abfence from the prefidency, it was highly
fatisfactory to me, that my authority in
this college fhould have been reprefented
by a gentleman who is peculiarly qualified
to appreciate the advantages of the infti-
tution, and to accelerate its fuccefs; and
whofe eminent character, and honourable
progrefs in the fervice, furnish at once the
molt perfect example which can be pro-
pofed for your imitation, and the most
powerful incitement which can be offered
to your ambition.

"The report which I received from Mr. Barlow, of the progrefs of the inititution, during the first year of its operation, fatisfied me, that many of the tudents had been confiderably diftinguished, not only by proficiency in the oriental languages and literature, but by a laudable obfervance of the statutes and rules of the college; that the officers, profef fors, and teachers, had manifefted an uniform zeal and attention in the discharge of their refpective duties; that the public examinations had been conducted with great knowledge and ability, and had proved highly creditable to the general character of the ftudents; while the difputations in the Perfian, Bengalee, and Hindooftanee languages, had afforded an extraordinary example of the progrefs of the ftudents, who had maintained public arguments in thofe languages on the 6th of February, 1802.

"The refult of the examination holden in January last, at the conclusion of the fourth term of the year 1802, and the the public difputations which have been maintained in my prefence, have afforded me the cordial fatisfaction of witneffing the progreffive improvement of the tudents in every branch of oriental language and literature in which lectures have been opened. I am happy to obferve, that in the Perfian, Hindooftanee, and Arabic claffes, the comparative proficiency, at the laft examination, exceeds that which appeared on the 6th of February, 1802. In the Bengalee language, a confiderable proficiency has been manifefted. In the courfe of the last year, a commencement has been made in the ftudy of the Tamul and Shanferit languages, and the great improvement of the students

in the Arabic language, has been rendered particularly confpicuous by the declamations in that language holden for the first time on this occalion.

"The degrees of honour which I have conferred this day on Mr. William But. terworth Bayley, Mr. Richard Jenkins, Mr. William Byam Martin, Mr. Terrick Hamilton, Mr. William Chaplin, Mr. Eward Wood, Mr. Richard Thomas Goodwin, Mr Jonathan Henry Lo vett, and Mr. Charles L'oyd, fufficiently indicate, that the proficiency which ha been made in oriental literature, has been intimately connected with other liberal attainments, and has been united to a correct obfervance of the ftatutes and rules of the college.

"Confiderable force and animation have been derived to the principles of the inftitution, from the honourable emulation which has existed between the ftudents of of the different Eftablishments affembled at Fort William.

"I have experienced fincere pleasure in witneffing the examples of merit, which have appeared among the students from Fort St. George and Bombay, as well as among thofe of this Eftablishment. Not only the ftudents of this Etablishment, but thofe of Fort St. George and Bombay, have furnished numerous instances of extensive knowledge and useful talents, of the most laudable industry, and of the pureft principles of integrity and honour, acquired, formed, or confirmed, under this inftitution. I entertain a confident hope, that their future courfe in the public fervice will justify my prefent approbation, and will confirm the happy promiles of their education. The conduct of the gentlemen now departing for Fort St.. George and Bombay merits my moft cordial commendation. They will communicate to their refpective Prefidencies the full benefit of those useful and honourable qualifications which must for ever render their names refpectable in this Settlement, and muft infpire this fervice with a peculiar intereft in their future progress and fuccefs.

"It has been a principal object of my attention to confolidate the interests and refources of the three Prefidencies; to promote in each of them, a common fpirit of attachment to their mutual profperity and honour; to aflimilate their principles, views, and fyftems of government; and to unite the co-operation of their refpective powers in the common caufe, by fuch

means

means as might facilitate the adminiftra tion of this extentive empire in the hands of the fupreme government. May thofe gentlemen, now departing for the fubordinate Prefidencies, accompanied by the applaufe ad affe&tions of this fociety, remember, with reverence and attachment, the fource whence they have derived the firft princi, les of instruction in the duties of that fervice, which they are qualified

to adorn!

"My moft fincere acknowledgments are ffered to, the learned gentlemen who have affifted at the examinations, and who have discharged the duty of professors and teachers in the feveral departments.

