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1725.

o declared that I by the Duke, and

"I have been forced into Chancery by that B. B. B. old B- the Duchels of Marlborough, where he has got an injunction upon me by her friend the late good Chancello never was empty therefore had no and upon his eftate for my fervices at Blenheim. Since my hands were thus tied up from trying by law to recover my arrear, I have prevailed with Sir Robert Walpole to help me in a scheme which I propofed to him, by which I have got my money in fpite of the huffey's teeth. My carrying this point enrages her much, and the more because it is of confiderable weight in my fimall fortune, which he has heartily endeavoured fo to destroy, as to throw me into an English Bafile, there to finish my days, as I began them in a French one. ORIGINAL LETTER of the late GENERAL

SIR,

WOLFE.

You can't find me a more agreeable employment than to ferve or oblige you, and I with with all my heart that my inclination and abilities were of equal force. I don't recollect what it was I recommended to Mr.▬▬▬▬▬'s nephew, it might be the Comte de Turpin's book, which was certainly worth looking into, as it contains a good deal of plain practice. Your brother no doubt is master of the Latin and French languages, and has fome knowledge of the Mathematics. With out the last he can never become acquainted with one confiderable branch of our bufinefs, the conftruction of fortifications, and the attack and defence of places; and I would advise him by all means to give up a year or two of his time now while he is young, if he has not already done it, to the study of the mathematics, because it will greatly facilitate his progress in military matters. As to the books that are fittest for his purpose, he may begin

Q. Lord Macclesfield.

with the King of Pruffia's Regulations for his Horfe and Foot, where the economy and good order of an army in the lower branches is extremely correct: Then there are the Memoirs of the Marquis de Santa Cruz, Feuquiere, Montecuculi; the Projet de Tactique, où la Phalange, Folard's Commentaries upon Polybius; couplée et doublée; L'Attaque et la Defenfe Mémoires de Goulon, L'Ingénieur de Camdes Places, par le Maréchal de Vauban; Les pagne, par St. Remi, for all that concerns tillery-Of the Antients, Vegetius, Cæfar, and The Retreat of the 10,000 Greeks. I Thucydides, Xenophon's Life of Cyrus, don't mention Polybius, because the Commentaries and the Hiftory generally go together of later days. Davila, Guicciardini, Strada, the Memoirs of the Duc de Sully.

There is abundance of military knowledge to be picked out of the Lives of Kings of Sweden; alfo of Zifea the BoGutavus Adolphus and Charles XII. hemian and if a tolerable account could would be inestimable; for he excels all the be got of the Exploits of Scanderbeg, it

:

officers ancient and modern in the conduct of a small defenfive army. I met with him in the Turkish Hiftory, but no where elfe. The Life of Sertorius contains many fine things this way; there is a book, lately published, that I have heard come mended,"l'Art de la Guerre par Pratique;" I fuppofe it is collected from all the best authors that treat of war: and there is a little volume intitled "De la petite Guerre" that your brother fhould take in his pocket when he goes upon duties and detachments. The Marshall de Puyfegur's book too is in efteem. I believe Mr. will think this catalogue long enough; if he has patience to read and a defire to apply, as I am perfuaded he has, the knowledge contained in them, there is wherewithal to make him a confiderable perfon in his profeffion, and of courfe very ufeful and ferviceable to his country.

and

In general the Lives of all great commanders and all good hiftories of warlike nations will be very inftructive, and lead him naturally to imitate what he must neceffarily approve of.—In these days of fcarcity, and in thefe unlucky times, it is much to be wifh'd that all our young foldiers of birth and education would **

NEW

NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED.

MR. BOOTH HODGETT'S (DUDLEY) for Machinery for rolling Iron for Shanks, and for forming the fame into Shanks for

Nails.

