Plant World: Its Past, Present & Future; an Introd. to the Study of BotanyWhittaker, 1891 - 212 pages |
Other editions - View all
The Plant World: Its Past, Present, and Future; An Introduction to the Study ... George Massee No preview available - 2017 |
The Plant World: Its Past, Present, and Future; An Introduction to the Study ... George Massee No preview available - 2016 |
Common terms and phrases
Algæ amongst amount Angiosperms Animal Kingdom anther antherozoids appear arrangement asexual assimilation atmosphere become branches calyx carbonic dioxide carpels cell-wall cells chemical chlorophyll colour condition consequently consists constituting corolla cross-fertilization Cryptogams Dicotyledons division of labour entirely epidermis evolution evolved exposed favourable female ferns fertilizing body fibro-vascular bundles flora flower flowering plants fruit function fundamental tissue fungi germination green group of plants grow Gymnosperms hence idea illustrated individual inflorescence insects instances known latter leaf leaves light method minute mode of reproduction modifications Monocotyledons motile nectar numerous oosphere organs origin ovary ovules palms parasitic petals Phanerogams phase phloem pistil plants and animals Pleurococcus pollen popularly present day primitive produced protective protoplasm purpose regions root seaweeds seeds self-fertilization sepals sexual slender species spores stage stamens starch stem stigma stoma stomata structure substance surface tendrils tion tree trunk usually various Vegetable Kingdom whereas whorls xylem
Popular passages
Page 115 - Strychnos nuxsomica, are valuable medicines, depending on the strychnine they contain, which acts as a powerful excitant of the spinal cord and nerves ; thus the most effective protective arrangements evolved by plants can be turned to account, and consequently lead to the destruction of the individuals they were designed to protect. Our common arum (Arum maculatum), popularly known as 'Lords and Ladies...
Page 114 - U. urens), in these cases the stinging hairs are mixed on the leaves and stem with ordinary rigid hairs, of which they are higher developments, distinguished by the lower or basal swollen portion of the hair containing an irritating liquid that is ejected when the tip of the hair is broken off. Bitter taste, often accompanied by a strong scent, as in wormwood (Artemisia vulgaris), chamomile (Anthemis ndbilis} , and the leaves and fruit of the walnut (Juglans regia).
Page 114 - Poisonous alkaloids, as in the species of Strychnos, which contain two very poisonous alkaloids, strychnine and brucine, in the root and the seeds ; decoctions of species of Strychnos are used by the Javanese and the natives of South America to poison their arrows. Some of the species, as Strychnos...
Page 115 - Ladies,- hns an intensely acrid substance present in the leaves, which effectually protects it from the attacks of mammals and caterpillars, but not from the attacks of parasitic fungi, which appear to be indifferent to all protective contrivances exhibited by plants, nearly every plant supporting one or more of these minute pests, the effects of which will be realized by mentioning the potato disease, ' rust ' and ' smut ' in the various cereals, and the hop disease, all due to parasitic fungi.
Page 114 - ... thus prevent the nibblings of animals, or in more advanced species, curved, thus enabling the weak stem to climb and carry its leaves out of harm's way. Spines, that are sharp-pointed abortive branches, serving the same purpose as prickles, as in the common sloe or blackthorn (Prunus spinosa). Rigid hairs on leaves and stem, as in the borage (Borago officinalis) , and comfrey (Symphytum officinale). Stinging hairs, as in the common nettles (Urtica dioica, and U. urens), in these cases the stinging...
Page 178 - ... the latest comers in a majestic procession which has been marching through an unknown series of ages. At the head of this procession we ourselves stand, heirs of all the progress of the past and moving forward into the future wherein progress towards something higher and nobler must still be for us, as it has been for all creation, the guiding law.
Page 65 - ... arranged in the following order — red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet.
Page 58 - ... membranes, this is not the only meaning given it. The definition given by Brubaker, and the one by Washburn, are evidently made in the attempt to give a more definite meaning to the term. The so-called law of osmotic movements of liquids as stated by Clements11, Ganong12, Peabody13, and others, is as follows: "When two liquids of different densities are separated by a membrane, they pass through the membrane and mingle and the flow is always from the less dense to the more dense.
Page 134 - ... indispensable, yet all these elaborate arrangements have not prevented the violets from evolving something even more effectual and at the same time more economical in connection with fertilization, and in reality the oldfashioned...
Page 12 - The multicellular forms may consist of a single row of cells placed end to end, as in the moniliform hairs of Tradescantia, Fig.