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Died.] At St. Andrew's, Wm. Baron, profeffor of belles-lettres and logic in that university.

In St Andrew's-fquare, Edinburgh, Mrs. Robertfon, relict of the late Lieutenant-general James Robertfon, of Newbegging, Fifefhire, late colonel of the 19th regiment of foot, and the last British governor of New York, in America.

January 7th. At Edinburgh, John Walker, M. D. Minifter of Collington, Profeffor of Natural History in the Univerfity of Edinburgh, and as a Naturalift, a Divine, an academical Teacher, an induftrious inquirer in Philofophy, and a bold and original thinker, indifputably, one of the most eminent perfons of the prefent age-Dr. Walker was born at Edinburgh, about the year 1732. He was educated at its principal fchool, and afterwards, under the learned and ingenious Profeffors who then taught in its University. His profesional destination was for the Church: and in proficiency in theological ftudies, he was excelled by no young man of that time. He ftudied, alfo, medicine, chemistry, natural philosophy, and efpecially botany, that most engaging branch of natural history, with extraordinary fondnefs and fuccefs. As he grew up to manhood, his time was divided between the profecution of his own ftudies, and the education of feveral young gentlemen who were fucceffively intruffed to his care; till he was admitted to holy orders, and became Minister of the parish of Glencrofs, at about fix miles diftance from Edinburgh. He was, at this period of his life, already an ardent votary of natural history, and a faithful difciple of the fchool of Linnæus. The natural history of Scotland had hitherto been but very little explored; fo that he found it easy to enrich the fcience with a multitude of new difcoveries. His refidence at the manfe or parfonage-houfe of Clencrofs, was, on account of the ftare of the furround ing country, exceedingly favourable to his purfuits, as a naturalift: and he was ever ailiduous to make his skill in natural history fubfervient to the improvement of rural economy, and the common arts of life. He took great delight, alfo, in examining all the practices of rural economy, in applying to their improvement the principles of common fenfe and philofophy, and in acting in the warm fpirit of that fentiment beautifully af.ribed by Virgil, to himfelf and Auguftus, in the words-mecum mife, atus agreftes.A character like this, was at that time, fomewhat uncommon among the clergy of Scotland. Both the clergy and the nobility and gentry had, however, difcernment and tafte, to do juftice to its dignity and im portance. Dr Walker, that he might have opportunity to examine the natural history of the Western Highlands, and the Hebudælles, as well as to obferve the domefic economy of the inhabitants, and to infpect their moral,

intellectual, and religious condition, was fent, in the year 1767 or 1768, on a very honourable miffion into thofe parts, at the expence of the Scottish Society for propigating Chriftian Knowledge. In the courfe of his journey, he made many discoveries in natural history And the report which he communicated to the Society upon his return, gave the first hints of almost all the improve. ments, by which the cultivation of those parts of North Britain, and the condition and character of their inhabitants, have been fince fo very much ameliorated.-The late Earl of Hopeton, with a difcrimination of merit, which does honour to his Lordship's memory, presented him to the living of Moffat; a pleafant village, which has been long famous for its fprings of fulphurated and chalybeate waters, and is much frequented as a wateringplace. Adjacent to this fituation, are the mines of Leadhills and Wanlockhead, and that whole range of mountains which interfects the fouth of Scotland almost from East to Weft, and has been celebrated for its precious mineral ftores by the ancient hiftorians of the country. Dr. Walker explored, with unwearied diligence, the mineralogy of thefe mountains; examined the indigenous botany of the district; cultivated, with great tafte and skill, a curious botanic garden; and made a large and valuable collection of specimens in all the different branches of natural hiftory; while his courteous, attentive manners, and his converfation, polished, various, lively, rich in anecdote, rich in strong sense and philofophy, witty without impertinence, and eloquent without affectation or ftudied effort, was, at the fame time the principal charm of Moffat, to all the elegant, and enlightened perfons who reforted to it.-Upon the death of Dr. Ramfay, he was invited to the office of Profeffor of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh. To render that appointment more eligible to him, he was, foon after, tranflated from Moffat to the parith of Collington, in the immediate vicinitý of Edinburgh. For the pace of about feventeen years, he continued to deliver, in the University, a series of lectures, the most beautifully fcientific in arrangement, the most accurate and multifarious in facts, the most ingenious and judicious in theory, the best illuftrated by a difplay of fpecimens, the mot eminently characterized by a clear, neat, manly, unaffected propriety of compofition, of any lectures in phyfical icience, that the writer of, thefe particulars has ever had the fortune to hear. He read, alfo, a courfe of Lectures on Agriculture and Rural Economy, at which many of the landholders and farmers' of the environs of Edinburgh attended, with great eagerness and refpect. He inftituted a Farmers Society for the Improvement of Agricultural Knowledge. He was the founder of the Society for the Improvement of the Science of Natural History at Edinburgh.

