M. de Moutier at laft lofing his pati. ence at fuch conduct, represented to Sauffe the extreme impropriety of it; adding, that although he had fo manifeftly failed in his duty to the King, yet that there were other obligations of common propriety, from which he certainly could not fuppofe himself to be released."

On this the Queen and Princess Eliza beth faid twice to M. de Mouftier, in a Jow voice, "Take care; don't be fo warm: we shall foon be relieved; and when the troops arrive, it will be time enough for you to act.*

Princess Elizabeth obferving in the crowd M. de Signemont, formerly captain, of grenadiers in the regiment of Châtre, and a knight of St. Louis, faid to him"Although a recollection of your birth, Sir, has not been able to keep you in the path of duty and honour, yet that cross, which has been bestowed on you, ought undoubtedly to have prevented you from going aftray."

"Madam, (anfwered he,) I was a citi zen before I was a foldier.'

"Very well, Sir, (replied the Princess, turning from him,) he who has been a traitor to one party, will be a traitor to another, as circumftances fball occur.”

This per on had been chofen commandant of the national guards of Neuvilly, and had come, with all his corps, to join thofe of Varennes; where he had been a tranquil fpectator of every indignity and outrage offered to his unfortunate Sovereign.

Thefe and fimilar fcenes, all moft difgraceful for the French name, continued throughout the whole night, until half an hour paft feven in the morning of Wedne day the 23d of June.

His Majesty obferving the horfes in the carriage, again gave orders to proceed to Montmedy; but notwithstanding the bold and determined manner in which his orders were given, they were utterly difregarded; and when the Royal Family had taken their places in the carriage, it took the road back to Paris. The horfes walked very flowly, and the furrounding multitude covered not only the road but the fields on each fide.

The multitude increased as the carriage

The hopes of fuccours and deliverance did not abandon the Royal Family until they had arrived at Châlons, on their return to Paris but on leaving this town, the behaviour of the mob became fo outrageous and horrible, as to terrify any well-difpofed perfons who might have been inclined to favour

them.

drew near to Paris, and every man, woman, and even child, in it, appeared to be armed with a gun, pistol, fabre, hatchet, bill, pruning-hook, pitchfork, fcythe, reaping-hook, or other inftrument, which chance prefented to each.

On their return to Paris, the Royal Family were guarded by parties of thofe very dragoons who had been ftationed on the road for the purpose of escorting them on their way to Montmedy. These dragoons were fo completely corrupted, that instead of liftening to the dictates of duty, they openly gloried in the new past they had engaged to perform, and feemed to be delighted with the cries of Success to the brave dragoons !"-(Vivent Meffieurs les dragons !)-which never ceased to greet them all the way back to Châlons.

Sometimes, indeed, was heard, although rarely and faintly, the old found of "God fave the King,"-(Vive le Roi,): but on approaching Paris, that exclamation, once fo grateful and congenial to a Frenchman, was no longer pronounced, but confined to the heart of the few.

The first victims of the atrocious fury of the mifguided populace, were fome gentlemen travelling near Varennes. The mob infulted and attacked them with fuck violence, that it was afterwards reported fome of them were actually murdered on the fpot, and others who escaped alive foon after died of their wounds.

One of these unfortunate men, who feemed to be far advanced in age, was brought to the ground by the ftroke of a fcythe. As he lay expiring, he faid, "Death is now welcome, fince I have seen my King in distress, and have it not in my power to assist him."

When the carriage arrived at St. Ménéhoud, leave could not be obtained for the poor Dauphin to be put to bed for a few hours, notwithstanding the fatigues a child of his tender age had undergone, in paffing feveral nights without reft, at the fame time that he was seriously ill with an aguifh complaint.

But no confideration for this poor infant, nor even the repeated orders of his Majefty, who was refolved to endeavour to afford him fome relief, had any effect on Bailion, the aide-de-camp of La Fayette.

til the meeting with the Deputies from the He had, all the way from Varennes unAffembly at Paris, taken on himself the command of both the regulars and the national guards, and would fuffer no delay. In this determination Baillon was admirably fupported by the municipal officers or revolutionary magiftrates of St.