THE

HE method used in rolling iron is well known, the variation adopted by the patentee is obtained by having one roller perfectly cylindrical, or in the ufual form of rollers, and the other, at proper intervals, is fo indented as to form the thanks of nails at once, by making them thick at one end, and running off to a point at the other. It is evident that by a contrivance of this kind the operation of nail-making must be greatly expedited. That part of the bufinefs which relates to the making of the heads is to be done in the ufual way. In the cafe of brads, where heads are not wanting the whole operation is perform ed at once. The indentations on the roller are of courfe made of different lengths according to the fize of the nails wanted.

MR. STEPHEN HOOPER'S (WALWORTH) for Machinery for cleaning of dry and other Harbours ;-opening a Channel through Sands at Sea, &c. &c.

The apparatus to keep off the back water, and the refervoir, may be built of any dimenfion of timber or other materials, of a concave form, in the proportion of about thirty feet in length, to twenty in breadth. If built of timber, a number of square piles must be placed at about two feet afunder, and of fuch a length as, when driven fufficiently deep, to leave the upper art of them on a level with the top of the pier-head. A row of these piles being placed in the front, another row must be driven close to the pier-head, and a range to form each end. The front and back rows must be strongly fixed or locked together by timber, framed acrois and keyed, and the piles at the ends in the fame manner, fo that the whole may be fufficiently ftrong to confine the body of water contained in it, and to withstand the action of the fea against it. The front part of the refervoir, and the end next the fea, must be fupplied with a number of blocks, or pieces of timber, about twelve inches fquare framed between the piles from the bottom to the top, to be flush or fquare with the infide of the piles, for valves to fhut against thefe blocks must be placed about a foot afunder, by which openings MONTHLY MAG, No. 112.

In

will be formed between the piles, of about two feet wide by one foot deep. To each of thefe spaces, a valve must be fixed, opening inwards, freely to admit the water, when the waves drive against the refervoir; and then, by closing when the wave retires, prevent the water from returning. The bottom of this reservoir must be made water-fight, that part only excepted, which communicates with a tunnel, which is made of proper dimenfions to convey the water from the refervoir to the upper part of the harbour. This tunnel must be fixed along by the infide of the pier-head clofe to the ground, and filled with a number of fluices about ten feet diftant from each other. cleanfing a dry-harbour, the perfon employed to fuperintend the business must at high water open the fluice next above the waters edge; and when the fea runs high, the next below it (for the water in the tunnel will, by the action of the waves on the refervoir, be confiderably higher than the tide itself, or level of the water in the harbour: and the current from the fluice will drive the foil it meets with into the water); and as the tide ebbs he must open another fluice, and then another, and fo on this procefs will fcour from each part of the harbour along the head in fucceffion, a quantity of foil proportioned to the height of the tide, and of the water driven into the refervoir.

The next thing defcribed in this fpecification is an horizontal windmill. Then a machine for pecking up rocks under water, fo as to open or affilt in making a navigation. The peckers may be fixed by different machinery to work by the motion of the veffel; but in cases where the veffel has no motion, the peckers may be worked by a roller having a number of cogs about three fourths of the way round it, for another fet of cogs fixed to the pecking bars to work into. On the turning of the roller, the bar is raifed up till it comes to that part of the roller where there are no cogs, when it frees itfelf and drops down with velocity to peck the ftone. Thefe rollers may be put in motion by manual labour, horfes, wind, or water, and may be worked with d.fferent machinery.

A fhifting keel to affift fhips, hoys, barges, &c. going to the windward; and a lighter for fcoming away bars, &c. are reprefented by plates, and defcribed in

Y

Mr.

Mr. Hooper's fpecification. To thefe are likewife added improvements upon a waterwheel for railing water; and another with a tunnel for scouring away fand or loofe foil, for getting a fhip off the fand or main.

MR. JAMES ROBERTS's, and GEORGE CATHERY'S (SOUTHAMPTON) for completely and effectually eradicating SMUT from WHEAT.