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He made continual additions of great value to his collections of dried plants, and other fpecimens of Natural History. He held a correfpondence with all the most eminent Natu ralifts in Europe, and received the visits of every ingenious foreigner of diftinction who came to Edinburgh. He was conftant and vigilant in the difcharge of his duties as a Clergyman; and, in respect to his merits, he had the honour of being, one year, chofen to prefide as Moderator of the General Affembly of the Church; the highest profeffional distinction that a Clergyman can receive in Scotland-He published fome Elementary Abftracts for the ufe of his ftudents, an occa. fional Sermon or two, feveral Papers relative to the improvement of the Highlands, and various communications to the Society of Antiquaries in London, the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and other learned and scientific bodies. In the firft volume of the Tranfactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, is a Paper of his, on the Motion of the Sap in Plants, which I remeraber to have heard the late illuftrious Dr. William Robertfon declare, that he had read with extraordinary intereft and amufement, and praise very highly both for the ingenuity of the experiments and the elegant propriety of the compofition. Dr. Walker's converfation was unrivalled, in its power of lively amufement, in various instruction, in the rich difplay of vigorous and original energies of mind. Temperance and elegant neatnefs prefided at his table, whenever he entertained a few of his friends. Thofe who remember his converfations in his own houfe, after fupper, will ar. dently exclaim- noctes, cænæque Deûm! He had the misfortune to lofe the ufe of fight fome years before his death. He married Mifs Wauchope, an excellent and accomplished lady, of one of the best families in Scotland, but died without children. He was a member of many learned Societies

at home and abroad. He has undoubtedly left fome very valuable manufcripts, and a large and precious collection of Specimens of Natural History.

IRELAND.

Lately, three boats laden with provisions, arrived at the Grand Canal Harbour, in James's-ftreet, Dublin, from Carrick-onShannon, in the county of Leitrim. In this paffage they had to pass through fixty-five miles of that part of the river Shannon, which is called the Great Shannon, above Banagher, and likewife through fixty-one miles of the Grand Canal. Thefe are the first vefiels that ever arrived in Dublin, after a mediterranean voyage through the heart of the kingdom, by the above grand com munications. There are now upwards of one hundred miles of the Shannon open for navigation, from Banagher, through the city of Limerick, to the Atlantic oceanfo that Ireland may now boast of having

upwards of one hundred and fixty miles of internal river navigation, communicating with the Capital, near the centre, by means of the above 51 miles of the Grand Canal.

Died] On Summer-hill, Dublin, after a few hours illness, Mrs. Beresford, wife of Counsellor Beresford.

DEATHS ABROAD.

At Geneva, on the 20th of November, 1803, aged 80 years, George Louis be Sage, Fellow of the Royal Society of London, Correfponding Member of the late Academy of Sciences, at Paris, and affociate of fome other learned bodies. The lovers of Science. who were favoured with his acquaintance, will regret that in the courfe of a long and studious life, fcarcely a fingle fruit of his labours was given to the world. During part of his life the business of educating youth, and afterwards the irksomeness which he felt in preparing his ideas for the public eye, joined to his natural timidity, prevented him from finishing feveral works that had long employed his thoughts; but the character of his mind was univerfally allowed to be at the fame time just and ingenious, lu minous and profound, learned and original. His attention was occupied through life with an original theory on Gravitation, and an ideal mechanifm, by which he explained its laws. This fyftem he unfolded in a short paper which he prefented to the Berlin Academy; and it was published in the Memoirs of that learned body, under the title of the Newtonian Lucretius. In his private life he was truly a philofopher, fimple, modeft, and inoffenfive; zealous in doing all the good within his reach, and particularly kind in afifting the ftudies of those young men who were worthy of this diftinction. His converfation was a conftant fource of inftruction for those who would ufe it, and were able to follow the peculiar train of his ideas which he did not willingly break through; it was, befides, enlivened by an interesting fimplicity of exprellion, and a pleafantry peculiarly his own. It is much to be wished that a part at least of his manufcripts may be left in a ftate fit for publication, that the world may not entirely lofe the fruits of a long life pent in philofophical enquiry.