"Their knowledge, talents, and skill, can be equalled only by the indefatigable zeal, industry, and happy fuccefs, with which they have promoted the object of this inftitution. The affiduity and learn ing of these gentlemen, have produced many able and useful works in oriental languages and literature which have been published fince the commencement of the inftitution, and which have accelerated its beneficial effects. Continuations of thefe works are now in a state of confiderable progrefs, and many additional works of a fimilar defcription are actually prepared for publication. The profeffors and teachers of the Perfian, Arabic, Hindoof tanee, Bengalee, Shanfcrit, and Tamul languages, are now diligently employed in compofing grammars and dictionaries, and in preparing tranflations and compilations for the ufe of the ftudents in their refpective departments. The operation of these useful labours will not be confined to the limits of this inftitution, or of this empire. Such works tend to promote the general diffusion of oriental literature and knowledge in every quarter of the globe, by facilitating the means of access to the elementary study of the principal languages of the Eaft. The exertions of

the profeffors have received confiderable aid from the numerous body of learned natives attached to the institution; and the labours of those learned persons have allo contributed to increase the general ftock of Oriental knowledge.

"Reviewing all these circumstances, and confidering the induftry and ability manifefted by the profeffors and teachers; the fuccefsful advancement which has al ready been effected in the general extenfion of the most useful, practical, and neceffary branches of oriental learning; the progreffive improvement manifefted by the ftudents in every class of their prescribed ftudies; the frequent inftances, attested by the public certificates, of laudable and exemplary attention to the difcipline, ftatutes, and rules of the College; and the fupply of highly qualified public officers, which the fervice has actually received from this institution, added to the number of thofe who proceed on this day to apply the attainments acquired in this College to the benefit of the Company and of the Nation; it is my duty to declare in the most public and folemn manner, that this inftitution has answered my most fanguine hopes and expectations; that its beneficial operation has justified the principles of its original foundation; and that the adminiftration and difcipline of the college have been conducted with honour and credit to the character and spirit of the inftitution, and with great advantage to the public fervice."

His Excellency then returned to his apartments attended by his suite.

In the evening, a grand dinner was given to the officers and ftudents of the College by his Excellency at the Government-houfe; at which were prefent the honourable the Chief Juftice, the Members of the Supreme Council, and all the principal civil and military officers at the Prefidency.

PREMIUMS

PREMIUMS offered by the SoCIETY, instituted at London, for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, for the Year 1804

TO THE PUBLIC.

THE chief objects of the SOCIETY are to promote the Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce of this kingdom, by giving rewards for all such useful Inventions, Discoveries, and Improvements, (though not mentioned in this book), as tend to that purpose; and, in pursuance of this plan, the SOCIETY have already expended FIFTY THOUSAND POUNDS, advanced by voluntary subscriptions of their members, and legacies bequeathed.

The manner in which this money has been distributed may be seen by applying to the Secretary or other officers of the SOCIETY, at their house in the Adelphi. The Register of the Premiums and Bounties they have given will show the very great advantages which the Public have derived from this Institution.

The meetings of the SOCIETY are held every Wednesday, at seven o'clock in the evening, from the fourth Wednesday in October to the first Wednesday in June. The several Committees meet on other evenings in the week during the session.

In order still farther to promote the laudable views of this SOCIETY, it may be necessary to explain the mode by which its members continue to be elected.

Each member has the privilege, at any weekly meeting of the SOCIETY, of proposing any person who is desirous to become a member, provided such proposal is signed by three members of the SOCIETY,

Peers of the Realm or Lords of Parliament are, on their being proposed, immediately ballotted for; and the name, with the addition and place of abode, of every other person proposing to become a member, is to be delivered to the Secretary, who is to read the same, and properly insert the name in a list, which is to be hung up in the SOCIETY's room until the next meeting; at which time such person shall be ballotted for; and, if two-thirds of the members, then voting, ballot in his favour, he shall be deemed a perpetual member, upon payment of Twenty Guineas at one payment; or a subscribing member, upon payment of any sun not less than Two Guineas annually.

Every member is entitled to vote and be concerned in all the transactions of the SOCIETY, and to attend and vote at the several Committees. He has also the privilege of recommending two persons as Auditors, at the weekly meeting of the SOCIETY; and, by addressing a note to the Housekeeper, of introducing his friends to examine the various models, machines, and productions, in different branches of arts, manufactures, and commerce, for which rewards have been bestowed; and to inspect the magnificent series of moral and historical paintings, so happily contrived and completed by JAMES BARRY, Esq. which, with some valuable busts and stataes, decorate the Great Room. He has likewise the use of a valuable Library; and is entitled to the annual Volume of the SOCIETY'S Transactions.

The time appointed for admission to the paintings or models, is from ten to two o'clock, Sundays and Wednesdays excepted.

PREMIUMS IN AGRICULTURE.

Class 1. AcORNS.