This invention confifts in mixing the fmutty wheat with lime made from stone, or white or grey chalk. The lime, when flack, is to be fifted through a fine fieve, and then mixed well with the wheat, in proportion to the degree of fmut, from one to two bufhels to a load of five quarters; it is then to be paffed through a machine; in general once will be fufficient to make the wheat fit for the miller; but, if intended for fale, it will frequently be neceffary to pass the wheat through the machine twice, and in fome cafes three times. The machine is made of wire, with brushes within, upon the fame principle as thofe in common ufe for dreffing flour, only that the wire is ftronger and coarfer.

Wheat, we are told, cleanfed by this invention, will produce flour of as good a quality and value as flour made from wheat of the best growth.

MR.JAMES BEVANS'S (CASTLE-STREET) for Methods of applying MACHINERY for the Purposes of more expeditiously Striking or flicking Mouldings, and for grooving and excavating Wood in every Manner now ufually performed by any Kind of PLANE.

Thefe operations are to be performed

A

by the planes or other inftruments now ufed for fimilar purpofes, or with fuch alterations as are neceffary to adapt them to the machinery. They may be used either fingly or combined in any number, according to the width of the boards to be worked at once, and according to the nature of the work to be done. The inftruments are made to pafs horizontally over the material, in the direction of the shaft communicating at one end with the mouldings, &c. by a connecting rod or inftruments, and at the other end with the machinery, capable of affording a reciprocating motion.

whofe radius must be nearly half the length The machinery may confift of a crank; of the required ftroke, and must be regu lated accordingly, which may be affected by the arm of the crank, paffing through axis, and fliding in the faid box to any a mortife in a strong box fixed on an required length, where it must be fixed by ftrong fcrews, the axis being turned team, or any other power, and having by manual exertion, by horles, water, For this part of the machine Mr. Bevan its motion regulated by a fly-wheel. but he thought it neceffary to defcribe it lays no claim to an exclufive privilege, as an example of a fimple method of giving a reciprocating motion.

The drawings annexed to this fpecifibox or frame containing the planes or cation exhibit fide and end views of the other inftruments, with the proper appa. ratus; likewife an horizontal and a verti cal fection of the fame. From these and the defcription, which is very appropriate, the whole plan of the patentee will be readily understood.

VARIETIES, LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL.
Including Notices of Works in Hand, Domestic and Foreign.
Authentic Communications for this Article will always be thankfully received.

LITERARY treasure of confiderable value will fhortly be prefented to the public. It confifts of the entire and unpublished Correspondence, and of various Mifcellaneous Works, of "the Shakespeare of Novel Writing," SAMUEL RICHARDSON. The recent decease of his last furviving daughter, Mrs. Anne Richardfon, of Stratford in Suffolk, is the cause of these valuable relics

being given to the world, after being locked up in poffeffion of the family for upwards of forty years. As the correfpondence chiefly related to living characters, Mr. Richardfon enjoined in his laft illnefs that his posthumous papers might not be published "during the life-time of his daughters, unless either of them fhould by accident be reduced in circumftances, when he trufted the publication

would

would prove a fortune to them;" and under this impreffion he actually arranged and corrected great part for the prefs. The death of his laft daughter having now removed the force of the above injunction, his grandfons, the Rev. SAMUEL CROWTHER, rector of Chriftchurch, London, and PHILIP DITCHER, Efq. of Wimpole-freet, have difpofed of the manufcripts, in behalf of the various branches of the family, to Mr. PHILLIPS, of St. Paul's Church-yard, and they will immediately be published in five or fix elegant volumes, accompanied with fuitable embellishments. The Life and Literary Character of Mr. Rich ardfon will be prefixed by Mrs. BARBAULD, who will fuperintend the publi

cation.

N. B. As it is poffible, that fome of the reprefentatives of Mr. Richardfon's literary correfpondents may be in poffeffion of Letters and other MSS. which may affist the intended publication, Mr. Phillips earnestly invites the loan of all fuch papers as foon as poffible. Mr. PORSON has, we learn, put two others of the Plays of Euripides to the prefs, the Hippolytus Coronatus and Alceles. He is alfo fuperintending an edition of Herodotus, in feven volumes, 12mo. now printing in Edinburgh.