Killed, at the re-taking of the Lord Nelion Indiaman, by, a hot from the Bellone French privateer, ne r Ferrol, off the North-west coast of Spain, Lieutenant-colonel M'Gregor Murray. He was one of the heads of the antient, unfortunate houfe of M'Gregor; and, about 30 years ago, went out to India in the capacity of furgeon's mate. On his paffage he was infulted by one of the officers of the fhip, to whom, after his arrival in India, he fent a challenge, which the other did not think proper to accept. The Government, however, seeing that he was a young man of fpirit, offered him a commiffion in their fervice, which he

accepted,

accepted, and, by his merit, rofe to the rank of Lieutenant-colonel. For many years he held the lucrative employment of adju. tant-general to the forces in India; and is fuppofed to have accumulated a fortune of not less than 200,000l. As he has left no legitimate iffue, the greater part of this fum will go to his eldeft brother, Sir John M'Gregor Murray, bart. of Laurie, in Perthshire. The shock which the news of the aforefaid melancholy event must give to the relatives, and more efpecially to the two brothers, of the unfortunate gentleman deceased, (who expected to have spent, in happiness, the remainder of his days with them in his native land) may be more easily conceived than 'defcribed. What must add to their grief on the prefent occafion is, that, between four and five years ago, the Colonel had returned from India with an intention of retiring from fervice; but, finding his health not fo good in Britain as in Bengal, he went out again, in the Autumn of the year 1800, in hopes of being better feafoned for his native climate at bis fecond return. The eldest brother (the Baronet) has the rank of Colonel in the Eaft India Company's fervice, and, having been bred to the law, filled, for feveral years, with credit to him.felf, the high and important station of a Judge in Intia. The other, Alexander, is at prefent Colonel of the regi. ment of Royal Highland Edinburgh Volun

teers.

At Verfailles, in the feventy-ninth year of his age, Francis Dezoteux, formerly confulting furgeon of Camps and Armies of the French King, and Knight of the Order of St. Michael. He was one of thofe enlightened Phylicians to whom France was indebted for the introduction of the Inoculation of the Small-pox. Dezoteux was fucceffively Surgeon to the Field-hofpitals of the army of Flanders; Surgeon Major of the regiment du Roi; Inspector of Military Hofpitals, and Phyfician to the Invalids at Verfailles. His whole life was devoted to the caufe of humanity. He made feveral journeys to London, in order to increase and perfectionate his knowledge in the art of Inoculation; the first experiments with which he made at Nancy, and at Paffy, in the neighbourhood of Paris; and was obliged to carry on a celebrated procefs against the Parliament of Befançon, which had declared against Inoculation. During the storms of the Revolution, he loft his whole fortune: but his poverty did not deprive him either of the gratitude of his country, or of the, attachment of his friends.

On the 24th of August, at Milan, the Abbate Fontana, one of the most celebrated Natural.its of Europe.

In March, at Goa, in the East Indies, Lieutenant-col. Robert Ker, in the East India Company's fervice.

At Rome, in his 51ft year, the Portuguese Embaffador, Alexander de Souzae Holstein.

MONTHLY COMMERCIAL REPORT.

T now appears,, by accounts from Bergen, in Norway, that the late embargo upon

merchandize the Seas, was a meature

of no fmall commercial utility. A fmall fquadron of Dutch gun-brigs had escaped into thefe feas to intercept our trade at the time when, on account of the immediately previous interruption of the winter, the number of the cargoes fent to the northern parts of the Continent is the greatest. Government appears to have had timely intelligence of that expedition. The embargo, impofed at the very proper moment, has probably faved to the value of feveral hundred thousand pounds, to our merchants.

Sixty Veffels laden with timber had been cut out of the ice at Bergen, on the 10th of February; and were then to fail within ten days.

The London Dock Company have agreed to add, by a new fubfcription, $60,000l. fterling to their former capital of 1,200,ocal. With this addition, the works, comprehending the dock and warehoufes, will be completed in fummer.

The prices of cattle and of leather were fenfibly lower than they had lately before been, at laft Bristol fair. They decline, in general, over the country.