Ménéhoud;

Měnéhoud; fo that his Majesty was com pelled to proceed without halting to Châ. ions.

Near St. Ménéhoud, Count de Dampierre was obferved following the King's carriage, at a distance of about four hun dred paces, and was never at all fo near as to fpeak to the Royal Family, as has been often afferted. He rode fome time by the fide of a cabriolet, or two-wheeled chaife, in which were two ladies of known at tachment to the Queen, and who narrowly efcaped affaffination on that account.Thefe ladies frequently advifed M. de Dampierre to withdraw from the danger to which he was exposed, and which foon came upon him. The vile infligators of the populace having, even in contradic tion to their own eyes, perfuaded them that Dampierre had actually had converfation with the King, it was the fignal for infulting, affaulting, and finally murdering, that unhappy officer.

During this tranfaction the other com ́manding officers, and all thofe under them, remained perfectly inactive, and took no ftep whatever to reftrain the favage fury

of the mob.

In order to efcape from their rage, after being shot in feveral places, he made his horfe leap the ditch on the road fide; but fome national guards on horfeback foon came up to him, and literary hacked him in pieces.

With his mangled limbs each man of the party returned, and held them up to the Royal Family as trophies of their victory.

"Vive la Nation" was on this occafion triumphantly bellowed forth by the ferocious multitude.

An officer of the national guards, whofe name M. de Mouftier laments to have forgotten, young and well-looking, the fon of a major in the army, who had received his commiffion from the King prior to the revolution-this young gentleman prefented himself before the Royal Family, bearing the hat of poor Dampierre thruft down on the blade of his Iword.

When the King's gardes-du-corps, who during the journey back to Paris were all feated on the coach-box, reprefented to this officer the indecency of fuch conduct, especially from him, whether it was from revenge on being reproved in the hearing of the multitude, and of thofe under his command, or from a more than common. mealure of atrocity in his difpofition, it is of little importance to confider, but, MONTHLY MAG. No. 114.

with a look and air of outrageous fury, he fnatched the hat from his fword, tore it in a hundred pieces, and scattered them among the crowd.

It must, however, be obferved, for the honour of this young hero, that he was by no means fingular; the greater part of the leaders of the populace on this occafion giving evident figns of fimilar difpofitions.

After a fucceffion of fcenes of this nature, the carriage at last arrived, late in the night, in the court-yard of the Intendant's hotel at Châlons on the Marne.Here the Royal Family alighted, in the midst of a crowd of national guards, who by their language and behaviour thewed themfelves to be not a whit behind any of their companions in revolt and diforder.

M. de Moutier, who with the other attendants had remained behind in the court to take out fuch articles as were neceffary for the Royal Family, and to lock the doors of the carriage, obferved a paper work out of the Queen's pocket, and fall on the ground, as the alighted.

He inftantly, as by accident, dropt one of the facs-de-nuit on the paper, and, in taking up the bag, fecured the paper, unnoticed by the bye-ftanders. This paper he refolved to fwallow, rather than that it fhould come into the hands of the multitude, who now talked openly of dispatching him, and regretting that they had suffered his two companions to enter the hotel.

M. de Moutier was cruelly treated by this mob, but at length, through the dark refs of the night, contrived to escape from their fury.

His fafety was likewife owing to the ci cumftance, that thofe who preffed the clofelt on him, were foon obliged to turn their fabres against their companions behind them, to ward off from themselves the blows intended against M. de Mouf

tier.

The Royal Family, inceffantly occupied about the fafety of thofe who were attached to their service, had directed several perfons to endeavour to rescue M. de Mouftier; but when the hazards of fuch an attempt are confidered, he is not furprized that no one was able to execute the order.

Such was the kind anxiety of the Royal Family for M. de Moutier, that they would not fit down until he made his appearance in the house. His ftruggle with the multitude without had continued fo long, that on entering their apartment he

X X

found

found fupper already ferved up, and the Royal Family ftanding by the table, in eager expectation of his arrival.