The Rev. Mr. ESMSLEY has the care of a new edition of Thucydides, which is alfo printing at Edinburgh.

A General Officer, whofe name is dear to the public, having addreffed, while on foreign fervice, a Series of Letters to his Son, who was on the point of entering the army, has been prevailed on to permit their publication; and this valuable fyftem of military and popular ethics, will fpeedily make its appearance under the tile of The Military Mentor. Perhaps no work was ever written which was fo completely calculated to produce in the lame person the qualifications of the accomplifhed gentleman and the gallant officer.

Lord GRENVILLE is printing a fmall volume of letters, which the late Earl of Chatham fent to his nephew, the father of the prefent Lord Camelford.

The Paradife Regained, prepared for the prefs by the late T. WARTON, fuppofed to have been loft, has been difcovered among the papers of his deceafed brother, and will be made ufe of in the next edition of Milton. The notes are faid to display the ufual tafte and acumen of their eminent author,

Mr. RICHARD Twiss, author of tra

vels in Portugal and Spain, Ireland, France, &c. has invited fubfcriptions to he intends to publish, under the title of a new work, in one volume, 4to. which Mifcellanies, confifting of Effays, Tales, &c. tranflated and imitated from feveral languages; with other pieces, on various fubjects. The fubicriptions are one guinea, to be paid at the time of fubfcrib

ing.

The Rev. J. GRANT, of Warrington, will publifh, in a few days, an Enquiry into the prefent State of Friendly Socie ties, having a reference principally to Mr. Role's A&t for enabling them to new-model their Regulations.

The conductors of charity fchools in different parts of the country, who have been difappointed in their fupply of copies of the "Manual of Religious Knowledge," are informed, that a new and large edition is now in the prefs, and will be ready for delivery early in fpring. It is, therefore, requested, that the conductors of fchools, who make ufe of the book, will addrefs a letter to the Rev. J. GRANT, Warrington, or to Mr. HENRY POTTER, Ormfkirk, fpecifying the number of copies they fhall want, that the edition may not again fall fhort of the demand.

In the courfe of a few months will be published a new and complete fet of Tables for readily computing the Longitude of Places from Lunar Obfervations, according to a new and accurate method, by the Rev. JAMES ANDREW, of Woolwich Common.

A fecond edition, enlarged and improved, is in the prefs, of Mr. EDWARD VALPY's "Elegantiæ Latine; or, Rules and Exercifes, illuftrative of elegant Latin Style, intended for the ufe of the higher Claffes of Grammar Schools."

Sir HENRY ENGLEFIELD, Bart. F.R. and A.S.S. has in the prefs a'econd edition of his much admired Walk through Southampton.

The congregation affembling at Call, lane, Leeds, have united to request that their minifter, the Rev. JOSEPH BOWDEN, would favour them with a volume of his Sermons, adapted to the Ufe of Families. He has complied, and it is in the prefs, and will fhortly be published.

The Bard of Avon, whose works have fo often iffued from the prefs, in every poffible form, is ftill to meet the public eye in a new form. A literary gentleman, well known by his various useful publications, has projected a new edition, under the title of The Lady's Shakspeare ;"" Y 2

and

and there can be little doubt, from the editor's experience, but that the plan will delerve the patronage of that fex, for whote ule the work is defigned.

The Life of Monfieur Florian, whose works are justly esteemed as the models of elegant writing, is tranflated from the French of his friend M. ROSNY by Mr. BYERLEY, and will make its appearance early in the prefent month, embellished with feveral engravings, executed in a very fuperior tyle-This Life has already appeared in the Monthly Maga

zine.