The coinage of money in Great Britain, amounted, in the reign of Queen Anne, only to two millions fterling. That of the reign of George the First, was eight millions. That of the much longer reign of George the Second, amounted but to eleven millions. In the reign of his prefent Majefty, money has been coined to the value of fixty-four millions fterling and of this, thirty-two millions within thefe laft twenty years.

A number of tons of dollars have been fent down to Birmingham by the Canal, to be converted into crown-pieces, at least to receive the fame impreffions by the machinery of Mr. Boulton. This measure will tend to prevent the circulation of counterfeits; as the effect of Mr. Boulton's machinery cannot be eafily imitated by any fecret apparatus; and as no counterfeits executed abroad will be fubmitted to the new impreflion. But we much fear that the fcarcity of filver will not entirely ceafe, till a happy change in the fituation of the country fhall make it eligible to remove the reftriction by which the Bank of England is now prohibited from making its payments in money. It is, indeed, true, that the rate at which thefe dollar-crowns are to pafs in circulation is fuch, as to leave small temptation to export, or melt them down, as bullion.

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In the year 1800, were fold in Cornwall, Copper-ores to the quantity of 55,972 Tons, 12 Cwt. and 2 Qrs. for £.557,463 .8s. 3d.

1801-57,198 Tons,

1S02-53,364 Tons,

1803-61,312 Tons,

for

471,872 8 6

for

for

447,843 14 o
53,667 10 Q

The Directors of the Eaft India Company have hired eight extra-fhips, bearing, in all, 4638 tons, for the outward voyage of the prefent feason.

The dollars now in currency weigh 402 grains. The proper weight of the crown piece, is 464 grains.

The land-holders in Effex and the counties adjacent have had meetings to confider of petitioning Parliament against the Corn-laws, as, in a feafon like the prefent, they are oppreffive to Agriculture.

It has been eftimated, that the diminution in the price of bread, for the prefent year, in comparison with what it coft in the late years of fcarcity, is equal to an abatement of taxes and public expences in general, to the amount of thirty millions annually. Irish mefs-beef, Dutch and Irish butter, wheat, and several other forts of store-provifions, have fallen in price in the London markets, in the courfe of last month. The prices of beans, peas, oats, and barley, have lately rifen. Irifh falt pork is now ten fhillings an cwt. lower than it was on the 21st of February.

Red and yellow bark, by a rife in price of from Is. 6d. to 2s. a pound, are now, the former at 11s. 6d. the latter at 14s 6d. per lib. Cotton of Berbice, which was on the 21ft of February, at Is. 113. per lbi. is at 4s. a lib. Jamaica chipped logwood has rifen from 241. to 251. per ton.-Sugars have had, in general, a rise, in some instances, to the amount of one-eighth of the whole price.-The rife in the price of coffee has been alfo confiderable: the best Weft India coffee is at the high rate of 71. tos. a cwt. Weft India goods in general may probably continue to rife, while the fpring cargoes are made up for the North of Europe, and till there fhall be new arrivals from Jamaica, and the other ifles, in this country.

The Bank of Ireland iffued notes in 1802, to the amount of 2,600,000l. Its iffue of notes in 1863, was the value of 2,911,cool. fterling.

The foreign goods imported into Ireland, and then re-exported, are of the total value of 300,000l. One-half of this re-exportation, or to the value of 150,000l. fterling, is to Great Britain.

India fugars,

American goods have not, in general, varied materially in price, fince February. Teas are, in general, higher than they were in the end of laft month. faltpetre, and various other Eaft India goods, have alfo rifen in price. Seeds for fowing naturally rife in price, as the time for ufing them advances. From fome merchants and manufacturers from the country, we hear warm and telty complaints; while others fpeak of large orders, and plentiful remittances. In general, however, the condition of our trade and manufactures may be confidered as flourishing. Goods from the Baltic may be expected to fall in price, as the feafon fhall advance, and the fleets arrive from that quarter.

The late communications in Parliament, relative to the fate of the exchange between Great Britain and Ireland, feem to have had a beneficial effect. The exchange between the two countries has fince fallen to 16 per cent. by which, allowance being made for the difference of the monies, Ireland fuffers only about 8 per cent. lofs.

Our 3 per cents. confols are at 5; bank stock at 156; Navy 5 per cents. at 893.

MONTHLY AGRICULTURAL REPORT.