FOR having set, between the first of October, 1802, and the first of April, 1803, the greatest quantity of land, not less than 'ten acres, with acorns, with or without seeds, cuttings, or plants of other trees, at the option of the candidate; and for effectually fencing and preserving the same, in order to raise timber; the gold medal.

2. For the second greatest quantity of land, not less than five acres, set agreeably to the above conditions, the silver medal.

Certificates of setting agreeably to the above conditions, and that there are not fewer than

MONTHLY MAG. No. 116.

three hundred young oaks on each acre, to be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in December, 1804.

3. RAISING OAKS. To the person who shall have raised, since the year 1800, the greatest number of oaks, not fewer than five thousand, either from young plants or acorns, in order to secure a succession of oak timber in this kingdom; the gold medal.

4. For the next greatest number, not fewer than three thousand; the silver medal.

Certificates that there were on the land, at least the number of young oak-trees required, in a thriving condition, two years after the planting, with an account of the methods pursued in making and managing the plantation,

4 E

to be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in January, 1805.

5. ASCERTAINING THE BEST METHOD OF RAISING OAKS. To the person who shall ascertain in the best manner, by actual experiments, the comparative merits of the different modes of raising oaks for timber, cither from acorns set on land properly dug or tilled, from acorns set by the spade or dibble, without digging or tillage, either on a smooth surface, or among bushes, fern, or other cover; or from young plants previously raised in nurseries, and transplanted; regard being had to the expense, growth, and other respective advantages of the several methods; the gold inedal.

The accounts, and proper certificates that not less than one acre has been cultivated in each mode, to be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in November, 1804.

6. CHESNUTS. For having sown or set, between the first of October, 1802, and the first of April, 1803, the greatest quantity of dry loamy land, not less than six acres, with Spanish chesnuts, with or without seeds, cuttings, or plants of other trees, adapted to such soil, at the option of the candidate; and for effectually fencing and preserving the same, in order to raise timber; the gold medal.

7. For the second greatest quantity, not less than four acres, the silver medal.

Certificates of sowing or setting, agreeably to the above conditions, and that there are not fewer than three hundred chesnut plants, in a thriving state, on each acre, to be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in January, 1805.

8. ELM. For having planted the greatest number of the English elm, not less than eight thousand, between the twenty-fourth of June, 1802, and the twenty-fourth of June, 1803; and for having effectually fenced and preserved the same, in order to raise timber; the gold medal.

9. For the second greatest number, not less than five thousand, the silver medal.

Certificates of having planted, agreeably to the above conditions, that the plants were in a healthy and thriving state two years at least after making the plantation, and specifying the distance of the plants, to be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in April, 1805.

10. LARCH. For having planted out, between the twenty-fourth of June 1801, and the twenty-fourth of June, 1802, the greatest number of larch-trees, not fewer than five. thousand; and for having effectually fenced and preserved the same, in order to raise timber; the gold medal.

11. For the next greatest number, not fewer than three thousand, the silver medal.

Certificates of the number of plants, that

they were in a healthy and thriving state twe years at least after they were planted out, with a general account of the methods used in making the plantation, to be delivered to the Society on or before the last Tuesday in December, 1804.

12, 13. The same premiums are extended one year farther.

Certificates to be produced on or before the last Tuesday in December, 1805.

N. B. The larch-trees may be either planted, mixed with other trees, or by themselves, as may best suit the convenience of the planter.

14. OSIERS. To the person who shall have planted, between the first of October, 1803, and the first of May, 1804, the greatest quantity of land, not less than five acres, with those kinds of willows, commonly known by the names of osier, Spaniard, new kind, or French, fit for the purpose of basket-makers, not fewer than twelve thousand plants on each acre; the gold medal, or thirty guineas.

15. For the second greatest quantity of land, not less than three acres, the silver medal, or ten guineas. Certificates of the planting, and that the plants were in a thriving state five months at least after the planting, to be produced to the Society on or before the last Tuesday in November, 1804.

16. ALDER. For having planted, in the year 1801, the greatest number of alders, not less than three thousand; the gold medal.

Certificates of the number of plants, and that they were in a thriving state two years at least after being planted, to be delivered to the Society on or before the last Tuesday in Decem- .

ber, 1804.

17. Asн. For having sown or set, in the year 1801, the greatest quantity of land, not less than six acres, with ash for timber, with or without seeds, cuttings, or plants, of such other trees as are adapted to the soil; the gold medal.

18. For the next greatest quantity, not less than four acres, the silver medal.

Certificates of the sowing or setting, agreeably to the above conditions, that there are not fewer than one hundred ash plants on each acre, in a thriving and healthy condition, two years at least after the sowing or setting, with a general account of the methods used in making the plantation; to be delivered to the Society on or before the last Tuesday in December, 1804.