A Clerical Kalendar; or, Annual Regifter of the Ecclefiaftical Eftablishment in England and Wales, will be published in the prefent year; comprizing correct and authentic lifts of, 1. The Bishops and their refpective Appointments. 2. The Dignitaries in each Diocese, and their feveral Benefices. 3. The Beneficed Clergy in the different Diocefes, with their Patrons, and Value of their Livings. 4. The Spiritual Officer of each Diocese. 5. The Memoirs of the Lower Houfes of Convocation. And, 6, Correct Notices of the Ecclefiaftical Appointments of the preceding Year.

A Tranflation of Florian's Paftoral Romance, by Mifs HIGHLEY, is in the prefs, and will be published, with three elegant engravings, in the courfe of the prefent month.

Mr. H. WHITFIELD, Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, and author of the Christmas Holidays, and Black Monday, a poem, has in the prefs a novel, in two volumes, entitled "A Picture from Life; or, the History of Emma Tankerville and Sir Henry Moreton," which will be publifhed early in the prefent month.

Mrs. GOOCH has in the prefs a novel,

entitled Sherwood Foreft.

Profeffor ROBISON, of Edinburgh, has in the prefs a work on Mechanical Philofophy, containing the fubftance of his

lectures.

Mr. MALKIN is about to publish an Account of a Tour through Wales.

The fecond volume of Mr. BAROw's Travels into the Interior of Southern Africa, will fhortly be published.

The fame gentleman intends, at no diftant period, to announce the Account of his Travels in China.

Mr. RICHARDSON, of Glafgow, is now printing a Collection of his Mifcellaneous Works.

Dr. HILL, of Edinburgh, has com mitted to the prefs a copious Treatife on the Synonims of the Latin Language.

Principal PLAYFAIR, of St. Andrew's, author of a System of Chronology in the year 1784, will foon publish an extenfive work on Ancient and Modern Geography.

Dr. ADAM, Rector of the High School, is now printing a Latin Dictionary, on which he has bestowed the labour of many years. It is intended for general ufe, and is expected to fuperlede every other of the fame defcription.

A volume of Sermons, by the late Dr. DRUMMOND, Archbishop of York, together with a Biographical Sketch, written by his fon, the Rev. Mr. HAY DRUMMOND, is in the prefs.

An Hiftorical Memoir of the Revival of the Drama in Italy, by Mr. WALKER, of Dublin; and an edition of the Poems afcribed to Offian, accompanied with Annotations, by Mr. BEAUFORD, another Irish gentleman, will speedily iffue from the prefs of Mundell, of Edinburgh.

Mr. WARBURTON's Ecclefiaftical, Civil, and Military, Hiftory, of Dublin, will foon be sent to the prefs.

Captain BROUGHTON'S Account of his Voyage of Difcovery to the North Pacific Ocean, with Charts, will speedily be published.

The office of Principal of the Univerfity of Glasgow, has lately been filled by Dr. TAYLOR, fucceffor to the late Dr. Archibald Davidson.

Befides the ufual lectures at the Royal Inftitution, five new courfes will be delivered this year-on Belles Lettres, by the Rev. Mr. HEWLET;-on Ancient and Modern Architecture, by the Rev. Mr. CROWE, Public Orator of the University of Oxford;-on Botany, by Dr. SMITH, Prefident of the Linnean Society;-and on Painting, by Mr. OPIE. The public experiments on Chemistry will commence on the 3d of March.

On Tufday, the 14th of February, the following gentlemen, after a very fharp conteft, were elected Vice Prefidents of the Society for the Promotion of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, viz. Richard Clarke, Efq. Chamberlain of the City, 204.-Sir Robert Peale, bart. M.P. 202.-Nathaniel Conant, Efq. 181.Doctor Richard Powell, 178.-Thomas Rowcroft, Elq. Alderman, 158.

Dr. WOLLASTON has difcovered a new and very improved method of making fpectacle glaffes, they are convex on the exterior furface, and concave within. The fection of thofe for long-fighted perfons will affume the form of a menifcus or crefcent, and those adapted for fhortfight will have their principal curvature

on

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