THE greatest part of the prefent month has been favourable for the different operations of hufbandry, and of courfe much field-work has been performed in the more fouthern parts of the land; but in the northern districts, the weather has been more fevere, and confequently a much less progress made in the bufinefs of ploughing. The wheats in general look well and he lthy. Thof of the later fowings have come forward in a very favourable manner during this month. The price of grain is much the fame as in our last :-The average price of Wheat throughout England and Wales is 50s. Rye, 32s. 10d. Barley, 23s. Oats, 20s 20. Bean's, 33s 6d. Peas, 37s 49.

Pata oes are unufually dear for the ftate of the feafon.

Though the feafon has been fo very open, the prices of both lean and fat ftock keep up. In Smithfeld market, Beef yields from 4s. 8d. to 5s, 8d. Mutton, 5s, to 5s. 8d. Veal, 5s. to 5s. 6d. Pork, 3, 8d. to 4s. 84. In Newgate and Leadenhall markets, Beef yields from 35. 8d. to 4s. 8d. Mutton, 4s. to 45. 8d. Veal, 4s. 6d. to 6s. Pork, 3s. 8d. to 4s. 83.

Hay and Straw. In St. James's market, the average price is from 41. to 51. 12s. Straw, 11. 13s. to 11. 19s. At Whitechapel, Hay yields from 41. to 51. ics. Clover, 51. to 61. 8s. Straw, l. 12s. to 11. 18.

METEOROLOGICAL

METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.

Obfervations of the State of the Weather, from February 25, to March 24, inclusive, tw9

Miles N.W. of St. Paul's.

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The quantity of rain fallen fince our last report is equal to 4.15 inches in depth. The last month may be divided into three diftinct periods, with regard to the temperature of the atmosphere. The first eight or nine days it was very cold; from the fourth to the feventeenth, inclufive, it gradually increased in heat, till, as we have noted above, the thermometer, on the laft of thofe days, was as high as 63°, at which point, or nearly fo, it remed between two and three hours; from the feventeenth till within the last day it has b.en exceedingly fevere, during which the temperature has two or three times been feven or eight degrees below the freezing-point, and on fome of the days it has never once been higher than 32 or 33°.

The wind, in the cold parts of the month, has blown from the N. E. and in the warmer days it has been W.S. W. Snow and hail, in small quantities, have fallen three or four days.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

The feveral communications, with the after-mentioned fignatures, do not fuit the plan of Our Mifcellany.

Monitor Modeftus.~(A. C.-B. C. &c. )-N. NA Conftant Reader.-Detector.-B. F. E****.-S. H. T.-D. U.~(A. S.-W.)—A Highlander.-S, R. N.-P. I. —O.—Nafica, -Publicus.-R. Jones.-J. D-J. Larwood.-An Admiring Reader.—An Officer.-J. C—d. -A Trinitarian Immaterialift.-Philomelas-Enquirer.-Auditor.-R. Sewell.-R. W. -T. C.-C.-T.-A British Volunteer.-Volti.-W. Lea.-W. F.-W. H. W.-Cato.Heranio.-T. Boole.-H. S.-Orfon.-R. D.-W. DS. Whitchurch.-G. L. E. Nottingham.-J. S. C. (Tale)-A Reader.-S.-Alban.-S. Whitchurch.-A Civil Volunteer.-A. Z.-F. W, D-Vigornienfis.-P. M. James.-W. B. on Banger Ferry.-J. T. J. S.-J. R.-W. N.

The Defcription of late Deirg.-Thoughts on the Volunteer Corps.-The Poem on the Mammoth, are inadmiffible.

We cannot pledge ourselves to infert Vida's Game at Chefs till we have seen it.

ERRATA.

In the plate of the Meteor, in No. 111, for November 6, read November 13. In page 229, of this Number, line 12, inftead of "the three fummits or highest levels, viz. through, &c." fhould be "the two fummits or highest levels, viz. through the tunnel at Braunstone, and through the deep cutting at Bulborne on the Chalk-hills near Tring, have both experienced the want of water even for the limited trade that has yet been carried on the water on the third fummit, viz. through the intended tunnel at Blifworth, has not yet been proved by experience, equal to the wafte of locking down at Stoke-Bruerne."

In line 28, fame page, instead of " to preferve water for the Blifworth fummit,” read, ** to preferve water for the very long and leaky level fouth of Walverton.”

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