They naturally believed him to have been feverely wounded, as the blood flowed from his mouth, in confequence of being thrown down and crushed by the people in the court, fo as to bring on a violent discharge of blood from the breaft.*

M. de Mouftier, having affured their Majesties that he had received no material injury, took up a plate and napkin, and placed himself behind the Queen, to wait on her.t

A private man of the national guard, filled with admiration at the behaviour of the Royal Family to their fervant M. de Mouftier, fo different, no doubt, from what he had been taught to expect from thefe perfonages, came foftly up to M. de Moutier, and, his eyes filled with tears, faid to him, "How well do fuch unfortunate mafters and mifireffes deferve the respect and affection of all who approach them!"

Thefe genuine expreffions of fenfibility and compaflion, on the part of a perfon of the lower ranks, excited fuch pleafure in the breaft of M. de Mouftier, who until now had met with none who indicated any fimilar feelings, that he could not refrain from taking this national guard by the hand, and faying, in the hearing of all the crowd affembled, that he should be happy to drink once more a glass of wine with an honeft worthy man, to the health and profperity of his auguft Mafter and his family. This national guard readily accepted the invitation, but refused to go to the fupper-room until M. de Mouftier fhould be ready to accompany him, al

* M. de Mouftier is a tall, honey, athletic man; but even when he left London laft, for Germany, in fummer 1801, he continued to fuffer feverely in his breaft and lungs, and found his eye-fight fenfibly decayed, in confequence of the cruelties he underwent on this and other occafions, particularly on the arrival of the Royal Family in Paris from Varennes. Note of Editor.

It is proper, once for all, to obferve, that the three gardes-du-corps, during this journey, performed the duty of others at tached by office to the Royal Family, but who, from the circumftances of the times, were debarred from showing their refpect to their Sovereign, and executing their offices i. perfon.

though the other perfons of the company were already fet down.

M. de Mouftier having at last finished his attendance on the Queen at table, conducted his worthy gueft to the fupperroom, and placed him in a chair that happened to be unoccupied, next to Baillon, the commander of the whole party, and fate down himself in one juft opposite to it. As it was very warm in this apartment, the first thing M. de Mouftier did was to offer to his gueft a glass of wine, faying, "Come, Sir, let us drink to the health of our Sovereign and his family. Who knows but that to-morrow I shall be torn in pieces. Happen, however, what may, if I shall not be fo happy as to render them any good fervice, I shall have the fatisfaction, at least, of dying in their caufe. I shall have nothing to reproach myself with, for I have done what was my duty to them."

The fmooth-tongued hero Baillon, mo deftly cafting his eyes down on his plate, faid, half aloud, "It was not your duty."

M. de Mouftier, fixing his eyes Redfastly on Baillon, with an expreffion where, had the other dared to look at him, he might have feen the inmoft workings of De Moutier's foul, replied, with a firm tone, "Sir, it was, it is my duty; and not only mine, but that of every brave and boneft man, faithfully to ferve his King; as it is the part of a coward and a rascal to betray and abandon him. What I have done I am ready to do again, were it poffible, this very inftant."

Baillon, that he might not be any longer exposed to hear fuch language, immediately quitted the table, and drawing around him, at the other end of the room, a circle of the officers of the national guards, who had fupped in the company, he began a long whining vindication of his conduct, enlarging on the zeal with which he had discharged his duty to the nation. M. de Mouftier, overhearing the converfation, went up to Baillon, and faid, "It would, indeed, Sir, be a crying injuftice to throw any fufpicions on your zeal for the nation; for if mankind knew you as you ought to be known, they would be perfectly convinced how admirably qualified you are to ferve even the refuje of the baseft rabble."

From this time forth the gardes-ducarps were relieved from the burthen of the company of the tender-confcienced Baillon.

(To be concluded in our next.)

To

and medals, deprived them of the precious varnish which is the fure teft of their antiquity. The legends, and even the rererfes of medals, have been changed, with a view to render them more valuable; and the names of ancient artifts have been foifted on modern engraved ftones.