19, 20. The same premiums are extended one year farther.

Certificates to be delivered on or before the last Tuesday in December, 1805.

N. B. It is the particular wish of the Society, that such lands only as are not calcnlated for growing corn, should be employed for the purposes specified in these advertisements.

21. FOREST-TREES. To the person who shall have inclosed and planted, or set, the greatest number of acres (not less than ten) of land, that is incapable of being ploughed, such as the borders of rivers, the sides of precipices, and any land that has too many rocks, or that is not calculated to repay the expense of tillage, owing to the stiffness or poverty of the soil, the surface being too hilly, mountainous, or otherwise unfit for tillage, with the best sorts of forest-trees, namely, oak, Spanish chesnuts, ash, elm, beech, alder, willow, larch, spruce and silver fir, with or without screens of Scotch fir, adapted to the soil, and intended for timber-trees, between the first of October, 1801, and the first of April, 1802; the gold medal.

22. For the second greatest quantity of land, not less than seven acres; the silver medal, or ten guineas.

23. For the third greatest quantity of land, not less than five acres, the silver medal. A particular account of the methods used in making and managing the plantations, the nature of the soil, the probable number of each sort of plants, together with proper certificates that they were in a healthy and thriving state two years at least after making the plantation, to be delivered to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in November, 1804.

24, 25, 26. The same premiums are ex tended one year farther. Certificates to be pro duced on or before the first Tuesday in November, 1805.

N.B. With the above forest-trees, the seeds, cuttings, or plants, of such other trees as are adapted to the soil, and proper for underwood, may or may not be intermixed.

N. B. The candidates for planting all kinds trees are to produce certificates that the respective plantations are properly fenced and secured, and particularly to state the condition of the plants at the time of signing such certificates. Any information which the candidates for the foregoing premiums may choose to communicate, relative to the methods made use of in forming the plantations, or promoting the growth of the several trees, or any other observations that may have occurred on the subject, will be thankfully received,

27. SECURING PLANTATIONS OF TIMBERTREES, AND HEDGE-ROWS. To the person who shall give to the Society the most satisfactory account, founded on experience, of the most effectual and least expensive method of securing young plantations of timber-trees, and hedge-rows, from hares and rabbits, as well as sheep and larger cattle, which at the same time shall be least subject to the depredations of wood-stealers, the silver medal, or ten gui

neas. The accounts, and certificates of the effi cacy of the method, to be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in November, 1804.

28. The same premium is extended one year farther. The accounts and certificates to be produced on or before the first Tuesday in November, 1805.

29. COMPARATIVE TILLAGE. For the most satisfactory set of experiments, made on not less than eight acres of land, four of which to be trench-ploughed,* and four to be ploughed in the usual manner, in order to ascertain in what cases it may be advisable to shorten the operations of tillage, by adopting one trench-ploughing, for the purpose of burying the weeds, instead of the method, now in common use, of ploughing and harrowing the land three or four times, and raking the weeds together and burning them; the gold medal. It is required that every operation and expense attending each mode of culture be fully and accurately described, and that proper certifi cates of the nature and condition of the land on which the experiments are made, together with a circumstantial account of the appearance of the subsequent crops during their growth; and also of the quantity and weight of the corn and straw under each inode of culture, or, in case of a green crop, the weight of an average sixteen perches, be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in February, 1805.

For

30. COMPARATIVE CULTURE OF WHEAT, BROAD-CAST, DRILLED, AND DIBBLED, the best set of experiments, made on not less than twelve acres, four of which to be sown broad-cast, four drilled, and four dibbled, the two latter in equidistant rows, in order fully to ascertain which is the most advantageous mode of cultivating wheat; the gold medal, or thirty guineas. It is required that every operation and expense of each mode of culture be fully described; and that proper certificates of the nature and condition of the land on which the experiments are made, together with an account of the produce of the corn, the weight per bushel, and also of the straw, be produced to the Society on or before the first Tuesday in February, 1805.

31. SPRING WHEAT. To the person who, between the 10th of January and the 10th of April, 1804, shall cultivate the greatest quantity of wheat, not less than ten acres; the gold medal. It is required, that the time of sowing and reaping be noticed; also a particular account of the species, cultivation, and expense attending it, with proper certificates of the nature and condition of the land on which the experiments were made, and the name of the crop, if any, which the same land bore the preceding

It is a common practice among gardeners, when they have a piece of very foul land, to dig it two spits, or about eighteen inches deep, shovelling the weeds to the bottom. This they call trenching.

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