It has not unfrequently happened that the forgers have gone fll further. Seve ral artins have been fo fuccefsful in their imitation of antique monuments, that the beft connoiffeurs have been liable to be deceived. While fome have applied them elves to the imitation of ftatues and engraved-ftones, others have counterfeited medals. Thefe which were fabricated by Giovanni Cauvin, of Padua, are highly celebrated. The imitations of the Etrufcan vafes, by Fondi, are unive fally known and admired. Jofeph Guerra has imitated the paintings of Herculaneum. And, ladly, Winckelmann was himself impofed on, in miftaking for an antique a painting made by his friend Cafanova.

The above alterations and substitutions produce a multitude of errors, which the antiquary ought fedulously to fhun.Accordingly, I am careful, in delivering my lectures, to place before my pupils, at the fide of the real monuments, the most triking imitations. I do this more fpecially, because thefe errors give rife to falte explanations, which are, however, fometimes occafioned by the manner in which those who publish the monuments reprefent them. The infidelities in this Jaiter cafe are owing either to a with to embellish the monuments, or to the ignorance of the artists; cr, laftly, to the aim and purpofe of making the figures agree with the explanations. It is thus that Struys and Serlio have given imaginary figures and falfe plans of the monuments of Perfepolis. Laurus, Dacofta, Picart, Panvinius, &c. have published amphitheatres, naumackie, and ftatues, which never exifted unlfs in their own imagination. Several of the medals engraved and defcribed by Goltz, have fallen under the well-founded fufpicions of the antiquaries.

To thefe different caufes are to be afcribed the mistakes, fometimes of a very palpable nature, of thofe who undertake to explain monuments. Baronius miftook an is for the Bleffed Virgin; but this error is not peculiar to him. The flatue of the Virgin, in the church of Puy-deDome, was an Ifis of bafaltes, holding her fon Horus in her lap. It was, notwithtanding, broken by the modern Vandals of the Revolution, as an image of worship. The greater part of the black Virgins

were, in the fame way, antique statues of Ifis. Many of them were brought into France, either by the Saracens, or after the crusades; but they were, with ut exception, broken and destroyed in the reign of terror.

Thus has the political fanaticism of the Revolution, deftroy.d the monuments which religious fuperftition had preserved, To the credulity of the priefs we are, however, till indebted for the preferva tion of several engraved-stones o infinite value, the profane devices on which they changed, as their imagination prompted them, into Chriftian and pious fubje&s.— The Valentinianus, which ornamented the choral staff of la Sainte Chapelle, was, according to them, a Saint Louis. The apotheofis of Germanicus was the raifing up of St. John the Baptift into Heaven; and the magnificent cameo, called the agate of Tiberius, which reprefents the triumphs of that Emperor, and the apotheofs of Auguftus, was regarded as the triumphal march of Jofeph. Neptune. and Minerva, beftowing on man the horse and the olive-tree, were transformed into Adam and Eve eating the forbiddenfruit.

The

A

With a great fhare of knowledge and circumipection, antiquaries themselves oftentimes fall into great errors. name of Solon on an engraved-ftone, led for a long time to a perfuafion that the figure which is reprefented on it was that of the above legiflator, at the fame time" that it belongs to the artist by whom the gem was wrought. A prafellus viarum was transformed into Saint Vialius. head, having the name of the engraver, Arethon, infcribed on it, was the portrait of Arethufa. The Minerva of Afpafius was the figure of Afpaña. Montfaucon, Bellori, and Winckelmann, have them. feives been fometimes deceived in the explanation of monuments; and every one is acquainted with the reveries that refulted from the delirious erudition of the profound Hardouin, who could find in the legend of medals nothing beside initial letters, which he filled up with a prodigious induftry. Errors like thefe are infepaable from human frailty; but an hitorian cannot be allowed to peak, as Rollin has done, of the ftatue of Laocoon as a monument spoiled in the execution. An artilt might not be fuffered o reprefent a Greek hero in a Roman collume; and, still lefs, a Hercules with a peruke of the time of Louis XIV. The reprefentation of Edipus cannot be tolerated on the French Itage, and every man of tafte is shocked

.when